Nano-priming has emerged as a novel technology for improving seed germination, vigour, and stress tolerance, and enhancing nutrient uptake in cereal grains, especially rice and wheat. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of 6302 publications obtained by a Boolean search query from the Scopus database, executed in November 2025. The dataset was further refined by using strict inclusion–exclusion criteria and mapped for the intellectual, geographic, and collaborative structure of the research on the topic under study at the global level. Country-level research productivity, subject-area distribution, annual publication trajectories, source-level publication patterns, and co-authorship networks are part of this study. The analysis revealed a highly skewed global publication distribution dominated by China, India, and Pakistan, which are major global hubs for nanotechnology-assisted seed treatment research, on the nano-priming of seeds. Agricultural sciences, environmental sciences, materials science, and nanotechnology emerged as dominant interdisciplinary contributors to nano-priming research. Annual publication trends continue to show an exponential rise since 2013, driven by growing interests in nanotechnology-enabled crop improvement. Co-authorship analysis revealed dense collaborative clusters centred in South and East Asia, interconnected through key bridging authors. The bibliometric evaluation, together with evidence-based synthesis of experimental studies, highlighted zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, silver, iron oxide, chitosan, and carbon-based nanomaterials as the main hotspots driving physiological enhancement in rice and wheat through enzymatic activation, nutrient uptake, and stress-resilience pathways. Nanotechnology-based seed treatments in rice and wheat offer a promising and sustainable approach to enhance crop productivity, stress tolerance, nutrient-use efficiency, and global food security under changing environmental conditions.

Soil salinization is an escalating global concern that severely limits agricultural productivity by disrupting plant-microbe interactions and impairing soil health. This study evaluates the unique potential of Janibacter terrae (KR41), an actinobacteria isolated from highly saline soils of Manginapudi, Andhra Pradesh, India, as a bio-ameliorative agent for salinity-stressed soils. Unlike conventional plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), J. terrae (KR41) demonstrates exceptional halotolerance and multifaceted plant growth-promoting traits, including high levels of indole-3-acetic acid production (39.4 µg/mL), robust siderophore synthesis, and secretion of organic acids that contribute to rhizospheric modification. Greenhouse and open-field trials on maize, tomato, and brinjal under saline conditions revealed that J. terrae (KR41) significantly enhanced plant heightby 13.91% in maize, 17.83% in brinjal, and 13.62% in tomatocompared to non-treated controls. Moreover, the actinobacteria-treated soils showed a reduction in pH by 12.6%, indicating substantial amelioration of saline soil conditions. The improved crop performance is attributed to enhanced nutrient bioavailability and root zone conditioning facilitated by KR41’s bioactive metabolites. The findings demonstrate, for the first time, the novel application of J. terrae (KR41) as a halotolerant actinobacterium for dual greenhouse and field settings. By enhancing growth and yield of multiple crops while improving saline soil attributes, KR41 represents a promising microbial intervention for sustainable crop production in salt-affected agroecosystems.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) rank among the highest-volume engineered nanomaterials, and their partial dissolution generates a composite particle and ion exposure that converges on three measurable molecular layers. This review consolidates quantitative endpoints reported across in vitro, rodent, avian, piscine and controlled human exposures and organises them into mitochondrial, redox and epigenetic signature classes. Reported responses include mitochondrial membrane potential loss to 55 percent of control, mitochondrial DNA copy number shifts spanning 290 percent to 80 percent of control, PGC-1 alpha suppression to 48.6 percent, global 5-methylcytosine reduction to 42 percent, histone G9a induction near 50-fold, and transcriptomic responses reaching 2703 differentially expressed genes. Cross-layer convergence is anchored by zinc homeostasis regulators, heme oxygenase 1, one carbon metabolite accumulation and ferroptotic lipid remodelling across species. A candidate integrated biomarker panel is proposed here together with the analytical and dosimetric constraints that presently limit its regulatory adoption.

Diagnostic-ratio source attribution is routine in environmental forensics, but whether the assigned source class predicts the benzo[a]pyrene toxic-equivalent concentration (TEQBaP) of a contaminated solid matrix has not been evaluated quantitatively. We conducted a systematic review (PRISMA 2020) of soil and sediment studies published from 2013 to 2026 that reported TEQBaP together with a diagnostic-ratio source classification. A structured search of Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science conducted on 2 July 2026 returned 2,119 records, which were reduced through successive screening to a review corpus of 105 full texts; with a supplementary search, 67 studies were included in the review. A total of 16 studies met the quantitative criteria after a primary-source audit of every extracted value, of which 12 yielded a directly derivable sampling variance (primary model) and 14 yielded a variance with imputation. The outcome was the reported BaP-equivalent concentration, a carcinogenic-potency metric, not a measured biological effect. ln(TEQBaP) was pooled by restricted maximum likelihood with Hartung–Knapp–Sidik–Jonkman intervals. The pooled TEQBaP was 104.2 ng g ^-1 (95% CI = 32.4–335.6; k = 12), essentially unchanged under DerSimonian–Laird, Paule–Mandel, and equal weighting, with τ ² = 3.27 (95% CI = 1.58–9.44), I ² = 99.9%, and a 95% prediction interval of 1.6–6,942 ng g ^-1 . Pyrogenic and mixed assemblages differed by a factor of 0.57 (95% CI = 0.04–8.0; p = 0.639): no difference was detected, but the interval is compatible with anything from a substantial decrease to a roughly 20-fold increase, so this is an absence of detected association rather than evidence of equivalence. Petrogenic evidence remained insufficient for class-level inference (k = 3 overall; k = 1 in the primary model) even after the search was widened. Secondary moderators, including sampling environment, are reported as exploratory and hypothesis-generating only. A concentration-normalized mixture potency factor (MPF = TEQBaP/ΣPAH) is proposed as a reporting convention and evaluated as exploratory feasibility work; it remains unvalidated. The principal finding is that the available study-level evidence is too sparse and too heterogeneous to determine whether forensic source class predicts toxic-equivalent concentration—an evidence gap, not a demonstrated null.

Microbial forensics has beneficial characteristics for investigating crimes. Law and order are fundamental to any nation and carry significant responsibilities. Failure in this domain may result in wrongful convictions or the guilty remaining free. Key duties include managing criminal cases and addressing threats to public order. While identifying the culprit, establishing their connection to the crime is paramount. Since legal systems require evidence for conviction, law enforcement increasingly relies on advancing scientific methods to meet this need. For example, in this case, after applying conventional techniques like DNA analysis and fingerprinting, a new technique, such as microbial forensics or fingerprints, can be applied. Trace evidence can be in the form of microbial fingerprints, and this evidence can play an important role in solving the crime. Microbial communities are dense and active in living and non-living things and in the environment. The classification and roles of these bacterial populations could be used as markers. The distinction between forensic samples is achievable because there is a diversity of microbial communities found in the human body from one location to another, and even in identical twins. The specific microbiome, which can be found on the skin or in specific body areas, may precisely identify the suspect’s connection with the crime scene for the purposes of human identification. This paper discusses the objects and latest advancements in the science of microbial forensics and their significance within the law enforcement process.