In this work, the effect of Ce and Zr on the wear performance of a nickel-saving austenitic heat-resistant cast steel at room temperature and 900 °C are investigated. The wear mechanism and strengthening mechanism played by the addition of Ce and Zr are also discussed. The enhanced work-hardening rate after adding Ce and Zr strengthens the worn surface during wearing and improves the wear resistance of the nickel-saving austenitic steel at room temperature. The addition of Ce and Zr reduces the dynamic recovery and recrystallisation softening effect, which is the main reason for improving the high-temperature wear performance of the nickel-saving austenitic steel. Besides, the wear-protective glaze layer formed on the worn surface of Ce- and Zr-containing alloys could also reduce the high-temperature wear of the nickel-saving austenitic steel.