Background: Jaw osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a complication in patients with previous head and neck radiotherapy. Its incidence increases with dental extractions. Hence, this review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of adjunctive treatment modalities undertaken at the time of extraction in previous head and neck radiotherapy patients in preventing ORN. Methods: A systematic review was conducted, where studies with data on ORN incidence after extraction with or without adjunctive interventions were included. Meta‐analyses were conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of ORN per intervention and the pooled odds ratio for incidence of ORN between interventions. Results: In total, 1520 patients in 29 studies were included. Interventions identified were hyperbaric oxygen (HBO), pentoxifylline‐tocopherol (PENTO), antibiotics (ABX), platelet‐rich fibrin and photobiomodulation. The pooled prevalence of ORN for HBO (4.6%), PENTO (3.4%) and ABX (3.8%) was significantly lower than the Control (17.6%). For studies with direct comparisons between groups, HBO had lower but not significant odds of developing ORN than the Control (OR 0.27) and ABX (OR 0.57). Conclusions: HBO, PENTO and ABX may reduce the incidence of ORN compared to no intervention. Given that all three have similar incidences of ORN, ABX may be the most cost‐effective and accessible adjunctive modality.

This study aimed to evaluate the levels of student acceptance and effectiveness of an AI-powered chatbot platform as a teaching tool in the undergraduate o

Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a biodegradable polymer widely used in bone tissue engineering; however, its regenerative performance in cranial defect models remains incompletely characterized. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effect of PCL scaffolds on bone regeneration in preclinical cranial defect models. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched, and eligible animal studies were selected according to predefined criteria. A total of 37 studies were included in the systematic review. Data on scaffold characteristics, animal models, and osteogenic outcomes were extracted, followed by random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression to investigate potential sources of heterogeneity. PCL-based scaffolds significantly enhanced bone regeneration at one and two months post-surgery, with pooled mean differences of 1.68 (95% CI: 0.34–3.03; p = 0.01) and 5.60 (95% CI: 3.48–7.72; p < 0.00001), respectively. The treatment effect was greatest at two months but decreased at three months and was no longer statistically significant (MD = 2.22, 95% CI: −1.36–5.80; p = 0.22). Extreme between-study heterogeneity was observed across the time-point analyses, limiting the consistency and generalizability of the pooled estimates. Meta-regression identified animal species as a significant moderator at one month, accounting for 28.8% of the estimated heterogeneity, whereas follow-up duration and defect size were not significant moderators. Overall, PCL-based scaffolds demonstrate a beneficial but potentially time-dependent effect on bone regeneration, while their long-term regenerative performance remains uncertain.