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Sustainable development is a global objective that aims to address the societal challenge of climate action, the environment, resource efficiency, and raw materials. In this sense, an important strategy is the promotion of green packaging, that is, the use of sustainable materials and designs for the packaging of goods. In recent years, many research works have been published in the specialised area covering the different perspectives and dimensions of green packaging. However, to our knowledge, no previous investigations have analysed the research activity on green packaging from business and consumer perspectives. The present study intends to fill this gap by analysing all of the publications found in the Scopus database with the help of visual analytic tools, including word clouds and Gephi network visualization software. More specifically, our study analyses the impact of green packaging from business and consumer viewpoints, including some specific issues such as the design and materials used in green packaging, green packaging costs, marketing strategies and corporate social responsibility related to green packaging, and the impact of green packaging in waste management, the circular economy, logistics, and supply chain management. The results obtained reveal the growing interest of scholars and researchers in all of these dimensions, as is made patently clear by the increasing number of journal publications in recent years. The practical implications of this study are significant, given the growing awareness among companies and consumers about the importance of the promotion of sustainable development through green packaging alternatives. More specifically, the results of this research could be very useful for all of those agents who are interested in learning about the main lines of research being developed in the field of green packaging.
Gonzalo Wandosell; María Parra-Meroño; Alfredo Alcayde; Raúl Baños. Green Packaging from Consumer and Business Perspectives. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1356 .
AMA StyleGonzalo Wandosell, María Parra-Meroño, Alfredo Alcayde, Raúl Baños. Green Packaging from Consumer and Business Perspectives. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1356.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGonzalo Wandosell; María Parra-Meroño; Alfredo Alcayde; Raúl Baños. 2021. "Green Packaging from Consumer and Business Perspectives." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1356.
In this paper we set out a three-pillar monetary-financial framework to (i) analyze, categorize and compare past, current and emerging means of payment; to (ii) capture their creation and destruction processes through sectoral balance sheet dynamics; and to (iii) identify the inherent risks to the current monetary-financial system, also known as the fractional reserve banking system. These risks, which stem from sudden shifts in money demand and supply, are as follows: (I) risk of a cashless society; (II) risk of structural bank disintermediation; (III) risk of systemic bank runs; (IV) risk of currency substitution; and (V) risk of economic and financial bubbles. This framework will guide the assessment of the central bank digital currencies (CBDC), which are considered as the next step in monetary evolution. We will analyze two large groups of CBDC proposals: (i) proposals aimed at complementing cash and bank deposits; and (ii) proposals aimed at replacing all bank deposits with CBDCs. We find that once CBDCs are issued in both sets of proposals, there is always a trade-off between low levels of (I), (IV), (V), risks and high levels of (II) risk. This trade-off could also be defined as the CBDC dilemma, which states that in most CBDC proposals it is impossible to have both of the following at the same time: (1) low levels of (I), (IV) and (V) risks; and (2) low levels of (II) risk. Finally, we suggest that further research on CBDCs should focus on the second group of proposals on a phase-in basis in order to also mitigate the structural bank disintermediation risk and hence to overcome the CBDC dilemma.
Carlos Viñuela; Juan Sapena; Gonzalo Wandosell. The Future of Money and the Central Bank Digital Currency Dilemma. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9697 .
AMA StyleCarlos Viñuela, Juan Sapena, Gonzalo Wandosell. The Future of Money and the Central Bank Digital Currency Dilemma. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9697.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Viñuela; Juan Sapena; Gonzalo Wandosell. 2020. "The Future of Money and the Central Bank Digital Currency Dilemma." Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9697.
This paper delves into the manner in which some Multinational Corporations (MNCs) manage corporate diplomacy as a catalyst of their political, social, and cultural influence in foreign markets. Once the related literature is reviewed, the qualitative Focus Group technique is applied by creating two teams of nine business internationalization experts, chosen amongst university professors; representatives of institutions and organizations, such as Chambers of Commerce or embassies; MNCs’ executives and lobbyists; and high-level representatives of Spanish state diplomacy. This contribution verifies that corporate diplomacy is known and clearly distinguished from other similar functions within the company in Spain; nevertheless, it is admitted that, in the case of Spanish MNCs, the arrival of corporate diplomacy is delayed. Secondly, we present the four key instruments to exert influence and, in turn, the most necessary ones to implement corporate diplomacy strategies: networking with external stakeholders, competitive intelligence, corporate reputation, and lobbying actions. Additionally, this paper shows that some MNCs coexist with other types of diplomacy—e.g., state or political, public and commercial diplomacy, although most do not yet do so autonomously, especially the Spanish MNCs. However, MNCs foster the perception that they assume, in a certain way, the role of the nation-states. This paper’s contribution is to establish that the current cross-border relational framework requires corporations to develop a true foreign policy and acquire a diplomatic know-how to strategically manage their influence in the countries where they operate so that they can obtain a “social license to operate” and generate favorable business environments. Finally, a short discussion about possible connections between corporate diplomacy and cyclical dynamics of open innovation is included, where engagement of external stakeholders and culture understanding are the main points in common identified.
Manuel A. Egea; María Concepción Parra-Meroño; Gonzalo Wandosell. Corporate Diplomacy Strategy and Instruments; With a Discussion about “Corporate Diplomacy and Cyclical Dynamics of Open Innovation”. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 2020, 6, 55 .
AMA StyleManuel A. Egea, María Concepción Parra-Meroño, Gonzalo Wandosell. Corporate Diplomacy Strategy and Instruments; With a Discussion about “Corporate Diplomacy and Cyclical Dynamics of Open Innovation”. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity. 2020; 6 (3):55.
Chicago/Turabian StyleManuel A. Egea; María Concepción Parra-Meroño; Gonzalo Wandosell. 2020. "Corporate Diplomacy Strategy and Instruments; With a Discussion about “Corporate Diplomacy and Cyclical Dynamics of Open Innovation”." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 6, no. 3: 55.
Most retailers use their websites and social media to increase their visibility, while potential customers get information about these retailers using the Internet on electronic devices. Many papers have previously studied online marketing strategies used by retailers, but little attention has been paid to determine how these companies provide information through the Internet about the location and characteristics of their stores. This paper aims to obtain evidence about the inclusion of interactive web maps on retailers’ websites to provide information about the location of their stores. With this purpose, the store locator interactive tools of specialty retailers’ websites included in the report “Global Powers of Retailing 2015” are studied in detail using different procedures, such as frequency analysis and word clouds. From the results obtained, it was concluded that most of these firms use interactive maps to provide information about their offline stores, but today some of them still use non-interactive (static) maps or text format to present this information. Moreover, some differences were observed among the search filters used in the store locator services, according to the retailer’s specialty. These results provided insight into the important role of online store locator tools on retailers’ websites.
Gonzalo Wandosell; María Concepción Parra-Meroño; Raul Baños. Online Store Locator: An Essential Resource for Retailers in the 21st Century. Social Sciences 2019, 8, 53 .
AMA StyleGonzalo Wandosell, María Concepción Parra-Meroño, Raul Baños. Online Store Locator: An Essential Resource for Retailers in the 21st Century. Social Sciences. 2019; 8 (2):53.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGonzalo Wandosell; María Concepción Parra-Meroño; Raul Baños. 2019. "Online Store Locator: An Essential Resource for Retailers in the 21st Century." Social Sciences 8, no. 2: 53.