A osteoartrite (OA) é uma doença degenerativa crônica caracterizada pela degradação da cartilagem articular. Clinicamente, a OA manifesta-se por dor articular, crepitação, rigidez matinal e atrofia muscular. As abordagens terapêuticas incluem mudanças dietéticas, redução de peso, limitações de atividades, analgésicos, anti-inflamatórios, infiltrações com corticosteroides e intervenções cirúrgicas. O manejo conservador controla a dor, melhorar a mobilidade e a qualidade de vida através de controle de peso, fisioterapia e medicamentos, embora esses tratamentos tenham efeitos limitados a longo prazo. Aspiração de medula óssea surge como uma terapia celular promissora por ser menos invasiva e mais eficaz, utilizando células-tronco autólogas. Pesquisas exploram o uso do Decanoato de Nandrolona no tratamento da osteoporose e lesões ósseas, sugerindo que ele estimula o crescimento ósseo e a regeneração celular. A síndrome metabólica (SM) também contribui para a OA ao causar inflamação sistêmica. A cartilagem articular é um tecido alto conteúdo de água e compostos orgânicos como colágeno tipo II e proteoglicanas. Condrócitos regulam homeostase da matriz através de fatores de crescimento e citocinas, enquanto enzimas e citocinas como IL-1 e FNT-a promovem a degradação da matriz. Células-tronco mesenquimais (MSCs) têm alta plasticidade e podem se diferenciar em vários tipos de tecidos, oferecendo perspectivas promissoras para a terapia celular. A terapia com células-tronco oferece potencial regenerativo significativo, mas requer mais pesquisas e regulamentações. É essencial um diagnóstico abrangente e uma abordagem terapêutica que considere o indivíduo como um todo, educando os pacientes sobre a OA e incentivando mudanças de hábitos para uma melhor gestão da doença.

Introdução: A Ginástica Rítmica (GR) integra treinamento de alta performance, educação e influências culturais. O desempenho depende de coordenação motora e flexibilidade. No Brasil, lesões em tornozelo e joelho são comuns. A propriocepção é crucial na prevenção de lesões. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo de caso com nove atletas femininas de GR (13-16 anos) da UNOPAR. Controle postural avaliado com a plataforma de força BIOMEC400, medindo deslocamento e velocidade de oscilação do COP. Dados coletados antes e após três fases do programa de exercícios sensório-motores, realizados três vezes por semana. Análise estatística com ANOVA de medidas repetidas e correções, significância de 5%. Resultados: Após 90 dias, houve melhora significativa no equilíbrio postural. A área do COP e as velocidades de oscilação diminuíram nas posições bipodal e unipodal. Discussão: O treinamento proprioceptivo melhorou o equilíbrio postural e a estabilidade articular, conforme indicado pela redução na área do COP e velocidades de oscilação. Conclusão: O protocolo proprioceptivo específico melhorou significativamente o equilíbrio e a estabilidade postural em atletas de GR.

O absenteísmo é caracterizado com a ausência do trabalhador ao trabalho. As causas e origens do absenteísmo são multifatoriais, podendo ser dividido em absenteísmo voluntário, absenteísmo por doença, absenteísmo por acidente ou doença laboral, absenteísmo legal e absenteísmo compulsório. Um dos possíveis fatores de afastamento no trabalho é a atividade laboral. O objetivo da presente pesquisa visa identificar as principais causas de absenteísmo por doença junto aos servidores da justiça estadual brasileira. Trata-se de estudo transversal e descritivo realizado com base nos afastamentos por doença, concedidos a servidores da justiça estadual brasileira, no ano de 2023. Onde os dados foram acessados no “Painel – Acompanhamento da Política de Atenção Integral à Saúde de Magistrados e Servidores do Poder Judiciário”, disponibilizado pelo Conselho Nacional de Justiça. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que os transtornos mentais e de comportamento (CID F), as Doenças do sistema osteomuscular e do tecido conjuntivo (CID M) e algumas doenças infecciosas e parasitárias (CID B) estão entre as principais causas de absenteísmo-doença na justiça estadual brasileira. Entretanto, foi identificado que cada tribunal tem sua peculiaridade, sendo necessária a implantação de programas de promoção de saúde para enfrentamento das principais causas de adoecimento no respectivo tribunal.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease in adults and the elderly, characterized by joint stiffness, pain, and disability due to cartilage degeneration. The aging population and rising obesity rates are expected to increase OA's global impact. Treatments include pharmacological, non-pharmacological, alternative therapies, and surgical options like Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA). THA, a procedure to replace the hip joint with a prosthesis, is highly effective and widely performed, especially using the posterior and direct anterior surgical approaches. Material and Methods: This systematic review follows the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42024549538). The aim of his study is to compare the functional outcomes of posterior and direct anterior approaches in THA. It includes randomized clinical trials (RCTs) from 2019-2024 involving patients over 45 undergoing unilateral THA for OA. Data extraction focused on physical capacity, pain, and activity. Quality assessment employed the PEDro bias risk scale. Results and Discussion: Out of 605 articles, three RCTs met the inclusion criteria, involving 185 participants. Studies showed no significant differences in functional outcomes between the approaches, though the direct anterior approach (DAA) had slightly higher scores in some tests. Complications varied, with DAA showing a higher incidence of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injuries. Despite minor differences, both approaches were effective. Conclusion: Both the posterior and direct anterior approaches to THA are effective, with no significant differences in long-term functional outcomes. However, DAA may lead to more lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injuries. More detailed clinical trials are needed to refine surgical protocols and optimize outcomes for different patient contexts. Limitations: The main limitation is the small number of reviewed articles, highlighting the need for more updated and long-term RCTs comparing these specific surgical approaches.

