The eating habits of students differ significantly from those recommended by health practitioners. The aim of this study was to find differences related to diet quality and knowledge on nutrition among Polish, German, and Slovakian students as well as to examine which factors differentiate the diet quality of students from these three countries. The study was conducted on a group of 394 university students from Poland, Germany, and Slovakia. The assessment of diet quality and knowledge on food and nutrition was done with the use of the Dietary Habits and Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire. The diet of German students was characterized by a significantly higher consumption of legume-based foods, vegetables, and fruit compared to Polish students and Slovakian participants (p < 0.001). The diet of the Poles was characterized by a high consumption of cured meat, smoked sausages, hot dogs, white bread and bakery products, butter, fried foods, and energy drinks. The most important factors significantly associated with diet quality involved the country, place of residence, Body Mass Index (BMI), physical activity, and time spent watching TV or using a computer. Polish students were characterized by the highest level of knowledge on food and nutrition (p < 0.001). However, it was not reflected in their diet. The authorities of universities should aim to provide students with access to canteens on campuses which would offer the possibility of consumption of both affordable and healthy meals.

Purpose. The aim of this study was to assess the reproducibility and reliability of the KomPAN questionnaire among two groups of university students from Germany and Slovakia. Methods. A total of 422 individuals (mean age 21.4 years, SD 4.0), including 197 from Slovakia (men 26.2%) and 225 from Germany (men 22.3%), were tested using the self-administered (SA-Q) version of the KomPAN questionnaire and then retested two weeks later. A cross-classification analysis, kappa coefficients, Cronbach’s ɑ coefficients, and a test-retest result comparison were conducted separately for each group of students to assess the reproducibility and reliability of the questionnaire. Results. The cross-classification values were higher than 46.2% among the German students and higher than 55.8% among the Slovakian students. The kappa coefficients ranged from 0.21 to 0.90 in the German students and from 0.38 to 0.94 in the Slovakian students. Cronbach’s ɑ ranged from 0.58 to 0.78. Conclusion. The questionnaire displayed a moderate to very good reproducibility, which was slightly higher in the Slovakian group than in the German group. Therefore, the questionnaire can be recommended for further analysis and comparison of the dietary habits among Germans and Slovakians on a larger scale.

The aim of the paper was to analyze the conclusions of empirical studies that evaluated the association of health literacy and blood pressure control in patients with arterial hypertension. We were using the method of a review study. The paper has a design of a review study. Research studies were searched in the electronic database sources Pub Med, Web of Science, Scopus, published from 2010 to 2022. Eighteen articles were analyzed that met the requirements for inclusion in the analysis. 16 types of health literacy instruments were used in the included studies. Through a review study, we found that patients with higher health literacy had better hypertension control, and vice versa, according to most research. The relationships between health literacy and 24-hour urine output and adherence to a low-salt diet were found to be negligible. These findings pointed out that the lack of basic health knowledge and skills creates barriers to engaging in the treatment process of arterial hypertension.

Introduction: Intensive care units are characterized by a high level of clinical and psychosocial demands. Previous research indicates that the work environment plays a significant role in shaping nurses’ occupational well-being; however, analyses that simultaneously consider organizational factors, perceived occupational exposure, and job satisfaction are still limited, particularly in the context of Central and Eastern European countries. Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the relationships between psychosocial and organizational factors in the work environment and the level of perceived occupational exposure as well as job satisfaction among nursing staff working in intensive care units. Methods: The study was cross-sectional in design and was conducted in Poland among 226 nurses employed in intensive care units. Data were collected using an anonymous online survey that included an author-designed questionnaire and the standardized “Working Conditions” instrument developed by the Central Institute for Labor Protection—National Research Institute. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, chi-square (χ²) tests, and binary logistic regression. The study was conducted and reported in accordance with the STROBE guidelines (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology). Results: A high psychosocial burden was observed in 49.6% of the participants, while a high organizational risk was found in 69.9%. Higher organizational risk was associated with a more than threefold increase in the odds of high perceived occupational exposure (OR = 3.47; 95% CI: 1.54–7.81). Conclusions: Psychosocial and organizational factors in the work environment play an important role in shaping perceived occupational exposure and job satisfaction among intensive care nursing staff. The results highlight the importance of organizational interventions, such as ensuring adequate nurse staffing, strengthening supportive leadership, and developing psychosocial support programs for staff.

INTRODUCTION: The issue of hospitalized patients’ falls in healthcare facilities should be one of the most essential interests of healthcare employees. Monitoring, keeping of records and the assessment of the documentation related to the occurrence of patients’ falls in a healthcare facility helps healthcare employees determine the frequency of falls. Monitoring of extraordinary events helps identify weaknesses in patient care and point out recurring issues, which influence the quality and safety of the provided care. A reduction in the number of falls in every healthcare facility requires a complex approach of healthcare employees, which includes admitting, assessing, and reducing the risks of falls. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this report was to point out the occurrence of hospitalized patients’ falls in a healthcare facility. METHODS: The data collection was done through a survey method (unstandardized survey). The research group was composed of nurses (n=130) providing nursing care to patients in four healthcare facilities in Trebišov, Vranov nad Topľou a Michalovce. The average age of the nurses was 38.7 years old. The results were analyzed through absolute and relative frequency. The Chi-squared test was used as a statistical method. The obtained results were interpreted on the significance level α = 0.05. The sorting criteria included age, type of department, and level of experience. RESULTS: The obtained results point out that nurses use conversation and observation to assess the risk of patients’ falls. In the research sample, falls occur with an increased incidence. There is a statistically significant contrast (p = 0.02) concerning the way in which nurses in each department report falls. CONCLUSION: In the issue of falls, nursing documentation plays a big role because falls are documented as extraordinary events. Based on our results, we suggest using a unified, standardized tool to assess the risk of falls in healthcare facilities, as monitoring extraordinary events can influence the quality and safety of the provided nursing care.

Objectives: The partial objective of the pilot study was to determine the perception of social support in the field of health in patients with arterial hypertension. The pilot study was carried out as part of the KEGA project no. 010KU-4/2022 implementation of elements of supporting health literacy of the adult population in education in the field of nursing. Material and methods: The survey group consisted of 96 respondents with arterial hypertension. 52 (54%) women and 44 (46%) men were represented in the ensemble. The respondents were aged between 19 and 76 years (average age: 49.3 years). Data collection was carried out using the Slovak version of the standardized measurement tool Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) based on the HLQ™ license agreement. Results: The average score achieved for the entire domain 4 of the HLQ questionnaire: Social support in the field of health is at the level of 3.06, which means that the respondents feel a strong social support in the field of health. The analysis of the results in our pilot study did not show a statistical significance of age, gender, education and place of residence of the respondents in relation to the perception of social support. Conclusion: Optimal health literacy in patients with arterial hypertension is essential for effective disease management, including blood pressure monitoring, adherence to recommended treatment procedures, and lifestyle modification. Social support is an integral part of health literacy in patients with arterial hypertension.