Several Ru-Ti oxide-based catalysts were investigated for the catalytic oxidation of HCl to Cl₂ in this work. The active component RuO₂ was loaded on different titanium-containing supports by a facile wetness impregnation method. The Ru-Ti oxide based catalysts were characterized by XRD, N₂ sorption, SEM, TEM, H₂-TPR, XPS, and Raman, which is correlated with the catalytic tests. Rutile TiO₂ was confirmed as the optimal support even though it has a low specific surface area. In addition to the interfacial epitaxial lattice matching and epitaxy, the extraordinary performance of Ru-Ti rutile oxide could also be attributed to the favorable oxygen species on Ru sites and specific active phase-support interactions. On the other hand, the influence of additive Ce on the RuO₂/TiO₂-rutile was studied. The incorporation of Ce by varied methods resulted in further oxidation of RuO₂ into RuO₂^δ+ and a modification of the support structure. The amount of favorable oxygen species on the surface was decreased. As a result, the Deacon activity was lowered. It was demonstrated that the surface oxygen species and specific interactions of the Ru-Ti rutile oxide were critical to HCl oxidation.

Triethylene diamine (DABCO) can interact with H₂O and CO₂in air to form dimeric and trimeric complexesviahydrogen bond, tetrel bond as well as van der Waals interactions.

In the quest for efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalysts for Sonogashira coupling reactions, a PEG-OMe (Methoxy Polyene Glycol) - mediated method was developed to immobilize Pd/Cu bimetallic nanoparticles on activated carbon (AC). Catalytic experiments showed that Pd/Cu@AC prepared in a PEG-OMe 500 had the highest activity. The morphology and composition of the catalyst were determined, and the identified crystallized and heterometallic nanoparticles of Pd/Cu were essential for an efficient catalytic cycle. The Pd/Cu@AC catalyst was successfully used in Sonogashira reactions (21 examples) including with aryl bromides as the coupling partner in EtOH at 80–100 °C. The catalyst was recycled at least nine times.

Co-Ni bi-metallic catalysts supported on Ce-Al₂O₃ (CA) were prepared with different Co ratios, and the catalytic behaviors were assessed in the n-decane steam reforming reaction with the purpose of obtaining high H₂ yield with lower inactivation by carbon deposition. Physicochemical characteristics studies, involving N₂ adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), H₂-temperature-programmed reduction (H₂-TPR), NH₃-temperature-programmed desorption (NH₃-TPD), SEM-energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and transmission electron microscope (TEM)/HRTEM, were performed to reveal the textural, structural and morphological properties of the catalysts. Activity test indicated that the addition of moderate Co can improve the hydrogen selectivity and anti-coking ability compared with the mono-Ni/Ce-Al₂O₃ contrast catalyst. In addition, 12% Co showed the best catalytic activity in the series Co-Ni/Ce-Al₂O₃ catalysts. The results of catalysts characterizations of XRD and N₂ adsorption-desorption manifesting the metal-support interactions were significantly enhanced, and there was obvious synergistic effect between Ni and Co. Moreover, the introduction of 12% Co and 6% Ni did not exceed the monolayer saturation capacity of the Ce-Al₂O₃ support. Finally, 6 h stability test for the optimal catalyst 12%Co-Ni/Ce-Al₂O₃ demonstrated that the catalyst has good long-term stability to provide high hydrogen selectivity, as well as good resistance to coke deposition.