The possible application of imidazolium ionic liquids as energy‐efficient green material for extractive deep desulfurization of liquid fuel has been investigated. 1‐Butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride [BMIM]Cl was synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reaction of n‐methylimidazolium and 1‐chlorobutane. Molecular structures of the ILs were confirmed by FTIR,¹H‐NMR, and¹³C‐NMR. The thermal properties, conductivity, solubility, water content and viscosity analysis of [BMIM]Cl were carried out. The effects of reaction time, reaction temperature, sulfur compounds, and recycling of IL without regeneration on dibenzothiophene removal of liquid fuel were presented. In the extractive desulfurization process, the removal of dibenzothiophene in n‐dodecane using [BMIM]Cl was 81% with mass ratio of 1 : 1, in 30 min at 30°C under the mild reaction conditions. Also, desulfurization of real fuels with IL and multistage extraction were studied. The results of this work might offer significant insights in the perceptive use of imidazoled ILs as energy‐efficient green material for extractive deep desulfurization of liquid fuels as it can be reused without regeneration with considerable extraction efficiency.

Textile industry is the key user of dyes and hence the prime source of water pollution, which risks aquatic as well as human life. There are various physical, chemical, and biological methods for dye removal, but most convincing is adsorption due to its simplicity. The extensive research has been carried out in this field which has brought a wide range of adsorbents in reach of industries. Freshly obtained off beat adsorbents in addition to direct one present have been used. The present paper aims at the broad classification of adsorbents recently introduced to the arena. The division of adsorbents comprises conventional means like activated carbon (commercial and derived), zeolite, and other nonconventional adsorbents as natural material, wastes, or even especially designed adsorbents, which are inexpensive and clean to use. Also, the investigations done regarding adsorption lately have been compared with respect to their results. The efficacy of each operation is under grave discussion. Up to 95% of the dye removal was observed in many cases with the adsorbent doses in the range of 1–20 g L⁻¹.