Background: Cataracts are a major cause of reversible visual impairment worldwide, particularly among older adults. Visual deterioration associated with cataracts may compromise spatial perception, postural control, and balance, thereby increasing the risk of falls. In this context, cataract surgery has emerged not only as an effective intervention for visual rehabilitation but also as a potential strategy to improve mobility and functional performance in aging populations. Objective: The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate the impact of cataract surgery on postural control, balance, and fall risk in adults and older individuals by comparing preoperative and postoperative outcomes. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following a protocol registered in PROSPERO. Searches were initially conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus on 20 October 2025, and rerun on 10 March 2026, which was considered the final search date. Twelve studies were included, encompassing prospective cohorts, retrospective population-based analyses, and comparative studies. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE framework, and the methodological quality of individual studies was evaluated using JBI critical checklists. Results: The included studies generally reported improvements in visual function following cataract surgery, while several studies also reported favorable changes in postural stability, functional balance, and fall-related outcomes. However, findings varied according to study design, outcome definition, surgical timing, and follow-up period. Some studies reported more favorable fall-related and postural outcomes after second-eye surgery; however, the observational nature of the evidence and heterogeneity across studies preclude determining whether bilateral surgery itself caused these improvements. Conclusions: Cataract surgery appears to be associated with improved visual and postural function and, in several studies, with reduced fall incidence, particularly after bilateral correction. However, due to substantial heterogeneity, the predominance of observational evidence, and discordant findings on severe injurious outcomes, the certainty of this effect remains limited. The procedure should be regarded as a component of visual rehabilitation that may coincide with reduced fall risk in selected contexts, rather than a universal prevention strategy. Further prospective studies with standardized outcomes are needed to clarify the relationship between cataract surgery, visual function, postural control, and fall-related outcomes.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis is a highly prevalent degenerative condition, characterized by chronic pain, joint stiffness, and functional limitation, with a significant impact on quality of life. Conventional therapies have limited efficacy, especially in the moderate and advanced stages of the disease. In this context, biological therapies, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and stromal stem cells, have been investigated as promising alternatives due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative potential. Objectives: To analyze the clinical, structural, and safety outcomes of platelet-rich plasma and mesenchymal stromal/stem cell-based therapies in adults with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: This is a systematic review registered in PROSPERO (CRD4202.51153170). Only randomized controlled trials were eligible involving adults with knee osteoarthritis treated with PRP and/or stromal stem cells, either alone or in combination, were included. The searches were conducted in the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Virtual Health Library databases. The assessment of the risk of bias was conducted using the RoB 2 tool, and the certainty of the evidence was analyzed using the GRADE system. Results: However, substantial heterogeneity in cell sources, doses, administration protocols, comparators, and follow-up periods limits direct comparisons and prevents the definition of a standardized therapeutic approach. The available evidence suggests potential clinical benefits of cellular therapies for knee osteoarthritis; however, substantial heterogeneity in cell sources, doses, administration protocols, comparators, and follow-up periods limits the ability to define a standardized therapeutic approach. Clinical improvements were reported across several stem cell-based protocols, although the magnitude and duration of these effects varied among studies. The structural effects on cartilage were variable, with limited evidence of consistent cartilage regeneration. Conclusions: PRP and stromal stem cells present relevant clinical benefits in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis, especially in pain reduction and functional improvement. PRP and mesenchymal stromal/stem cell-based therapies may provide improvements in pain and joint function in patients with knee osteoarthritis. However, the heterogeneity of cellular sources, treatment protocols, comparators, and follow-up periods limits direct comparisons and conclusions regarding superiority. Evidence regarding structural outcomes and long-term effects remains uncertain, supporting the need for further well-designed randomized controlled trials with standardized protocols and longer follow-up.