This study examined the degradation of oil paint coatings on wood under UV light and heat, focusing on three drying oils: tung oil (TO), linseed oil (LO), and walnut oil (WO). Model coatings were prepared with malachite pigment on rubber wood, then exposed to 240 h of UV light at temperatures of 40 °C, 50 °C, and 60 °C. The results showed that tung oil (TO) was the most prone to degradation. After exposure to 60 °C, the lightness (L value) of TO decreased from 51.44 to 50.98, while LO and WO maintained higher lightness. The color differences (ΔE) for TO, LO, and WO were 3.08, 3.26, and 2.87, respectively. Gloss measurements revealed that TO had the lowest initial gloss (3.87 GU), while WO had the highest gloss value. After UV exposure, all three coatings showed a decrease in gloss to varying degrees. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed oxidative degradation in TO, characterized by increased hydroxyl and carbonyl bands, while LO and WO exhibited better chemical stability. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that the surface of TO was the roughest, while the WO surface was the smoothest. After UV exposure, the surface of TO became significantly rougher, while the WO coating showed almost no changes, maintaining better structural integrity. The results suggest that LO and WO are more resilient to UV light and thermal stress, making them more suitable for protecting wooden products.

Wooden magnetic activated carbon fibers (WMACFs) with hierarchical pore structures were obtained by adding magnetic iron oxide (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles into the liquefied wood. The structures and properties of WMACFs were analyzed by scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), N₂ adsorption, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results showed that WMACFs had high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area (1578 m²/g) and total pore volume (0.929 cm³/g), of which 45% was the contribution of small mesopores of 2–3 nm. It is believed that Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles play an important role in the formation of hierarchical pores. With the Fe₃O₄ content increasing, the yield rate of WMACFs decreased, and the Fe₃O₄ crystal plane diffraction peaks and characteristic adsorption peaks were obviously observed. At the same time, it was also found that WMACFs had favorable magnetic properties when the Fe₃O₄ content was above 1.5%. As a result, WMACFs could be a promising candidate for high efficiency, low cost, and convenient separation for the magnetic field.

Heat treatment was an eco-friendly modification technology for rubberwood, without the addition of chemical reagents into the wood and wood performance has been improved remarkably. Many effluents are generated from heat-treated rubberwood process, which were rarely researched. The effluents contain relatively high content of volatile organic compounds, which may seriously threaten the environment and human health. In this study, effluents condensated during different heat-treated stages (125 ℃, 145 ℃, 175 ℃, 185 ℃, 215 ℃) and frequently used industrial heat treatment production technology (185 ℃/3 h, 215 ℃/3 h) were characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The effluents were classified as aldehydes, phenols, esters, ketones, acids, alcohols, alkanes, anhydride, aromatics and compounds released the most during all heat-treated stages were aldehydes. With the temperature increased, the relative amounts of aldehydes decreased, while the ketones, esters and aromatics increased under acidic constituents (pH ranged from 4.17 to 2.47) and high moisture condition. The vanillin and coniferyl aldehyde accounted for much higher proportion in the aldehydes. The mass loss of rubberwood was larger under 215 ℃/3 h (16.61%), correspondingly the effluents had more kinds of compounds at 215 ℃. These results would provide guidance for research of effluent disposal and transform biomass residues into valuable things.