Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a significant cause of cancer-related mortality in women globally, with a five-year survival rate of approximately 49%. Standard therapy involves cytoreductive surgery followed by chemotherapy. Its poor prognosis has driven interest in alternative therapies such as targeted molecular agents like bevacizumab and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi). Materials and Methods: This review systematically searched PubMed from January 2018 to December 2023 for studies on PARPi in OC. Emphasis was on identifying relevant Phase III trials, extracting data on study design, patient demographics, and outcomes. Special focus was on assessing PARPi efficacy, safety, impact on quality of life, and ongoing trials, including those on Clinicaltrials.gov. Results: The efficacy of PARPi in first-line therapy for OC has been extensively studied. Trials like SOLO-1, PRIMA, and ATHENA-MONO have demonstrated significant improvements in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), particularly in patients with BRCA mutations. Additionally, the combination of PARPi with other agents like bevacizumab has shown promising results in extending PFS. However, PARPi treatment is associated with various adverse effects, including hematologic toxicities like anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia. While most adverse events are manageable, some patients may require dose adjustments or discontinuation of treatment. Importantly, PARPi maintenance therapy has not adversely affected health-related quality of life (HRQoL), with studies reporting similar HRQoL scores between PARPi-treated and placebo-treated patients. Conclusions: PARPi offer effective treatment with manageable side effects, suitable even for medically fragile patients. Individualized dosing can optimize benefits while minimizing adverse events. Exploring diverse treatment approaches, particularly in patients with limited life expectancy or high disease burden, could improve outcomes. Ongoing research is investigating alternative therapies and combinations to broaden treatment options. Combining bevacizumab with PARPi may be justified for first-line and recurrent maintenance therapy. Regardless of mutational status, PARPi should be considered for maintenance therapy in newly diagnosed advanced OC. Platinum sensitivity remains crucial for treatment decisions and predicting survival outcomes.

Introduction: Transobturator midurethral slings (MUSs) are commonly used to treat female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Despite their high success rates, postoperative complications such as voiding dysfunction (VD) and de novo overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms may affect quality of life (QoL). This study aims to evaluate patient-reported outcomes regarding bladder dysfunction (VD and OAB) and SUI resolution. Methods: Patients undergoing transvaginal tension-free vaginal tape-obturator (TVT-O) for SUI without detrusor overactivity were enrolled from April 2018 to April 2023. Final 12-month follow-up was completed in April 2024. Follow-up at 6 and 12 months included physical examination, stress tests, and a 3-day voiding diary. The Urinary Symptom Profile (USP) questionnaire was administered at 12 months. A VAS score evaluated the subjective bother of voiding dysfunction. Objective cure was defined as a negative stress test at follow-up. Changes in daily leakage episodes were assessed using the 3-day voiding diary. Results: Ninety-two patients were enrolled, of whom eight-nine completed the 6- and 12-month follow-up and were included in the final analysis. The objective cure rate was, respectively, 93% at 6 months and 89% at 12 months. The USP questionnaire administered at 12 months showed that the SUI domain score was 0 in 80.9% of patients. De novo urgency was reported in 44% of patients. Urge incontinence and nocturia occurred, respectively, in 33% and 8% of patients. Patient-reported voiding symptoms, defined as LS $\ge 1$, were observed in 58.4% of patients. Among patients with LS $\ge 1$, 38/52 (73.1%) reported tolerable bother (VAS < 5), whereas 14/52 (26.9%) reported clinically important or intolerable bother (VAS $\ge 5$). Conclusions: TVT-O was associated with a high objective cure rate; however, patient-reported OAB and voiding symptoms were common at 12 months. These findings support a more comprehensive informed consent process for patients undergoing TVT-O surgery in order to increase patient awareness of the potential development of OAB and VD following the surgical procedure.