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Drastic declines in insect populations are a vital concern worldwide. Despite widespread insect monitoring, the significant gaps in the literature must be addressed. Future monitoring techniques must be systematic and global. Advanced technologies and computer solutions are needed. We provide here a review of relevant works to show the high potential for solving the aforementioned problems. Major historical and modern methods of insect monitoring are considered. All major radar solutions are carefully reviewed. Insect monitoring with radar is a well established technique, but it is still a fast-growing topic. The paper provides an updated classification of insect radar sets. Three main groups of insect radar solutions are distinguished: scanning, vertical-looking, and harmonic. Pulsed radar sets are utilized for all three groups, while frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) systems are applied only for vertical-looking and harmonic insect radar solutions. This work proves the high potential of radar entomology based on the growing research interest, along with the emerging novel setups, compact devices, and data processing approaches. The review exposes promising insect monitoring solutions using compact radar instruments. The proposed compact and resource-effective setups can be very beneficial for systematic insect monitoring.
Alexey Noskov; Joerg Bendix; Nicolas Friess. A Review of Insect Monitoring Approaches with Special Reference to Radar Techniques. Sensors 2021, 21, 1474 .
AMA StyleAlexey Noskov, Joerg Bendix, Nicolas Friess. A Review of Insect Monitoring Approaches with Special Reference to Radar Techniques. Sensors. 2021; 21 (4):1474.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexey Noskov; Joerg Bendix; Nicolas Friess. 2021. "A Review of Insect Monitoring Approaches with Special Reference to Radar Techniques." Sensors 21, no. 4: 1474.
Determining the location of a building’s entrance is crucial to location-based services, such as wayfinding for pedestrians. Unfortunately, entrance information is often missing from current mainstream map providers such as Google Maps. Frequently, automatic approaches for detecting building entrances are based on street-level images that are not widely available. To address this issue, we propose a more general approach for inferring the main entrances of public buildings based on the association between spatial elements extracted from OpenStreetMap. In particular, we adopt three binary classification approaches, weighted random forest, balanced random forest, and smooth-boost to model the association relationship. There are two types of features considered in the classification: intrinsic features derived from building footprints and extrinsic features derived from spatial contexts, such as roads, green spaces, bicycle parking areas, and neighboring buildings. We conducted extensive experiments on 320 public buildings with an average perimeter of 350 m. The experimental results showed that the locations of building entrances estimated by the weighted random forest and balanced random forest models have a mean linear distance error of 21 m and a mean path distance error of 22 m, ruling out 90% of the incorrect locations of the main entrance of buildings.
Xuke Hu; Alexey Noskov; Hongchao Fan; Tessio Novack; Hao Li; Fuqiang Gu; Jianga Shang; Alexander Zipf. Tagging the main entrances of public buildings based on OpenStreetMap and binary imbalanced learning. International Journal of Geographical Information Science 2021, 1 -29.
AMA StyleXuke Hu, Alexey Noskov, Hongchao Fan, Tessio Novack, Hao Li, Fuqiang Gu, Jianga Shang, Alexander Zipf. Tagging the main entrances of public buildings based on OpenStreetMap and binary imbalanced learning. International Journal of Geographical Information Science. 2021; ():1-29.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXuke Hu; Alexey Noskov; Hongchao Fan; Tessio Novack; Hao Li; Fuqiang Gu; Jianga Shang; Alexander Zipf. 2021. "Tagging the main entrances of public buildings based on OpenStreetMap and binary imbalanced learning." International Journal of Geographical Information Science , no. : 1-29.
In landmark-based way-finding, determining the most salient landmark from several candidates at decision points is challenging. To overcome this problem, current approaches usually rely on a linear model to measure the salience of landmarks. However, linear models are not always able to establish an accurate quantitative relationship between the attributes of a landmark and its perceived salience. Furthermore, the numbers of evaluated scenes and of volunteers participating in the testing of these models are often limited. With the aim of overcoming these gaps, we propose learning a non-linear salience model by means of genetic programming. We compared our proposed approach with conventional algorithms by using photographs of two hundred test scenes collected from two shopping malls. Two hundred volunteers who were not in these environments were asked to answer questionnaires about the collected photographs. The results from this experiment showed that in 76% of the cases, the most salient landmark (according to the volunteers' perception) was correctly predicted by our proposed approach. This accuracy rate is considerably higher than the ones achieved by conventional linear models.
