Aristotelia chilensis (maqui berry) is a Chilean native fruit rich in anthocyanins with potential antioxidant, glycemic, cardiometabolic, and ocular benefits, but its clinical efficacy remains unclear. This systematic review synthesized and critically appraised human trials evaluating oral maqui supplementation in adults. Following PRISMA 2020 and a PROSPERO-registered protocol, five databases were searched, and risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using RoB 2/ROBINS-I and GRADE. Twelve clinical trials published between 2014 and 2023 were included. Acute studies consistently showed reduced postprandial glucose and modulation of insulin response, whereas chronic interventions showed modest and inconsistent effects on HbA1c, lipid profile, and other cardiometabolic markers. Favorable changes were also reported for oxidative stress biomarkers and autonomic parameters, although these findings were mainly based on surrogate endpoints. The most consistent evidence was observed in the ocular domain, where maqui supplementation improved tear production, dry eye symptoms, and tear inflammatory markers. The overall certainty of evidence ranged from moderate to very low because of methodological heterogeneity, small sample sizes, and short intervention duration. Maqui berry supplementation shows promise, particularly for acute glycemic control and ocular surface health, but larger long-term randomized trials using standardized formulations are needed before definitive clinical recommendations can be made.

The development of grapevine varieties combining powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) resistance with acceptable wine quality represents an important goal for sustainable viticulture. This study evaluated the oenological potential of five advanced breeding lines carrying Run1 or Run1Ren1 resistance loci, developed through marker-assisted selection to achieve 99.2–99.6% Vitis vinifera genome content. Genotypes were assessed under Chilean conditions during the 2024–2025 seasons, analyzing disease resistance, berry characteristics, and wine chemical parameters. All resistant genotypes exhibited complete powdery mildew resistance (OIV scores 9) without fungicide applications. Wine analyses showed pH 3.4–3.9, titratable acidity 3.7–7.8 g/L, and total phenolics 229.2–1356.1 mg GAE/L, values within ranges reported in the literature for commercial wines. Two genotypes evaluated across both seasons showed different patterns of year-to-year variation, with AJ-T2 showing 4.7% variation in anthocyanin content, while AJ-T6 exhibited greater variation in phenolic parameters. HPLC analysis revealed anthocyanin profiles dominated by malvidin-3-glucoside without diglucoside forms, consistent with V. vinifera patterns. These preliminary results from single-plant evaluations suggest that marker-assisted breeding may contribute to developing disease-resistant varieties with wine chemical parameters within commercial ranges, though multi-plant trials with appropriate controls are essential for validation.