Several conditioning indicators are necessary when performing running events, such as: the ability to sustain speed during a test and obtain good competitive rates in medium and long distance events. Purpose: This systematic review was to verify the distribution of weekly training volume during the preparatory phase of recreational runners and analyse the effect of this volume on maximum oxygen consumption and time-trial running. Results: The seven studies included analysed the training volume effect. A total of 120 adult participants were included with age of 27.80 ± 5.52 years, VO2 of 47.45 ± 7.82 ml/kg/min-1. All presented different aerobic training methods: HIIT, undulatory training, Linear, Reverse and Sprints. The interventions had an average duration of 10.00 ± 3.57 weeks. Training volume at the beginning of the interventions of 30 ± 7.21 km/week. A total of 59 adult participants with experience in road running and with performance in the 10 km and 1 km distances of 44.22 ± 8.43 min and 5.17 ± 0.24 min. Conclusion: The present review indicates that adjustments in training volume, specifically increments of up to 42% during the preparatory phase, can produce significant improvements in VO2max and time trial performance.

To compare measured and estimated metabolic equivalent (MET) and energy expenditure (EE) in different situations with Type-1 diabetes (T1DM) patients. Ten T1DM patients performed three 30-minute sessions (resting, running-RS, and exergame-VS) at moderate intensity. MET and EE were measured by direct gas analyzer and estimated using the formula applying heart rate and V̇02peak. MET values (measured vs. estimated) were statistically different during RS (4.58±1.11 vs.7.59±1.36) and VS (3.98± 0.84 vs. 5.77±0.84) (p<0.001). EE values were similar: RS (147±43 vs. 246±157) and VS (129±33 vs. 184±20) (p<0.001). The error between the methods: 0.41, 1.51, and 1.07 METs and 20.1, 51.5, and 32.5 Kcals for resting, RS, and VS. Estimation could be used in resting and with caution for RS and VS.

Background: Running-related injuries are a common issue among recreational runners and may affect training continuity and long-term participation. However, injury-associated factors remain unclear due to methodological heterogeneity and reliance on self-reported data. Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence and anatomical distribution of running-related injuries and their association with physiological characteristics and weekly running volume in recreational runners. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 98 recreational runners (57 men and 41 women). Women were aged 41.54 ± 9.14 years, weighed 59.55 ± 5.89 kg, and had a maximal oxygen uptake ($\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{V}}$O₂max) of 43.24 ± 4.86 mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹, whereas men were aged 40.16 ± 8.85 years, weighed 80.50 ± 12.89 kg, and had a $\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{V}}$O₂max of 47.73 ± 7.55 mL·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹. Running-related injuries during the previous 12 months were clinically confirmed. Sex, age, body composition, $\stackrel{.}{\mathrm{V}}$O₂max, resting heart rate, and weekly training volume were analyzed using independent t-tests and multivariable logistic regression. Results: Running-related injury prevalence was 43.9% (women: 56.1%; men: 35.1%), with a significant association between sex and injury occurrence (Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.043). The knee was the most frequently affected anatomical region, followed by the leg and ankle/Achilles regions. Iliotibial band syndrome was the most common diagnosis, followed by calf muscle injury, Achilles tendinopathy, plantar fasciopathy, ankle sprain, and hip labral tear. None of the demographic or physiological variables investigated, including weekly running volume, were independently associated with injury occurrence, and the model explained only a small proportion of the variability in injury occurrence. Conclusions: Running-related injuries were frequent among recreational runners, with knee-related injuries representing the most common anatomical pattern and iliotibial band syndrome being the predominant diagnosis. Although female runners presented a higher injury prevalence, the multifactorial nature of running-related injuries was reinforced, as the investigated demographic and physiological characteristics, along with weekly running volume, showed limited explanatory capacity for injury occurrence.