In this study, our aim was to investigate the possible protective and therapeutic effects of these two flavonoids, baicalein and naringin, in 50 and 100 mg/kg doses applied both before and after ce...

In this study, the main hypothesis is that paeoniflorin may inhibit some cellular processes such as oxidative stress and inflammation. For this reason, we aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of a natural compound, paeoniflorin, on rat model of ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury by detecting the oxidative stress parameters and inflammatory process parameters. 42 female Wistar-albino rats were divided into 6 random groups. The rats were subjected to 3-hour ischemia and 3-hour reperfusion process. Then, paeoniflorin at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg were applied 30 min before the reperfusion. The levels of pro-inflammatory (IL-1-& beta;, IL-6, TNF-& alpha;) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10, TGF-& beta;) cytokines were measured by ELISA. Similarly, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-& alpha;, NF-& kappa;B p65) positivity rates were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Additionally, oxidative stress parameters (MDA, GSH, SOD) were measured by tissue biochemistry. Ischemia-reperfusion injury caused significant increase in the levels of SOD, MDA, TNF-& alpha;, IL-1-& beta;, IL-6 and NF-& kappa;B p65, while paeoniflorin treatments improved the related parameters in a dose-dependent manner. As a conclusion, our findings support the evidence that paeoniflorin has a potential protective effects on ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury. Further detailed studies should be performed to shed light the molecular mechanism of these protective effects.

Aim to study: This study aimed to determine the presence of microplastics in tissues and organs of quails (Coturnix coturnix) and to evaluate the potential risks of microplastic contamination in terms of human consumption and environmental impacts. Materials and Methods: Organ and tissue samples were analyzed from five laying quails that had died naturally. Samples were treated with 10% KOH and filtered in a laminar flow cabinet. Microplastics were identified using light microscopy and FTIR spectroscopy. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS at a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. Results: Microplastics in filament, fragment, and film forms were detected in quail tissues and digestive system contents. Polyethylene and polyvinyl stearate polymers were the most common types of microplastics. The highest microplastic density was found in intestinal contents. The presence of microplastics in edible tissues (breast and leg meat) was identified, posing potential risks for human consumption. Conclusion: The presence of microplastics in quail meat and tissues poses potential risks for human consumption and highlights the prevalence of environmental pollution.

The domesticated species of goats, scientifically known as Capra hircus, have played a significant role in several aspects of human existence over the course of history. These animals have made notable contributions to both individual animal breeding practices and the overall national economy. Their unique meat and milk production, along with their ease of cultivation, distinguish them as noteworthy entities. Goat milk is widely favored by customers due to its hypoallergenic features, low lactose levels, and rich composition. As a result, goat breeding has been prevalent in our country and globally for milk production in animal husbandry. In accordance with the purpose of achieving a high-quality final product, which constitutes a primary goal of animal husbandry, it is important to possess knowledge on certain attributes relating to the animal under cultivation. The aforementioned characteristics pertain to the anatomical composition of the udder and the physiological processes involved in breastfeeding in goats. Lactation physiology encompasses three key processes: mammogenesis, lactogenesis, and galactopoiesis. Mammogenesis refers to the formation of the udder, while lactogenesis involves the secretion of milk. Galactopoiesis, on the other hand, pertains to the maintenance of continuous milk supply. This review will examine the reproductive cycle, physical structure, and developmental aspects of the udder, as well as the many stages of lactation physiology in goats.

Hematological parameters and indicators of oxidant–antioxidant balance could provide useful information about the physiological characteristics of poultry. However, information on these parameters in native Turkish white geese of different ages and sexes remains limited. This study evaluated 40 clinically healthy native Turkish white geese aged 16 or 98 weeks (10 females and 10 males per group). Hematology was assessed manually; plasma total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were measured with commercial kits. Two-way ANOVA was followed by Bonferroni-adjusted comparisons where appropriate. To aid the interpretation of the statistical findings, effect sizes for the main effects of age and sex, as well as for the age × sex interaction, were expressed as partial eta-squared (ηp²) and reported with 95% confidence intervals. The age × sex interaction was significant for erythrocyte count, packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and all leukocyte parameters except basophil percentage. Young males had higher erythrocyte counts and lower MCHC than adult males, whereas young and adult females had similar values. PCV was higher in young than adult geese within both sexes. Within both sexes, adults had higher total leukocyte counts, heterophil and eosinophil percentages, and heterophil-to-lymphocyte (H/L) ratios, but lower lymphocyte and monocyte percentages. No significant interaction was detected for TAS, TOS, or OSI; TAS was higher in adults, whereas TOS and OSI were higher in females. These results provide comparative data for interpreting hematological and oxidant–antioxidant measurements in native Turkish white geese at two distinct ages under similar rearing conditions.