Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has been accepted as a reliable tool in diagnosing and staging intra-abdominal tumors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the performance of EUS-FNA in the evaluation of liver masses and its impact on patient management and procedure-related complications retrospectively. Data of patients who underwent EUS-FNA biopsies due to liver masses between November 2017 and July 2018 were retrieved retrospectively. Biopsies were performed using 22-G needles. The demographics, EUS-FNA results, sensitivity and specificity of the procedure, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, and specimen sufficiency rates were assessed. A total of 25 patients (10 females) were included in the study. The mean age was 62.73±15.2 years. The mean size of the masses was 34.50±16.04 mm. The technical success rate was 88%. During the EUS-FNA procedure, each patient had only one pass with 94.45% of aspirate sufficiency rate and 86.3% of biopsy sufficiency rate. The diagnostic accuracy rate was 86.3%. There were no complications. For the evaluation of liver masses, EUS-FNA using a 22-G needle with even one pass had high aspiration and biopsy success rates accompanied with high diagnostic accuracy rates.

There are no publications in literature describing an association between disorders of the ligaments and tendons supporting the foot arch and osteochondral lesions of the talus (OCLT). We believe there may be a correlation between the damage of these structures. To investigate the pathologies of main ligaments and tendons that support the foot arch in sprained ankles, by reviewing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies and comparing the results in two groups of patients, with and without OCLT. MR images from 316 patients examined in the orthopedic clinic for ankle sprain were evaluated for pathologic findings of the plantar fascia, short and long plantar ligaments, spring ligament, sinus tarsi, and ankle tendons supporting the foot arch. Findings were compared between two groups of patients: 158 patients with OCLT and 158 patients without OCLT. Plantar fascia, short plantar ligament, and spring ligament abnormalities were seen in 50 (31.6%), 28 (17.7%), and 60 (38%) patients with OCLT, and in nine (5.6%), three (1.9%), and 18 (11.4%) patients without OCLT, respectively (P < 0.05). Sinus tarsi and tendon abnormalities were seen in 11 (6.7%) and nine (5.7%) patients with OCLT, and in eight (5%) and eight (5%) patients without OCLT, respectively (P > 0.05). Two or more associated abnormalities were present in 50 (31.6%) patients with OCLT and in 11 (6.7%) without OCLT (P < 0.05). Plantar fascia, short plantar ligament, and spring ligament abnormalities were commonly seen in patients with OCLT on MRI, while sinus tarsi and tendon abnormalities were not. Concomitant pathologies have an increased incidence in patients with OCLT.

PURPOSE We aimed to evaluate BIRADS-3 breast lesions with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and compare with histopathology, and to investigate the effectiveness of breast MRI for follow-up and management. METHODS A total of 84 BIRADS-3 lesions reported by US at mammography and evaluated by DCE-MRI between September 2014 and October 2015 were included in this study. All patients underwent percutaneous or surgical biopsy for histopathologic diagnosis. Morphologic and kinematic features on MRI were compared with histopathologic results. RESULTS Of the 84 BIRADS-3 breast lesions, 9 (10.7%) had malignant features on DCE-MRI and all were verified with histopathologic results. DCE-MRI had 96.7% sensitivity, 72% specificity, 92% positive predictive value, arid 82.5% negative predictive value. MRI arid histopathology results were correlated for the diagnosis of malignant lesions. The sensitivity arid negative predictive value of MRI for diagnosis of malignant lesions were both 100%. CONCLUSION Differentiation of benign versus malignant lesions was accomplished with 100% accuracy with DCE-MRI. We suggest that DCE-MRI should be an additional diagnostic tool and problem-solving modality for BIRADS-3 lesions, particularly in patients with relative risk factors.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy that occurs when the median nerve is compressed within the carpal tunnel. Electromyography (EMG) is accepted as the most frequently used and important diagnostic method for CTS. Recently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has begun to be used in CTS patients to directly visualize the median nerve and examine the changes occurring in the nerve structure. In this study, the area of the median nerve was measured at various levels in the wrist in patients with CTS using MRI, examining its relationship with signal increase, and comparing this to results obtained with EMG. Overall, 35 patients diagnosed with CTS were included in the study. Patients with normal-mild and moderate-severe EMG tests were included in the study; wrist MRI was taken to investigate the area/mm2 of the median nerve at various levels and whether there was an increase in signal. Thenar muscles included in the imaging were also evaluated. Of the 35 patients included in the study, 24 were women (68.6%) and 11 were men (31.4%). Measurements of the average median nerve area measured in mm2 at the distal radioulnar junction (DRUJ) and the median nerve area measured in mm2 at the hamate bone level were obtained, showing that DRUJ and hamate bone distance measurements were higher in patients with positive EMG. Electromyography findings were also significantly positive in patients with increased signal. In some cases, the diagnosis of CTS can be easily made with history and physical examination or employing confirmatory tests such as EMG, which is considered the gold standard. Magnetic resonsnace imaging can be used as an alternative method for imaging the median nerve in patients with CTS. In our study, EMG findings were also significantly positive in patients with increased signal on MRI, making it a preferable method, especially in soft tissue-related pathological cases.

KEY WORDS: Aprosencephaly and cerebellar dysgenesis [supplementary concept]; Dermoid cyst; Encephalocele

Although several studies were conducted to put forth the biomechanical function of anterior intermeniscal ligament (AIML) on the stability of meniscal structures, there are few data on the etiology of the early degeneration of discoid type compared to the normal shaped ones. To determine the AIML subtypes and accompanying meniscal pathologies in discoid lateral menisci (DLM) on knee MRI exams. Knee MRI exams of 171 individuals with DLM were reviewed. DLMs and AIMLs were typed according to Watanabe’s classification and Nelson-Laprade classification, respectively. Medial and lateral menisci were evaluated for tear and menisco-capsular pathology. Pearson’s correlation test was used for statistical analysis. DLM was type I in 83 (48.5%) individuals and type II in 88 (51.5%) individuals. AIML was absent in 90 (52.6%) participants; type I AIML was seen in 38 out 81 (22.2%), type II in 31 out of 81(18.1%), and type III in 12 out of 81 (7%). Meniscal pathology was observed in 56 (32.7%) individuals as follows: menisco-capsular strain/separation in 25 (14.6%); medial meniscal tear in 22 (12.8%); and lateral meniscal tear in nine (5.2%); Of these 56 cases, 26 (46%) had no AIML, 15 cases (27%) had type I, nine cases (16%) had type II, and six cases (11%) had type III AIML. No statistically significant correlation was found between the type of DLM and type of AIML (P = 0.855), between the type of DLM and meniscal pathology (P = 0.791), or between the type of AIML and meniscal pathology (P = 0.282).