The positive impact of data elements on enterprise operation has been confirmed by many scholars, but few studies have paid attention to the effect of data elements on corporate green transformation, especially in the context of global climate change. In this study, we employ panel data from Chinese listing firms to identify the casual impact of data elements on corporate green transformation, using the staggered difference-in-differences method. We show that: (a) Data elements exert a significant positive influence on corporate green transformation. This finding holds up in a series of robustness checks; (b) The promoting effect of data elements on green transformation is mediated by alleviating financing constraints and elevating executive green attention; (c) Green governance resilience and green management innovation can strengthen the positive relationship between data elements and green transformation; and (d) The promoting effect is more pronounced in enterprises with larger boards of directors, those located in the eastern regions, and those characterized by higher carbon emission intensities. Overall, we not only provide empirical evidence of optimizing regional data-factor allocation and promoting green technological innovation but also offer theoretical guidance for refining the pathways of corporate green transformation.

The impact of green fiscal policies on forestry new quality productivity (FNQP) development and the mechanisms behind this are explored in this study. A scientific basis for the promotion of FNQP development through green fiscal policies is intended to be provided. In addition, novel perspectives on the high-quality development of forestry are offered. Panel data from 31 Chinese provinces between 2011 and 2022 are collected and discrepancies between green fiscal policies and the level of FNQP are examined. By constructing a two-way fixed-effects model and employing econometric methods, the significant promotion of FNQP by green fiscal policies is indicated. Indirect promotion of FNQP development through the upgrading of the forestry industrial structure and the intensification of environmental regulation by green fiscal policies is demonstrated by indirect impact analysis results. Furthermore, a positive spatial spillover effect of green finance on forestry new quality productivity is documented. For policy selection, regional economic development level heterogeneity characteristics should be taken into account. Based on the findings of this study, some recommendations have been given for responses to green fiscal policy for forestry new quality productivity in the future.

Agricultural socialized services are a key driver of China’s agricultural modernization. Clarifying the “reasonable boundaries” of their scale not only helps build a service system suited to moderate-scale agricultural operations but also facilitates the optimal allocation of agricultural resources and a steady improvement in service efficiency. Based on the transaction–coordination dual-cost model, this study constructs a theoretical analytical framework for how agricultural socialized services promote agricultural modernization. This study integrates agricultural development data from 30 Chinese provinces for the period 2011–2023 and employs a threshold regression method to examine the impact of agricultural socialized services on the year-on-year growth rate of agricultural modernization, as well as any stage-specific differences. The results indicate that agricultural socialized services have a significant positive effect on the year-on-year growth of the agricultural modernization index; that is, improvements in the level of agricultural socialized services help accelerate the pace of agricultural modernization. This accelerating effect is more pronounced in the eastern regions and in areas with higher per capita disposable income; meanwhile, the impact of agricultural socialized services on the year-on-year growth rate of agricultural modernization exhibits a nonlinear effect based on the scale of the services. Accordingly, it is recommended to establish a targeted service delivery system, implement support policies tailored to local conditions, and promote high-quality development driven by two engines in order to fully unleash the promotional role of agricultural socialized services in agricultural modernization.