Climate change poses a threat to the survival of the human race. Increased interest in climate change, carbon peaks, and carbon neutralization and rising recognition of the challenges inherent to highlighting this issue provides the opportunity to carry out a bibliometric study to identify what research can generate ideas regarding climate change, carbon peaks, and carbon neutralization. As expected, it may align with the dual goals of the Chinese government agenda in terms of a carbon peak and carbon neutralization in 2030 and 2060, respectively. The recent argument has induced calls for improved transparency and standardization in the approaches adopted to synthesize climate change, carbon peak, and carbon neutralization research. Nevertheless, key questions are still unanswered, namely, what are the key contributions that the research community has produced in relation to climate change, carbon peaks, and carbon neutralization? Have their contributions been inclined toward specific geographical areas, directions, and themes? As such, software tools for bibliometric analysis, VOSviewer, and Python were used to conduct a systematic quantitative analysis of the relevant literature on climate change, carbon peaks, and carbon neutralization. The results show that carbon peaks and carbon neutralization have received wide attention from academic scholars. In the meantime, China faces the unfolding challenges of economic, technological, and political factors that need to be addressed to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutralization. This study provides policy implications for achieving China’s emission reduction targets.

Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) have received increasing attention from industrial practitioners, researchers, and policymakers because of industry 4.0 and the digitization of the maritime industry. Crucial questions related to security, safety of personnel and vessels, and socio-economic domains have been addressed to a certain extent. In recent years, China has arisen as one of the leading maritime players worldwide, and unmanned vessels could remarkably influence the Chinese maritime industry. However, there is still a lack of systematic studies aiming to develop a deep understanding of potential advantages and challenges associated with the deployment of unmanned vessels in China. Therefore, using a mixed-method research design, this study attempts to obtain valuable insights based on the viewpoints of the key Chinese stakeholders concerning unmanned vessels, including the benefits, the restrictions, the obstacles to large-scale implementation, the risks, and how to mitigate possible implementation barriers. The main advantage of deploying unmanned ships was found to be the reduction in the ship crew size or complete elimination of the ship crew, which would reduce the operating costs and eliminate human errors on board the ships. Nevertheless, along with important advantages, a number of challenges associated with the development and deployment of unmanned ships were identified, including technological challenges, regulatory challenges, safety and security challenges, and technology investment challenges. All these challenges have to be adequately addressed by the relevant stakeholders to ensure the successful deployment of unmanned ships around the globe in the following years.

With the increasing volume of international trade and maritime demand, the requirements for the stability and reliability of the global shipping system are also increasing. The research on the network efficiency of Chinese ports for global shipping can not only examine the importance of Chinese ports in the shipping network but also find out the aspects that need to be improved in the construction of the port’s climate adaptability in the resilience assessment to strengthen port construction and further improve the efficiency of the network. The current study builds a shipping network based on RCEP and systematically examines the key ports in China within the networks. The research paper aims to improve the resilience of the ports and the whole shipping network in response to typhoon disasters. As such, this paper focuses on shipping research based on complex networks and network multi-centricity analysis, followed by a ranking of ports. Firstly, this paper uses UCINET 6 software to build a global shipping network. Such a network evaluates the centrality of ports, calculates the degree of centrality, proximity to centrality, and centrality, and scores them according to the ranking. Then, it selects the top 20 ports in China according to the ranking and researches network efficiency for the listed ports considering the typhoon risks. The analysis of network robustness, average shortest path length, and network efficiency are carried out for the shipping network and China’s essential port nodes in the network. According to the experimental results, no matter the robustness, average shortest path length, or network efficiency, when the important ports of China in the shipping network are affected, they will cause different degrees of impact, and the performance loss caused by multiple ports is higher than that of a single port. They emphasise the significant impact of typhoons on multiple ports and remind people to minimise losses as much as possible based on experimental results, ensuring the stable operation of ports and improving resilience in typhoon prevention under the changing climate. Additionally, they provide a solid foundation to further sustain global shipping network resilience.

This study evaluated the resilience of five major Chinese ports—Shanghai, Tsingtao, Shenzhen, Xiamen, and Qinzhou—against the impacts of tropical cyclones. These ports, as integral global maritime supply chain nodes, face rising vulnerabilities from climate-related disruptions such as typhoons, sea-level rise, and extreme temperature fluctuations. Employing a resilience assessment framework, this study integrated climate and operational data to gauge how cyclone-induced events affect port performance, infrastructure, and economic stability. Multi-centrality analysis and the Borda count method were applied to assess each port’s strategic importance and operational efficiency under cyclone exposure. The findings highlight variations in resilience across the ports, with Shanghai and Tsingtao showing heightened risk due to their critical roles within international logistics networks. This study suggests strategies like strengthening infrastructure, improving emergency responses, and adopting climate-resilient policies to make China’s ports more sustainable and resilient to climate threats. This research offers actionable insights for policymakers and port authorities, contributing to a more climate-resilient maritime logistics framework.