By examining the fertility of Mačva soil (fluvisol, humogley, eugley, chernozem, eutric cambisol, pseudogley, luvisol, vertisol), it was found that the soils with a reaction which is favourable for growth of most crops dominate, but about 25% of the samples, mainly on Pseudogley and Luvisol, have an unfavourable, highly acidic reaction. Soil organic matter content is generally medium to high, as are the nitrogen reserves. A low content of phosphorous was found in about half of the samples, while in about 10% of soil samples, a very high phosphorous and potassium content was found, as a result of soil properties as well as inappropriate fertilization. The PTE content and natural background values are around or below the values for Central Serbia. These values are below the maximum allowed limits in domestic regulations, except for Ni, whose content increased in some samples in the alluvium of the Drina and Sava rivers and in the soil in close vicinity. Locations with values above the natural background and limit values in the legal regulations require an additional analysis of the impact on the environment.

Wheat and corn have a dominant part in cereal structure production in the Republic of Serbia. Considering the importance of these products, two studies were carried in the paper. First, one had the goal of analyzing the economic results of wheat and corn production in Serbia in the period from 2014–2024. Second, the other had the goal of analysing the intensity of the drought and its harmful impact on wheat and corn production in Serbia in the perid from 2014–2024. The research question that is analyzed in this paper refers to the analysis, whether direct payments were a sufficient incentive to achieve short-term economic sustainability in production of wheat and corn in Serbia in drought conditions during the period from 2014–2024. For the purpose of economic analysis, the method of analytical calculations is used on the basis of variable costs; that is, on the basis of the calculation of the contribution margin. The SPEI method is used in order to analyze the intensity of the drought. The authors conclude that the amount of the direct payments plays the key role in achieving a positive contribution margin; that is, in achieving the short-term economic sustainability in wheat and corn production in Serbia in drought condition. To achieve long-term economic sustainability in this production in Serbia, in changed climatic conditions, adaptive varieties and hybrids, education of farmers, adequate sources of financing, application of irrigation systems, and application of the concept of climate-smart agriculture are needed.

Integration of spatially oriented with statistical data was performed by employing Geographic information system (GIS), and municipalities with a high proportion of area under potato cultivation were identified in the Republic of Serbia, as well as the total used agricultural land area, and cropland and garden areas. A correlation analysis was also performed between potato, total used agricultural land, and cropland and garden areas expressed as percentage representation. The large percentage of potato cultivation has been observed in the western part of the country, in the municipality of Ivanjica and the surrounding municipalities, which confirms previous research, also the strong negative correlation coeficient was identified between Potato area percentage and Cropland and garden area percentage at municipality level. The statistical data are obtained from Farm Structure Survey (FSS) 2018 and Census of Agriculture 2023, while spatially oriented data are obtained from Republic Geodetic Authority (RGA) of the Republic of Serbia.