Bullying victimization is consistently associated with depressive symptoms among adolescents, yet the psychological processes underlying this association remain insufficiently understood, particularly among multicultural adolescents. This study tested a theoretically specified serial mediation model involving acculturative stress and ego-resiliency and further explored item-level conditional associations among the study variables. Cross-sectional data were obtained from 1338 multicultural adolescents in South Korea who participated in the fifth wave (2015) of the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study (MAPS). Serial mediation analysis (PROCESS Model 6) was performed to examine the mediating roles of acculturative stress and ego-resiliency. A Gaussian graphical network was subsequently estimated to identify central nodes, bridge nodes, and node predictability among bullying victimization, acculturative stress, ego-resiliency, and depressive symptoms. Bullying victimization was positively associated with depressive symptoms. Significant indirect associations were observed through acculturative stress and ego-resiliency, both independently and through the theoretically specified serial pathway. In the network, physical aggression (BV4), appearance-related humiliation (BV6), and peer exclusion (BV1) occupied relatively central positions. Rumor spreading (BV5) showed the highest bridge expected influence, whereas BV4 and BV6 showed the highest bridge strength. Acculturative-stress items demonstrated the highest average node predictability. Bullying victimization was associated with depressive symptoms among multicultural adolescents in South Korea, with significant indirect associations involving greater acculturative stress and lower ego-resiliency. Serial mediation and network analyses provided complementary construct- and item-level perspectives, but the cross-sectional findings should be interpreted as associational rather than causal.

As livestreaming e-commerce rapidly expands, impulsive buying has become increasingly prominent in online consumption. However, although prior studies have examined impulsive buying in general e-commerce contexts, little attention has been paid to impulsive buying in sports livestreaming e-commerce. Drawing on the stimulus-organism-response framework and Dual-System Theory, this study examined the associations among consumer herding tendency, perceived scarcity, hedonic benefits of sales promotion tools, pleasure emotion, trust in seller, and impulsive buying. A cross-sectional self-report survey was conducted with 775 university students in eastern China with prior purchase experience in sports livestreaming e-commerce, and the model was analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling. The results showed that consumer herding tendency, perceived scarcity, and hedonic benefits of sales promotion tools were positively associated with pleasure emotion and trust in seller. Perceived scarcity showed the strongest path coefficient with trust in seller. Trust in seller and pleasure emotion were positively associated with impulsive buying, whereas self-control was negatively associated with impulsive buying. Specific indirect associations through trust in seller were generally stronger than those through pleasure emotion. The moderating effect of self-control was not significant, and the gender-based multi-group analysis revealed no significant differences between male and female consumers. Given the cross-sectional self-report design, these findings should be interpreted as associations rather than causal effects.