Xuke Hu; Lei Ding; Jianga Shang; Hongchao Fan; Tessio Novack; Alexey Noskov; Alexander Zipf. Data-driven approach to learning salience models of indoor landmarks by using genetic programming. International Journal of Digital Earth 2020, 13, 1230 -1257.
AMA StyleXuke Hu, Lei Ding, Jianga Shang, Hongchao Fan, Tessio Novack, Alexey Noskov, Alexander Zipf. Data-driven approach to learning salience models of indoor landmarks by using genetic programming. International Journal of Digital Earth. 2020; 13 (11):1230-1257.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXuke Hu; Lei Ding; Jianga Shang; Hongchao Fan; Tessio Novack; Alexey Noskov; Alexander Zipf. 2020. "Data-driven approach to learning salience models of indoor landmarks by using genetic programming." International Journal of Digital Earth 13, no. 11: 1230-1257.
Current indoor mapping approaches can detect accurate geometric information but are incapable of detecting the room type or dismiss this issue. This work investigates the feasibility of inferring the room type by using grammars based on geometric maps. Specifically, we take the research buildings at universities as examples and create a constrained attribute grammar to represent the spatial distribution characteristics of different room types as well as the topological relations among them. Based on the grammar, we propose a bottom-up approach to construct a parse forest and to infer the room type. During this process, Bayesian inference method is used to calculate the initial probability of belonging an enclosed room to a certain type given its geometric properties (e.g., area, length, and width) that are extracted from the geometric map. The approach was tested on 15 maps with 408 rooms. In 84% of cases, room types were defined correctly. It, to a certain degree, proves that grammars can benefit semantic enrichment (in particular, room type tagging).
Xuke Hu; Hongchao Fan; Alexey Noskov; Alexander Zipf; Zhiyong Wang; Jianga Shang. Feasibility of Using Grammars to Infer Room Semantics. Remote Sensing 2019, 11, 1535 .
AMA StyleXuke Hu, Hongchao Fan, Alexey Noskov, Alexander Zipf, Zhiyong Wang, Jianga Shang. Feasibility of Using Grammars to Infer Room Semantics. Remote Sensing. 2019; 11 (13):1535.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXuke Hu; Hongchao Fan; Alexey Noskov; Alexander Zipf; Zhiyong Wang; Jianga Shang. 2019. "Feasibility of Using Grammars to Infer Room Semantics." Remote Sensing 11, no. 13: 1535.
Various map-centered web services facilitate citizens’ lives. Web-map applications exist for many years already. Due to simplification and improvement of technologies supporting WebGIS, map-based services become more popular and important nowadays. Data quality assurance for such services is a significant challenge. Since many of such applications intensively use open data, approaches focused on open solutions are required. This work proposes a data-quality concept, which is based on intrinsic and comparable approaches. OpenStreetMap (OSM) allows intrinsic data evaluation. Moreover, it is used as a reference dataset for quality assessment of public-sector-information Open Data layers. Equidistant point (EDP)-based statistics enables to filter out low-quality Open Data features. A data-type model carries out the inventory of OSM data. The comparison of raster web-map tile file sizes and calculation of a simplified data quality indicator make it possible to specify acceptable data quality levels. Embeddable instances of quality assurance web services incorporate data features with acceptable quality. This work provides all required software and data for the deployment of such services under liberal licenses. Concrete instructions allow users to adopt the proposed solutions for their platforms. Some generic use cases illustrate the advantages of the introduced shared web services.
Alexey Noskov; Alexander Zipf. Open-data-driven embeddable quality management services for map-based web applications. Big Earth Data 2018, 2, 395 -422.
AMA StyleAlexey Noskov, Alexander Zipf. Open-data-driven embeddable quality management services for map-based web applications. Big Earth Data. 2018; 2 (4):395-422.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexey Noskov; Alexander Zipf. 2018. "Open-data-driven embeddable quality management services for map-based web applications." Big Earth Data 2, no. 4: 395-422.
