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Prof. José Sánchez-Fernández
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Hydropower
0 Renewable Energy
0 wind energy conversion system
0 Grid integration of variable renewable energy sources
0 Measurement and Instrumentation

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Journal article
Published: 28 November 2020 in Sensors
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There are several techniques for current measurement. Most of them are capable of measuring both alternating and direct current (AC/DC) components. However, they have severe drawbacks for rotating applications (large size, sensitivity to external fields, and low signal amplitude). In addition to these weaknesses, measured signals should be transmitted to a stationary part. In order to contribute solving these difficulties, this paper presents a sensor that can measure AC/DC simultaneously based on the electromagnetic coupling of two coils. To this aim, the measured waveform is analysed. In this paper, the design of such a sensor is presented. This design is validated through computer simulations and a prototype is built. The performance of this sensor prototype is analysed through experimental tests.

ACS Style

Miguel Angel Pardo-Vicente; Carlos A. Platero; José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández; Francisco Blázquez. AC/DC Current Sensor for Rotating Applications. Sensors 2020, 20, 6811 .

AMA Style

Miguel Angel Pardo-Vicente, Carlos A. Platero, José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández, Francisco Blázquez. AC/DC Current Sensor for Rotating Applications. Sensors. 2020; 20 (23):6811.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Miguel Angel Pardo-Vicente; Carlos A. Platero; José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández; Francisco Blázquez. 2020. "AC/DC Current Sensor for Rotating Applications." Sensors 20, no. 23: 6811.

Journal article
Published: 26 July 2020 in Sensors
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Electrical industry uses oils for cooling and insulation of several machines, such as power transformers. In addition, it uses water for cooling some synchronous generators. To avoid malfunctions in these assets, fluid quality should be preserved. To contribute to this aim, a sensor that detects changes in fluid composition is presented. The designed sensor is like a single-phase transformer whose magnetic core is the fluid whose properties will be measured. The response of this device to a frequency sweep is recorded. Through a comparison between any measurement and a reference one corresponding to a healthy state, pollutants presence, such as water in oil or salt in water, can be measured. The performance of the sensor was analyzed through simulation. In addition, a prototype was built and tested measuring water concentration in oil and salt content in water. The correlation between pollutant concentration measured with the sensor and known pollutant concentrations is good.

ACS Style

Jose M. Guerrero; Alejandro E. Castilla; José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández; Carlos A. Platero. Fluid Degradation Measurement Based on a Dual Coil Frequency Response Analysis. Sensors 2020, 20, 4155 .

AMA Style

Jose M. Guerrero, Alejandro E. Castilla, José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández, Carlos A. Platero. Fluid Degradation Measurement Based on a Dual Coil Frequency Response Analysis. Sensors. 2020; 20 (15):4155.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jose M. Guerrero; Alejandro E. Castilla; José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández; Carlos A. Platero. 2020. "Fluid Degradation Measurement Based on a Dual Coil Frequency Response Analysis." Sensors 20, no. 15: 4155.

Journal article
Published: 26 May 2020 in Sensors
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Nowadays, non-toroidal shape primary pass-through current transformers are commonly used for large current machines with several cables per phase. As these transformers exhibit no radial symmetry, it is not clear if they can be tested using the indirect test described in the IEC 61869 standard. In order to answer this question, two non-toroidal shaped current transformers of different secondary winding designs have been tested and simulated. One transformer has a uniformly distributed secondary winding and the other has a partially distributed secondary winding. Both transformers have the same nameplate characteristics. Both perform correctly in the indirect test. However, only the transformer with the uniformly distributed secondary winding performs correctly in a direct test. A finite element simulation shows that the iron core of the partially distributed secondary winding transformer was saturated, while the iron core of the uniformly distributed one was not. This result explains their different performance. The main conclusion is that the indirect test is not sensitive enough to cover all cases and therefore under doubtful situations, the transformers should be tested using the direct test.

