The Prostate Imaging Quality (PI-QUAL) V2 is a simplified update of PI-QUAL V1 for assessing image quality in multiparametric prostate MRI (mpMRI), aimed at improving clinical use and reproducibility. This study evaluated inter-reader agreement of PI-QUAL V2 among basic prostate readers using multicenter mpMRI data and compared it to PI-QUAL V1. Five readers assessed T2-weighted, DWI (including ADC maps), and DCE images from 274 men (median age: 71 years, IQR: 60–78) across five centers. Inter-reader agreement was measured using weighted Gwet’s AC1 coefficients and compared using bootstrapped confidence intervals. For PI-QUAL V1, coefficients ranged from 0.659 to 0.855, indicating substantial-to-almost perfect agreement. For PI-QUAL V2, coefficients ranged from 0.821 to 0.897, showing almost perfect agreement. All 10 pairwise comparisons achieved almost perfect agreement for PI-QUAL V2, compared to only 3 of 10 for V1. Additionally, three comparisons showed non-overlapping confidence intervals, indicating statistically significant improvements with V2. PI-QUAL V2 demonstrated consistently higher inter-reader agreement than V1, with basic prostate readers achieving almost perfect agreement across multicenter mpMRI data. These findings highlight the improved reliability and clinical applicability of PI-QUAL V2.

Comparison of the diagnostic performance of the artificial intelligence-based TIRADS algorithm with established classification systems for thyroid nodules - Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology

Pix2Pix generative-adversarial network in improving the quality of T2-weighted prostate magnetic resonance imaging: a multi-reader study - Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology

Objectives: This study pointed to assess the viability of bismuth protecting in lessening thyroid radiation measurements amid neck multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) examinations and to explore alternative protecting strategies which will moderate negative impacts on picture quality. Methods: The study involved 20 patients undergoing neck MDCT. Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) were utilized to degree radiation measurements to the thyroid organ with and without bismuth protecting. Measurable investigations, counting combined tests t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test, were conducted to evaluate the importance of dosage decrease. Results: Bismuth protecting altogether diminished the radiation measurements to the thyroid organ by 43.95%, from 24.50 mGy to 17.59 mGy (P<0.01). The reduction was statistically significant in women (P0.05) due to the small sample size. No significant correlation was found between age and radiation dose levels (P>0.05). Conclusions: Bismuth shielding effectively reduces thyroid radiation dose during neck MDCT examinations. However, the potential increase in image noise necessitates careful management to maintain diagnostic accuracy. Further research is needed to optimize shielding techniques and explore alternative methods to minimize radiation exposure while preserving image quality.

Objective: To compare radiation doses associated with transradial access (TRA) and transfemoral access (TFA) in transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and transarterial radioembolization (TARE) procedures for hepatic cancers. Methods: This retrospective, single-center study analyzed 119 patients who underwent TACE or TARE between October 2016 and October 2024. Radiation dose parameters were compared between TRA and TFA groups, including fluoroscopy time, fluoroscopy and fluoroscopy-digital radiography combined dose-area product (DAP), and total air kerma (AK). Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-squared test. Results: TRA was associated with significantly higher radiation exposure compared to TFA, including increased fluoroscopy time (median: 15.2 vs. 8.9 minutes, P<0.001), fluoroscopy DAP (median: 84.4 vs. 45.2 Gy∙cm², P<0.001), fluoroscopy-digital radiography combined DAP (median: 246 vs. 156.5 Gy∙cm², P=0.003), and AK (median: 959 vs. 612.9 mGy, P=0.001). No significant differences were observed in patient demographics, tumor localization, or treatment approach between the groups. Conclusions: TRA is associated with higher radiation exposure compared to TFA in TACE and TARE procedures. While TRA offers procedural benefits, further research is needed to optimize techniques and reduce radiation risks, particularly in interventional radiology.