Introduction: YouTube is an important online source of information and has two billion users globally. Its viewing numbers tend to increase exponentially in extraordinary global situations. Our aim in this study was to review and evaluate the contents of the most frequently viewed YouTube videos during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: In this qualitative study, contents of the most frequently viewed Turkish and English YouTube videos regarding the COVID-19 pandemic were examined and scored with modified DISCERN, medical information and content index (MICI), and video power index (VPI) during April 2020. Results: The mean DISCERN score of Turkish videos was similar to that of English videos (2.55±1.40 and 2.43±1.25, respectively). The total MICI score tended to be higher in Turkish videos. News channels released 86.9% of all 168 videos and 65.2% of all 23 misleading videos. When the descriptive characteristics of videos were compared in terms of their content category, average view counts, view ratios, and VPIs of misleading videos were higher than those of the useful videos. Only, the likes ratio of useful videos was higher than that of the misleading videos. Conclusions: Since there is no peer-review system on YouTube, people can almost release every type of video. It is very important for the content of videos that are released through news channels to be accurate because the important messages can be spread among people in society through them. In our study, especially some Turkish videos included many different rumors and faulty statements. During the extraordinary situations such as the pandemic, the videos of official health authorities and international institutions should be more visible on YouTube.

BACKGROUND YouTube is an important online source of information. And its viewing numbers tend to increase exponentially in extraordinary situations. OBJECTIVE Our aim in this study was to evaluate the contents of the most frequently viewed YouTube videos during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS In this study, contents of the most frequently viewed Turkish and English videos regarding COVID-19 pandemics are examined and scored with modified DISCERN, MICI and VPI. RESULTS The mean DISCERN score of Turkish videos is similar to English videos (2.55 and 2.43 respectively). Total MICI score tends to be higher in Turkish videos. 86.9% of all 168 videos and 65.2% of all 23 misleading videos were released by news channels. Average view counts, view ratios, and VPIs of misleading videos are higher than the useful videos. CONCLUSIONS Since there is not a peer-review system on YouTube, it is very important for the content of videos that are released through news channels to be accurate because the important messages can be spread among people in society through them. Especially some Turkish videos included many different rumors and faulty statements. During the extraordinary situations such as the pandemics, the videos of official health authorities and international institutions should be more visible in YouTube. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, DISCERN, MICI, Video Power Index

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effects of a low-FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols) diet on symptom severity, quality of life, and fecal zonulin levels in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Methods: Twenty-four patients with IBS were prospectively randomized to either a low-FODMAP diet (LFD) or a traditional diet (TD) for 4 weeks. IBS Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS), IBS Quality of Life (IBS-QOL), and fecal zonulin levels were assessed at baseline and week 4 in both groups. In the LFD group, FODMAP-containing foods were gradually reintroduced after week 4, and all assessments were repeated at week 16. Changes in laboratory parameters, fecal zonulin levels, IBS-SSS, and IBS-QOL scores were evaluated. Results: Fecal zonulin levels did not differ significantly between groups at baseline or week 4, and no significant within-group changes were observed over time (all p > 0.05). IBS-SSS scores improved significantly at week 4 in both groups compared with the baseline (p < 0.05), with no significant difference in the magnitude of improvement between groups (p > 0.05). In the LFD group, IBS-SSS scores increased at week 16 compared with week 4 (p < 0.05). Similarly, IBS-QOL scores improved significantly at week 4 in both groups (p < 0.05), without significant between-group differences (p > 0.05). In the LFD group, IBS-QOL scores returned to baseline levels by week 16. Conclusions: Both the LFD and TD were associated with significant short-term improvements in IBS symptom severity and quality of life. However, the LFD did not demonstrate superiority over the TD. Furthermore, no statistically significant changes in fecal zonulin levels were observed in either group, although these findings should be interpreted cautiously. In the LFD group, some improvements observed at week 4 were attenuated following FODMAP reintroduction at week 16; however, these findings represent exploratory within-group observations and should not be interpreted as evidence of long-term treatment efficacy or sustained benefit following FODMAP reintroduction.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is common in people who are immunocompromised; however, cutaneous manifestations are rare compared with internal organ involvement. The clinical findings of cutaneous CMV infection typically include perioral or perianal ulcerations. Here, we present a case of a 66-year-old woman who underwent allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, developed graft-versus-host disease and persistent skin lesions during her treatment course, and was eventually diagnosed with cutaneous CMV infection.

Ergonomi, insanların kullanımı için verimli ve güvenli bir şekilde etkileşime girecek ve verimliliği artıracak şekilde şeyleri tasarlamak ve düzenlemek için kullanılan uygulamalı bir bilimdir. Çalışmamız kesitsel türde olup evrenini Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi öğrencilerinden 85 Endüstri Mühendisliği öğrencisi ve 66 Makine Mühendisliği öğrencisi olarak toplam 151 kişinin oluşturduğu ve verilerin online olarak toplanıp analiz edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ergonominin temel ve bilimsel ilkelerini mühendislik fakültelerinde COVID-19 pandemisinin ergonomik koşullar ve buna bağlı gelişen sonuçlar üzerine olan etkisi incelenmiş olup pandemi öncesi ve sonrası olarak mukayese edilmiştir. Çalışmamızda katılımcıların %50’sinden fazlası endüstri mühendisliği öğrencisi olan, 18-22 yaş aralığında, genel akademik not ortalaması (GANO) 2,1-2,9 olan, masa başında 5 saatten fazla vakit geçiren, sigara kullanmayan, pandemi öncesi D vitamini takviyesi almayan, düzenli egzersiz ve spor alışkanlığı olmayan, herhangi bir bel ağrısı şikayeti olmayan ve ergonomik koşullara kısmen de olsa önem gösteren profildedir. Pandemi sonrasında da yine katılımcıların %50’sinden fazlasında pandemi öncesi gösterilen profil devamlılık gösterip D vitamini takviyesi alımı, bel ağrısı şikayetleri, ergonomik koşullara gösterdikleri özen ve kilo alımları artarken düzenli egzersiz-spor alışkanlıkları ise azalmıştır.