ACS Style

Carlos A. Platero; José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández; Konstantinos N. Gyftakis; Francisco Blázquez; Ricardo Granizo. Performance Problems of Non-Toroidal Shaped Current Transformers. Sensors 2020, 20, 3025 .

AMA Style

Carlos A. Platero, José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández, Konstantinos N. Gyftakis, Francisco Blázquez, Ricardo Granizo. Performance Problems of Non-Toroidal Shaped Current Transformers. Sensors. 2020; 20 (11):3025.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carlos A. Platero; José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández; Konstantinos N. Gyftakis; Francisco Blázquez; Ricardo Granizo. 2020. "Performance Problems of Non-Toroidal Shaped Current Transformers." Sensors 20, no. 11: 3025.

Journal article
Published: 16 January 2020 in Sustainability
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This paper analyzes the operating efficiency of a hybrid wind–hydro power plant located in El Hierro Island. This plant combines a wind farm (11.48 MW) and a pumped storage power plant (11.32 MW). It was built with the aim of supplying the island demand from renewable energy instead of using existing diesel units. The paper discusses several operational strategies and proposes an efficiency metric. Using 10 min data, the operation of this power plant has been simulated. From these simulations (more than 50,000 for a year), the operating efficiency and the percentage of demand covered from renewable energy is obtained. The difference between the worst and the best strategy is a twofold increase in efficiency. Moreover, the results of the simulations are compared with the system operational history since June 2015 (when the wind–hydro power plant started operation) until 2018. These comparisons show a reasonable agreement between simulations and operational history.

ACS Style

Francisco Briongos; Carlos A. Platero; José A. Sánchez-Fernández; Christophe Nicolet. Evaluation of the Operating Efficiency of a Hybrid Wind–Hydro Powerplant. Sustainability 2020, 12, 668 .

AMA Style

Francisco Briongos, Carlos A. Platero, José A. Sánchez-Fernández, Christophe Nicolet. Evaluation of the Operating Efficiency of a Hybrid Wind–Hydro Powerplant. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (2):668.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francisco Briongos; Carlos A. Platero; José A. Sánchez-Fernández; Christophe Nicolet. 2020. "Evaluation of the Operating Efficiency of a Hybrid Wind–Hydro Powerplant." Sustainability 12, no. 2: 668.

Journal article
Published: 23 October 2018 in Energies
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Frequency control is one of the most critical tasks in isolated power systems, especially in high renewable penetration scenarios. This paper presents a new hydropower pumped-storage dual control strategy that combines variable-speed-driven pumps and fixed-speed-driven pumps. A possible case for implementation of such a control scheme is described based on El Hierro Island’s power system. This isolated power system consists of a hybrid wind pumped-storage hydropower plant and diesel generators. The pumped-storage power plant is divided into a hydropower plant equipped with four Pelton turbines and a pump station equipped with both fixed- and variable-speed pumps. According to the proposed control scheme, frequency regulation will be provided by a dual controller: a continuous controller for the variable-speed pumps and a discrete controller for the fixed-speed pumps. The Pelton units, which operate as synchronous condensers, also supply the power system inertia. Therefore, diesel units may be disconnected, decreasing generation costs and greenhouse gas emissions. Owing to the combination of both controllers and the inertia of the Pelton units, an acceptable frequency regulation can be achieved. This technique has been validated through computer simulations.

ACS Style

José Ignacio Sarasúa; Guillermo Martínez-Lucas; Carlos A. Platero; José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández. Dual Frequency Regulation in Pumping Mode in a Wind–Hydro Isolated System. Energies 2018, 11, 2865 .

AMA Style

José Ignacio Sarasúa, Guillermo Martínez-Lucas, Carlos A. Platero, José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández. Dual Frequency Regulation in Pumping Mode in a Wind–Hydro Isolated System. Energies. 2018; 11 (11):2865.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José Ignacio Sarasúa; Guillermo Martínez-Lucas; Carlos A. Platero; José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández. 2018. "Dual Frequency Regulation in Pumping Mode in a Wind–Hydro Isolated System." Energies 11, no. 11: 2865.

