Objectives: This study compares the biofilm inhibition effects of denture cleaning tablets, carvacrol, and their combined use against Candida albicans on denture bases produced with different techniques. Additionally, the surface roughness and contact angles of these denture bases were evaluated. Materials and methods: Test samples were prepared from four different denture base materials (cold-polymerized, heat-polymerized, CAD/CAM milling, and 3D-printed). The surface roughness and contact angles of the test samples were measured using a profilometer and goniometer, respectively. For the evaluation of biofilm inhibition, samples were divided into 5 subgroups: Corega and carvacrol, separately and combined treatments, positive (inoculated with C. albicans) and negative control (non-inoculated with C. albicans, only medium). Biofilm mass was determined using the crystal violet method. An additional prepared test sample for each subgroup was examined under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: The surface roughness values of the 3D-printed test samples were found to be statistically higher than the other groups (P < .001). The water contact angle of all test materials was not statistically different from each other (P > .001). Corega and carvacrol, separately and combined, significantly decreased the amount of biofilm on all surfaces (P < .0001). Treatment of corega alone and in combination with carvacrol to the 3D-printed material caused less C. albicans inhibition than the other groups (P < .001; P < .05). Conclusions: The surface roughness values of all test groups were within the clinically acceptable threshold. Although Corega and carvacrol inhibited C. albicans biofilms, their combined use did not show a synergistic effect. Clinical relevance: Carvacrol may be used as one of the disinfectant agents for denture cleaning due to its biofilm inhibition property.

Using existing adrentimicrobials with essential oil components to prevent antimicrobial resistance is an alternative strategy. This study aimed to evaluate the resistance status, synergistic combinations, and in vitro biofilm formation activities of clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Candida albicans against antimicrobial agents and cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, eugenol, limonene and eucalyptol. Antimicrobial activities were evaluated by microdilution, cytotoxicity by XTT, synergy by checkerboard and time-kill, and biofilm inhibition by microplate methods. Cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol showed strong antimicrobial activity. Synergistic effects were observed when using all essential oils with antimicrobials. Only two C. albicans isolates showed antagonism with cinnamaldehyde and fluconazole. The constituents showed cytotoxic effects in the L929 cell line (except limonene). A time-kill analysis revealed a bacteriostatic effect on S. maltophilia and MRSA isolates and a fungicidal effect on C. albicans isolates. These results are important for further research to improve antimicrobial efficacy or to develop new agents.

Son yıllarda mikroplastiklerin insan sağlığına ve kapsamlı doğal çevreye etkisi konusunda artan endişeler var. Bu parçacıklar sabunlar, kişisel bakım ürünleri ve daha büyük plastik eşyaların kalıntıları gibi çeşitli kaynaklardan gelir. Mikroplastiklerin çevresel etkilerinin yanı sıra ekonomik etkileri de önemlidir; balıkçılık ve turizm gibi endüstriler çevredeki mikroplastiklerin varlığından etkilenmektedir. Endişe verici bir sorun olan plastik kirliliğine çözüm bulmak kolay olmasa da, bu sorunla ilgili geniş kapsamlı farkındalığın teşvik edilmesinin bazı olumlu etkileri olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışma ile sağlık hizmetleri meslek yüksekokulunda öğrenim gören öğrencilerin, mikroplastik kirliliği konusunda farkındalıklarının artırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, mikroplastik kirliliği konusunda öğrencilere eğitim verilmesi ve ön test-son test uygulaması yapılarak öğrencilerin farkındalıklarındaki değişimin ölçülmesi hedeflenmiştir. Mikroplastik Kirliliği Farkındalık Ölçeği, Lokman Hekim Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu Tıbbi Laboratuvar Teknikleri ve Eczane Hizmetleri Programlarında öğrenim gören 106 öğrenciye, mikroplastik kirliliği eğitimi vermeden önce ve verdikten sonra uygulanmıştır. Sonuçlar istatistiksel analizlerle değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda mikroplastik eğitimi verildikten sonra öğrencilerin mikrplastik kirliliği konusunda farkındalıklarının; yaş, cinsiyet, program ve sınıf gibi gruplar içerisinde önemli düzeyde arttığı görüldü (p

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of combinations of colistin (COL) with cinnamaldehyde (CIN) or eugenol (EUG) against planktonic and biofilm forms of colistin-resistant clinical Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of COL and essential oil components in 10 colistin-resistant clinical isolates were evaluated by the broth microdilution method. Interactions were classified by the fractional inhibitory concentration index (ΣFICI) using the checkerboard method. Biofilm formation was detected using the crystal violet method and the inhibitory effects of selected combination ratios on biofilm formation were evaluated in isolates showing synergy. In addition, the time-dependent effects of synergy combinations on 48-h pre-formed biofilm biomass were examined. Results: Median MIC values of COL, CIN, and EUG were 8 (4–32), 128 (128–128), and 512 (256–1024) µg/mL, respectively. In combination, the MIC of COL decreased to 1 (0.5–16) µg/mL with CIN and to 2 (0.5-8) µg/mL with EUG ( p = 0.002). Synergy was observed in half of the isolates in both combinations (median ΣFICI: 0.532 and 0.469). Three isolates formed strong biofilms and seven formed moderate biofilms. Biofilm inhibition ranged from 1.1% to 50.5% for COL-CIN combination and from 11.7% to 80.0% for the COL-EUG combination. In 48-h pre-formed biofilms, the residual biomass at 24 h was significantly lower than that at 1 h for both combinations ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: COL-CIN and COL-EUG combinations reduced MICs in colistin-resistant A. baumannii and decreased both biofilm formation and 48-h pre-formed biofilm biomass. These findings are promising for combination-based antibiofilm strategies.

1. Plastic production has increased significantly over the past decades, rising from 2 million tonnes in the 1950s to more than 359 million tonnes in 2018. Due to their durability and resistance to...