INTRODUCTION: First-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with celiac disease (CeD) are at high risk for developing CeD. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate CeD prevalence and clinical manifestations by analyzing studies that used the anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody test for screening. METHODS: In this systematic review with meta-analysis, studies published in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus were searched up to January 11, 2024, using keywords related to CeD and FDRs. Random-effects models were used, with heterogeneity assessed using the Cochran Q test and the I ² statistic performed in STATA 18. RESULTS: Of 8,764 studies screened, 34 studies involving 10,016 FDRs of patients with CeD were included. The pooled estimates for seroprevalence and the biopsy-confirmed CeD prevalence in FDRs were 11% (95% CI: 9%–13%) and 7% (95% CI: 6%–9%), respectively. Daughters and sisters had the highest prevalence rates at 23% and 14%, compared with sons and brothers at 6% and 9%, respectively. Regional analysis revealed the highest seroprevalence estimates in Hungary (24%) and Cuba (19%), while the highest prevalence of biopsy-confirmed CeD was reported in Serbia (16%) and the United States (15%). Abdominal pain (42%), bloating (39%), and flatulence (38%) were the most common gastrointestinal symptoms, while 34% of FDRs with CeD were asymptomatic. In addition, pallor was the most frequent nongastrointestinal symptom (54%). DISCUSSION: Approximately 1 in 14 FDRs of patients with CeD is estimated to have CeD, with 1 in 4 daughters, 1 in 7 sisters, 1 in 11 brothers, 1 in 16 sons, and 1 in 20 fathers and mothers could be affected. Routine screening for FDRs could support early detection and management of CeD.

To report a 3-month-old boy with rapid progressive orbital intraosseous hemangioma which was treated with excisional biopsy and orbital rim reconstruction. A 3-month-old boy was referred with the aggressive growth of a mass on the right orbital region. The mass was noted to develop over 4 weeks. On presentation this firm nontender orbital mass measuring 5 × 5cm mimicked a more ominous malignancy. The spiral computed tomography scan showed a destructive mass with protrusion superiorly and inferiorly toward the orbital cavity and anterior cranial fossa. The patient underwent gross tumor resection and reconstruction of the orbital rim. Histology findings revealed an intraosseous hemangioma. There was no evidence of recurrence after 1-year follow-up. Due to rapid progression, the patient's age, and lesion size, this case is unique. There were additional challenges regarding complete resection, intra-cranial extension, and significant blood loss in an infant. Therefore, in the face of rapidly progressing orbital tumors in infants, despite the very low prevalence of intraosseous hemangioma, this diagnosis should be considered.

Aims: Continuation of oral anticoagulation (OAC) after successful atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation remains debated. With recent randomized controlled trials addressing this question, an updated meta-analysis is needed to inform clinical decision-making. Methods and results: A comprehensive search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus was performed through 24 November 2025, to identify studies comparing clinical outcomes in patients who continued vs. discontinued OAC after AF catheter ablation. Overall, continuing OAC was not significantly associated with the risk of stroke/TIA (OR: 1.48, 95% CI: 0.84–2.60; P = 0.16). However, when stratified by CHA2DS2-VASc score, patients with scores ≥2 had a significantly lower risk of stroke/TIA with OAC continuation (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.18–0.95; P = 0.04). This protective effect was further supported in studies with well-balanced baseline risk between groups, where OAC continuation was associated with a significantly lower risk of stroke/TIA (OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.34–0.72; P < 0.01). Conversely, OAC continuation significantly increased the risk of major bleeding. No significant association was observed for major adverse cardiac events or all-cause mortality. Conclusion: In patients with CHA2DS2-VASc scores ≥2, particularly when baseline risk is well-balanced between groups, continuation of OAC after AF ablation is associated with a significantly lower risk of stroke/TIA. These findings support continuing OAC in higher-risk patients (CHA2DS2-VASc ≥2). However, given the significantly increased risk of major bleeding associated with OAC continuation, the decision to continue anticoagulation in lower-risk patients requires careful consideration, as no clear thromboembolic benefit was observed in this population.

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has gained recognition as a tool for assessing cardiovascular disease risk. This umbrella review synthesized findings from multiple meta-analyses examining the association between the TyG index and cardiovascular outcomes. Methods: In this umbrella review of meta-analyses, we followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: A higher TyG index was associated with increased odds of arterial stiffness [categorical: odds ratio (OR) = 1.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.55–2.17, P < 0.01; I ² = 68%; per 1-unit increase: OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.35–1.69, P < 0.01; I ² = 82%]; coronary artery stenosis (OR = 3.49, 95% CI: 1.71–7.12, P < 0.01; I ² = 0%); coronary artery calcification (CAC) (highest vs. lowest: OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.51–1.82, P < 0.01; I ² = 0%; continuous: OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.36–2.20, P < 0.01; I ² = 51%); CAC progression (categorical: OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.21–2.27, P < 0.01; I ² = 0%; continuous: OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.29–1.68, P < 0.01; I ² = 41%); and atrial fibrillation (AF) (categorical: OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.35–2.91, P < 0.01; I ² = 92%; continuous: OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.50–2.17, P < 0.01; I ² = 88%). Conclusion: Current meta-analytic evidence suggests that higher TyG index values are associated with several adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, substantial heterogeneity and the generally low methodological quality of the included meta-analyses limit confidence in the magnitude and clinical applicability of these associations. The TyG index may serve as an adjunctive cardiovascular risk marker, but further high-quality prospective validation is required before routine clinical implementation.

Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis, and hormonal factors have been proposed as potential modifiers of risk. However, the association between exogenous