Journal article
Published: 19 January 2018 in Energies
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Currently, some small islands with high wind potential are trying to reduce the environmental and economic impact of fossil fuels by using renewable resources. Nevertheless, the characteristics of these renewable resources negatively affect the quality of the electrical energy, causing frequency disturbances, especially in isolated systems. In this study, the combined contribution to frequency regulation of variable speed wind turbines (VSWT) and a pump storage hydropower plant (PSHP) is analyzed. Different control strategies, using the kinetic energy stored in the VSWT, are studied: inertial, proportional, and their combination. In general, the gains of the VSWT controller for interconnected systems proposed in the literature are not adequate for isolated systems. Therefore, a methodology to adjust the controllers, based on exhaustive searches, is proposed for each of the control strategies. The control strategies and methodology have been applied to a hybrid wind–hydro power plant on El Hierro Island in the Canary archipelago. At present, in this isolated power system, frequency regulation is only provided by the PSHP and diesel generators. The improvements in the quality of frequency regulation, including the VSWT contribution, have been proven based on simulating different events related to wind speed, or variations in the power demand.

ACS Style

Guillermo Martínez-Lucas; José Ignacio Sarasúa; José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández. Frequency Regulation of a Hybrid Wind–Hydro Power Plant in an Isolated Power System. Energies 2018, 11, 239 .

AMA Style

Guillermo Martínez-Lucas, José Ignacio Sarasúa, José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández. Frequency Regulation of a Hybrid Wind–Hydro Power Plant in an Isolated Power System. Energies. 2018; 11 (1):239.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guillermo Martínez-Lucas; José Ignacio Sarasúa; José Ángel Sánchez-Fernández. 2018. "Frequency Regulation of a Hybrid Wind–Hydro Power Plant in an Isolated Power System." Energies 11, no. 1: 239.

Journal article
Published: 09 July 2012 in Energies
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Massive integration of renewable energy sources in electrical power systems of remote islands is a subject of current interest. The increasing cost of fossil fuels, transport costs to isolated sites and environmental concerns constitute a serious drawback to the use of conventional fossil fuel plants. In a weak electrical grid, as it is typical on an island, if a large amount of conventional generation is substituted by renewable energy sources, power system safety and stability can be compromised, in the case of large grid disturbances. In this work, a model for transient stability analysis of an isolated electrical grid exclusively fed from a combination of renewable energy sources has been studied. This new generation model will be installed in El Hierro Island, in Spain. Additionally, an operation strategy to coordinate the generation units (wind, hydro) is also established. Attention is given to the assessment of inertial energy and reactive current to guarantee power system stability against large disturbances. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is shown by means of simulation results.

ACS Style

Julia Merino; Carlos Veganzones; Jose A. Sanchez; Sergio Martinez; Carlos A. Platero. Power System Stability of a Small Sized Isolated Network Supplied by a Combined Wind-Pumped Storage Generation System: A Case Study in the Canary Islands. Energies 2012, 5, 2351 -2369.

AMA Style

Julia Merino, Carlos Veganzones, Jose A. Sanchez, Sergio Martinez, Carlos A. Platero. Power System Stability of a Small Sized Isolated Network Supplied by a Combined Wind-Pumped Storage Generation System: A Case Study in the Canary Islands. Energies. 2012; 5 (7):2351-2369.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Julia Merino; Carlos Veganzones; Jose A. Sanchez; Sergio Martinez; Carlos A. Platero. 2012. "Power System Stability of a Small Sized Isolated Network Supplied by a Combined Wind-Pumped Storage Generation System: A Case Study in the Canary Islands." Energies 5, no. 7: 2351-2369.