Background: For better understanding of the pathological changes of COVID‐19, benefiting clinical management of the disease and the preparation for future waves of similar pandemics.Methods: Hematology parameters from a total of 52 cases of COVID‐19 admitted for treatment in a designated hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software.Results: Pre‐treatment T‐cell subsets, total lymphocytes, red blood cell distribution width (RDW), eosinophils, and basophils were significantly lower than that of post‐treatment, while the inflammatory indexes neutrophils, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels, as well as red blood cell (RBC) and hemoglobin, were significantly reduced after treatment. The T‐cell subsets, total lymphocytes, and basophils in severely and critically ill patients were significantly lower than those in moderately ill patients. Neutrophils, NLR, eosinophils, procalcitonin (PCT), and CRP was significantly higher in severely and critically ill patients than in moderately ill patients. CD3+, CD8+, total lymphocytes, platelets, and basophils in patients older than 50 were lower than that of those younger than 50, while neutrophils, NLR, CRP, and RDW in patients older than 50 were higher than that of younger than 50. There was a positive correlation among prothrombin time (PT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in severely and critically ill patients.Conclusions: T‐cell subsets, lymphocyte count, RDW, neutrophils, eosinophils, NLR, CRP, PT, ALT, and AST are important indicators in the management especially for severely and critically ill patients with COVID‐19.

Background: Primary hepatic cancer (PHC) is still a significant burden worldwide. The efficacy of diagnosis, treatment response monitoring, and prognostication using laboratory biomarkers is still a challenge. This study analyzed multi‐laboratory parameters pre‐ and post‐treatment and their associations with clinical and pathological features and clinical decisions in PHC patients to evaluate their clinical usefulness. Methods: This study analyzed laboratory data from PHC patients by comparing changes between pre‐ and post‐treatment and the efficacy of commonly used tumor markers and their associations with clinical and pathological features. Data from 441 PHC patients were analyzed. Results: Serum alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) and alpha‐L‐fucosidase (AFU), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma‐glutamyltransferase (γ‐GT), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), and hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV DNA) were reduced after treatment; AFP, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and cancer antigen 19–9 (CA‐199) showed value in assisting the judgment of surgical resection; serum ferritin increased significantly along with stage advanced. AFP, CEA, CA‐199, and ferritin were lower in surgical resection patients than non‐surgical patients. A significant association was displayed between AFP levels and multiple biomarkers and clinical features when AFP cut‐off was adjusted to 140 ng/mL. AFP was increased in PHC patients with chronic hepatitis B infection and liver cirrhosis, while CA‐199 was decreased in both situations. Conclusions: Tumor marker AFP, CEA, CA‐199, serum chemistry test panel AFU, ALT, AST, γ‐GT, bilirubin, protein, and HBV DNA are useful indicators in monitoring therapeutic response and disease progression and may be used as indicators in assisting the judgment of surgical resection of PHC.

Background: IgM paraproteins frequently cause spurious results in biochemical assays; however, standardized strategies to eliminate such interference remain limited. This study systematically compares four dilution matrices to identify effective methods for correcting IgM‐mediated interference in prealbumin (PA) and uric acid (UA) measurements. Methods: Two cases of IgM‐type monoclonal gammopathy (IgM‐κ: 5.37 g/L; IgM‐λ: 25.8 g/L) presenting with spurious PA and UA results were investigated. Four interference‐mitigation strategies were evaluated: dilution with deionized water, 0.9% saline, 18% hypertonic saline, and prealbumin reagent 1 containing polyethylene glycol (PEG). Analytical performance was assessed using recovery rates, result stability across dilution factors, and reaction curve analysis. Results: For PA measurement, dilution with prealbumin reagent 1 (2‐fold) or deionized water (3‐fold) effectively eliminated IgM interference, restoring results to clinically plausible concentrations with recovery rates of 101.4% and 99.5% in control samples. For UA measurement, optimal correction was achieved using 18% hypertonic saline (2‐fold) or deionized water (3‐fold), yielding recovery rates of 101.6% and 102.8%, respectively. Higher dilution factors resulted in reduced analytical reliability in IgM‐positive samples but not in controls. Conclusions: Effective elimination of IgM paraprotein interference requires assay‐specific pretreatment strategies. PEG‐based dilution is optimal for PA immunoturbidimetric assays, while osmotic modulation with hypertonic saline is most effective for UA measurement. Deionized water dilution provides a practical, broadly applicable alternative. These simple protocols are suitable for routine clinical laboratory implementation.

To study the best time of taking liver biopsy for chronic HBV carriers of age ranges and then guiding antiretroviral treatment. The liver biopsy pathologic results of 292 cases of chronic HBV carriers were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College. The patients were divided into three groups according to ages. The differences between groups were compared by calculating the ratio of inflammation above G2 or fibrosis staging above S2. The percentages of the chronic HBV carriers with liver histopathology inflammation graded above G2 or fibrosis staging above S2 were 26.5% (36/136) in 11 to 29 year-old group, 39.4% (37/94) in 30-39 year-old group and 58.1% (36/62) in 40-60 year-old group. Significant difference existed among groups in general (P less than 0.01). 39.4% (37/94) of chronic HBV carriers were found with inflammation graded above G2 or fibrosis staging above S2 in 30-39 year-old group, no statistically significant difference found between group 30-39 years old and group and 40-60 years old 58.1% (36/62) (P less than 0.01). 26.5% (36/136) of chronic HBV carriers under 30 years old were with inflammation graded above G2 or fibrosis staging above S2 as compared with the percentage of 46.8% (73/156) in the chronic HBV carriers over 30 years old group, and significant difference existed between the two groups (P less than 0.01). The best time choice of taking liver biopsy should be at the ages elder than or equal to 30.