A simple, rapid and green methodology to synthesize cyclic dithiocarbamates (compounds 1-9) was developed by the reaction of 1° amines, CS2 and ethyl 3-bromo-2-oxopropanoate (ethyl bromopyruvate) facilitated by Triton-B as phase transfer catalyst. These compounds (1-9) were characterized with the help of elemental analysis, IR, NMR and mass spectroscopic methods This efficient green approach requires mild conditions and gives good yield of product. In vitro antimicrobial activities of these compounds are reported against the pathogenic bacteria and fungi.

A series of macrocyclic complexes are synthesized by condensation of acetonylacetone and carbohydrazide in the presence of divalent metal salts in methanol. The complexes are [M(TML)X₂], where M = Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II); X = Cl⁻, , CH₃COO⁻ and TML is a tetradentate macrocyclic ligand. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses, conductance measurements, magnetic measurements, NMR, infrared, and electronic spectral studies. The low value of molar conductance indicates non-electrolytes. A six-coordinate geometry with trans coordination of monodentate ligands may be proposed for all the complexes. All the metal complexes were also tested for their in vitro antibacterial activities against some bacterial strains. The results obtained were compared with standard antibiotic, Ciprofloxacin. Some of the tested complexes show good antibacterial activities against some bacterial strains.

A new series of macrocyclic complexes [M(C₂₄H₂₈N₄)X₂], where M = Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), or Zn(II) and X = Cl⁻, , or CH₃COO⁻, has been synthesized by [2+2] condensation of o-phenylenediamine with acetonylacetone (diacetonyl) in the presence of divalent metal ions. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses, conductance measurements, electronic, NMR, and infrared spectral studies. On the basis of these studies, a distorted octahedral geometry has been proposed for all of these complexes. The complexes were tested for in vitro antibacterial activity. Some show remarkable antibacterial activity against selected bacterial strains.

Heterocycles are organic compounds, the most important pharmaceutical skeleton widely distributed in nature. Many of them possess medicinal as well as pharmacological activities. Pyrroles are well-known five-member-privileged scaffolds with pharmaceutical potential. Pyrrole is the component of complex macrocycles, including porphyrins of heme and chlorophylls. Nowadays, the development of microwave-supported synthetic strategies for such biologically relevant heterocycles is an important objective. Microwave-induced pyrrole synthesis has become an environmentally benign route in organic transformation with reduced reaction time and high yields. This mini-review focuses on the eco-friendly microwave-induced synthesis of pyrroles, their derivatives, and their potential pharmacological applications, covering literature up to 2022.

Synthesis of heterocyclic scaffolds by microwave irradiation is a green and clean process. The organic transformation induced by microwave irradiation, as an alternative source of energy, has been of great interest due to the high efficiency, yield, and short reaction time with minimum by-product production. Heterocyclic compounds, an important skeleton for pharmaceuticals, are the most privileged and prevalent class of organic chemistry. They have enormous medicinal value and pharmaceutical potential. This review demonstrates the effectiveness of microwave heating for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. The eco-friendly microwave-induced synthesis of five-membered heterocyclic systems covering recent literature is highlighted in this article.