Background: Lungs are the primary organ involved in COVID-19, and the severity of pneumonia in COVID-19 patients is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Aim: We aimed to evaluate the pneumonia severity through the visual and quantitative assessment on chest computed tomography (CT) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and compare the CT findings with clinical and laboratory findings. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated adult COVID-19 patients who underwent chest CT along with theirclinical scores, laboratory findings, and length of hospital stay. Two independent radiologists visually evaluated the pneumonia severity on chest CT (VSQS). Quantitative CT (QCT) assessment was performed using a free DICOM viewer, and the percentage of the well-aerated lung (%WAL), high-attenuation areas (%HAA) at different threshold values, and mean lung attenuation (MLA) values were calculated. The relationship between CT scores and the clinical, laboratory data, and the length of hospital stay were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. The student's t-test and chi-square test were used to analyze the differences between the variables. The Pearson correlation test analyzed the correlation between the variables. The diagnostic performance of the variables was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: The VSQS and QCT scores were significantly correlated with procalcitonin, d-dimer, ferritin, and C-reactive protein levels. Both VSQ and QCT scores were significantly correlated with the disease severity (p < 0.001). Among the QCT parameters, the %HAA-600 value showed the best correlation with the VSQS (r = 730, p < 0.001). VSQS and QCT scores had high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing disease severity and predicting prolonged hospitalization. Conclusion: The VSQS and QCT scores can help manage the COVID-19 and predict the duration of the hospitalization.

We sought to evaluate neurologic symptoms and findings in patients with COVID-19 infection hospitalized in a ward and intensive care unit (ICU).This study was designed as a prospective study. Hospi...

AMAÇ: Organ nakli; fonksiyonunu yitirmiş organın yerine kadavra veya canlı verici (donör)’den fonksiyonel organ nakledilmesine denir. Çalışmamızda Isparta il merkezinde yaşayan halkın organ bağışı konusundaki bilgi ve tutumları araştırılmıştır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Isparta il merkezinde ikamet eden kişilere Mart 2018 - Temmuz 2018 tarihleri arasında anket uygulayarak gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmaya 18 yaş üstü, fizik ve mental yönden sağlıklı olan kişiler kabul edilmiştir. Literatür bilgileri doğrultusunda hazırlanan, bireysel özellikleri ve organ bağışı ile ilgili 61 soru içeren anket formu yüz yüze görüşme tekniği kullanılarak uygulanmıştır.BULGULAR: Katılımcıların 483’i kadın, 432’si erkek idi. Yaşları 18-35 yaş arasında değişmekte olup ortalaması 37 idi. Katılımcılarımızın % 5,2 (n=47) organ bağışında bulunmuş ve kamu hastanelerine güven (%88,5), özel hastanelere (%43) göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Beyin ölümü gerçekleştikten sonra organların bağışı aşamasında, katılımcılarımızdan, kendi onaylarının yeterli olduğunu düşünenler %87,8 oranında, ailesinin onaylaması gerekli olduğunu düşünenler %87,2 oranında iken, hiçbir onay alınmasına gerek duymayanların oranı ise %7,3 olarak bulunmuştur. İnancına bağlı olarak organlarını bağışlayamayacak olan katılımcı sayısı 146 (% 16) iken vücudunun bir parçasını vererek ölüm-yaşam zincirine müdahalenin yanlış olduğunu düşünenlerin sayısı 91 (%10). Organ bağışını artırmak için “maddi teşvik verilmesi”nin olumlu olacağını düşünenlerin oranı % 44,3 iken olumsuz etki oluşturacağına inananlar %43,8 oranında idi.SONUÇ: Organ bağışının aile içinde konuşulup aile bireylerinin birbirlerinin organ bağışı yapmaya taraf olmasının önceden bilmesinin organ bağış oranının artmasına fayda sağlayacaktır. Organ bağışı konusunda yanlış yapılan haberler toplum hafızasında ciddi bir güvensizlik izi bırakmaktadır. Bu güvensizliğin aşılması için sadece organ bağışının ne olduğunun anlatılması değil aynı zaman da beyin ölümünden organ nakline kadar sürecin nasıl işletildiğinin açık olarak açıklaması gerekmektedir.

Hexavalent chromium (CrVI) is known to be a potential hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic contaminant in humans and animals, with toxicity associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential protective effect of chlorogenic acid (CGA), which has known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, on potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)-induced acute hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats. A total of 36 male Wistar albino rats were separated into 6 groups. The rats were first administered CGA (10, 20, or 40 mg/kg) and 6 hours later a single dose of K2Cr2O7 (15mg/kg) was administtered intraperitoneally. All the rats were sacrificed 24 hours after the final drug administration, then serum, liver and kidney tissues were examined biochemically (MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT, GPx, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), histopathologically, and immunohistochemically (NFKB, VEGF iNOS, eNOS). The serum GSH level and the liver CAT, TNF-α, and IL-1β levels were determined to be lower in the group given K2Cr2O7 than in the control group, and the kidney GSH and serum IL-6 levels were found to be increased. The application of K2Cr2O7 was determined to have led to histopathological and immunohistochemical changes in rat liver and kidney tissues. With the application of chlorogenic acid, especially at the 10mg/kg dosage, the above-mentioned parameters approached normal levels. It was concluded that oxidative stress and inflammation played a key role in acute hepato and nephrotoxicity caused by K₂Cr₂O₇ and these harmful effects were prevented by chlorogenic acid (especially at the 10mg/kg dosage) suppressing inflammation.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the indications of Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) patients treated in a secondary state Burdur hospital over a period of three years, the unit where the patient was hospitalized, survival time with PEG therapy, and the complications observed in these patients. Methods: Patients who underwent PEG in the endoscopy unit of our hospital, between January 2019 and January 2022, were retrospectively evaluated. Age, gender, the unit of inpatient, indications for PEG therapy, complications after PEG, and survival status of the patients were recorded in the form of case reports. Patients with coagulation disorders, hemodynamic instability, peritonitis, sepsis, infection at the insertion area, peritonitis carcinomatosis, a history of total gastrectomy and gastric varices were excluded. Results:The median age of the 120 patients included in the study was 79 (17–100) years, and 66 (55%) of the patients were male. Complications were observed in 14 (11.7%) patients, all of which were minor, including seven (5.8%) PEG site infections, three (2.5%) PEG site leakages, three (2.5%) PEG occlusions, and one (0.9%) PEG removal. It was determined that 73 (60.8%) patients survived at least 30 days; the patients were most frequently referred by the neurology unit, with a rate of 52.7%. The most common indications for PEG insertion were cerebrovascular disease (56.7%) and dementia (29.2%). Conclusion: Maintenance of nutritional requirements via PEG allows for the preservation of mucosal integrity and barrier function, intestinal immune response, and normal flora. It is superior to other enteral feeding methods due to the lower risk of aspiration. In conclusion, our study, which presented the experiences of the PEG insertion and therapy in a secondary state hospital, stated that the complication rates, indications, and referring clinics were found to be consistent with available literature.