Aim: Our study was designed on the hypothesis that homocysteine levels are a prognostic parameter that can predict the severity of COVID-19 disease. Materials & methods: 117 COVID-19 patients and 3...

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), characterized by chronic inflammation and immune system involvement, and to provide new insights into the clinical implications of RA.Material and methods: A total of 148 participants, including 97 RA patients (both newly diagnosed and established cases) and 51 healthy controls, were included in the study. Disease severity was assessed using the Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28), and the relationship between DAS28 and PIV, SII, and SIRI, obtained from complete blood count results, was investigated. Additionally, C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate measurements were included in the study.Results: The average age of RA patients was significantly higher than that of healthy individuals (p = 0.002). A positive correlation was found between the DAS28 score and the inflammation indices (SII, PIV, SIRI), with 65.98% of RA patients in the active phase and 34.02% in remission. Systemic immune-inflammation index had a predictive accuracy of 75.26%, PIV 71.13%, and SIRI 72.16%. The AUC (area under curve) values for SII, PIV, and SIRI were 0.717, 0.719, and 0.717, respectively, with cutoff values of 611.45, 323.88, and 1.18. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated as 57.81% and 60.61% for SII, 60.94% and 63.64% for PIV, and 59.38% and 63.64% for SIRI.Conclusions: The findings revealed that PIV, SII, and SIRI were elevated in individuals with RA and may serve as complementary diagnostic markers. PIV, SII, and SIRI, as measures of disease activity in RA, may help monitor treatment efficacy and improve patient prognosis.

Aim: To evaluate the lactate/albumin ratio and its relation to mortality in children with nosocomial infections. Materials & methods: One hundred six children were included in this study. Blood gas... Tweetable abstract The lactate/albumin ratio is a useful indicator for predicting mortality in children with nosocomial infections. This study finds that comparing values at 24 h may provide the be...

This study aimed to examine the relationship between Hb A_1c levels and the clinical course of coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) patients. Sixty-six COVID-19(+) patients with high Hb A_1c and 46 with average Hb A_1c and 30 COVID-19(–) patients with average Hb A_1c were included. Hb A_1c levels and parameters examined in COVID-19(+) patients were compared between groups, and correlation analysis was performed between these parameters and Hb A_1c levels. The effect of Hb A_1c levels on intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality rate in COVID-19 patients was analyzed with the χ² test. It was observed that hemoglobin (Hb) and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO₂) levels of the COVID-19 (+) groups was lower than the COVID-19 (–) group, while ferritin, D-dimer, procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were higher. The COVID-19 (+) group with high Hb A_1c had higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), PCT and D-dimer levels than the other two groups, while Hb, partial arterial oxygen pressure (PaO₂) levels were lower. The Hb A_1c levels of the COVID-19 (+) groups were positively correlated with absolute neutrophil count (ANC), LDH, PCT and (K⁺) levels, while negatively correlated with Hb and PaO₂ levels. Hb A_1c was found to be associated with the inflammation process, coagulation disorders and low PaO₂ in COVID-19 patients. The COVID-19 patients with high Hb A_1c levels had a higher mortality rate than other COVID-19 patients. Using Hb A_1c measurements with other prognostic markers would contribute to the patient’s risk of death assessment.

Aim: This study was designed to investigate how procalcitonin (PCT) levels are affected by different pathogens in patients with sepsis. Materials & methods: A total of 110 Gram-positive sepsis, 62 ... Tweetable abstract PCT levels can distinguish Gram-negative sepsis patients from other sepsis patients with different pathogens. In addition, PCT levels can be evaluated to predict survival in pati...

This study investigated three novel complete blood count–derived inflammatory biomarkers Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI), and Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value (PIV) and their relationship with clinical features of Behçet’s Disease (BD). Established markers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), were also analyzed. Seventy HLA-B51–positive BD patients and 114 HLA-B51–negative healthy controls were enrolled. Demographic, clinical, and medication data were collected. Disease activity was assessed using the Behçet’s Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF). Hematologic indices were calculated and analyzed. Binary logistic regression and ROC analyses (with 95% confidence intervals) were performed to assess diagnostic value using BD diagnosis as the outcome. BD patients had significantly higher NLR (p = 0.003) and SII (p = 0.001) than controls. Both indices were independent predictors of BD diagnosis after adjusting for age, sex, and treatment status. ROC analysis showed moderate diagnostic value for NLR (AUC = 0.674, 95% CI: 0.596–0.753) and SII (AUC = 0.694, 95% CI: 0.615–0.773). No significant associations were found between BDCAF scores and inflammatory indices. NLR and SII are accessible, low-cost markers that may help distinguish BD from healthy individuals. SIRI and PIV require further validation. The study is limited by its cross-sectional design, small sample size, and predominance of inactive BD cases.