In the frame of smart city initiatives, map-based web applications (WebGIS) are distinguished by the complexity of client-side implementation and high load on web servers. Web-map applications provide non-typical web content usually visualized by JavaScript code. For such applications, higher-level advanced approaches to quality of service (QoS) assessment are required. In this paper, a method based on the estimation of users’ interest in a web page and the information quantity provided by a web page is introduced. In order to implement it, a proof of work (PoW) concept is applied for verification of real users. Moreover, a novel metric is introduced to calculate the information quantity provided by web pages. PoW is used for verification of real users and distinguishing them from bots. Additionally, it can be utilized for balancing of web server load. For monitoring of web pages, an image-based approach is introduced. Web pages are rendered into raster images. A number of metrics describing an image are calculated. This approach allows users to compare and track various web pages, including rich web applications providing complex WebGL content. Several web services utilize the developed solutions. Analysis of harvested data proves the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
A. Noskov. SMART CITY WEBGIS APPLICATIONS: PROOF OF WORK CONCEPT FOR HIGH-LEVEL QUALITY-OF-SERVICE ASSURANCE. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2018, IV-4/W7, 99 -106.
AMA StyleA. Noskov. SMART CITY WEBGIS APPLICATIONS: PROOF OF WORK CONCEPT FOR HIGH-LEVEL QUALITY-OF-SERVICE ASSURANCE. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. 2018; IV-4/W7 ():99-106.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Noskov. 2018. "SMART CITY WEBGIS APPLICATIONS: PROOF OF WORK CONCEPT FOR HIGH-LEVEL QUALITY-OF-SERVICE ASSURANCE." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-4/W7, no. : 99-106.
Citizens expect high quality and rich e-Government solutions. Map based applications could be significantly improved by utilization of digital elevation models (DEMs). DEMs can be produced using expensive modern remote sensing solutions (e.g., LIDAR). Such data are not available for the wide public. Thus, it is very effective to use contour line maps to derive high-quality DEMs. For many cities around the world, contour line maps available under liberal licenses. Defining an optimal algorithm of contour line interpolation and evaluation of the quality of DEM is an important challenge. In this article, we propose a simple method allowing users to evaluate the quality of DEM produced from a contour line map and define an optimal interpolation algorithm. This method was tested on Turin (Italy) data sets. The results were proved by a visual analysis. The approach is utilized in existing e-Government WebGIS services. This work introduces an information theory-based approach to DEM quality assessment. The results can be utilized in various domains related to DEM quality assurance.
A. Noskov; A. Zipf. DEFINITION OF CONTOUR LINES INTERPOLATION OPTIMAL METHODS FOR E-GOVERNMENT SOLUTIONS. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2018, IV-4, 163 -170.
AMA StyleA. Noskov, A. Zipf. DEFINITION OF CONTOUR LINES INTERPOLATION OPTIMAL METHODS FOR E-GOVERNMENT SOLUTIONS. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. 2018; IV-4 ():163-170.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Noskov; A. Zipf. 2018. "DEFINITION OF CONTOUR LINES INTERPOLATION OPTIMAL METHODS FOR E-GOVERNMENT SOLUTIONS." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-4, no. : 163-170.
Nowadays, improving of accessibility of cloud computing services leads to increasing amount of WebGIS applications. First, internet maps were managed as static files. Then, interaction was implemented by Common Gateway Interface and server-side programming languages. Currently, WebGIS are built on top of advanced Web 2.0 solutions. Geo-Spatial Data Repository (GSDR) is a web service developing for quality assessment of open geo-spatial data. GSDR is deployed in a computing cloud. A non-blocking web server allows handling multiple concurrent intensive requests. Requests can implement geoprocessing tasks required by users. Tasks are processed in-parallel using multiple CPUs. Utilization of Open Source GIS libraries enables to implement various geo-spatial algorithms. A central database allows multiple concurrent connections. One of the most important challenges for modern WebGIS applications is providing responsive design suitable for different devices, such as desktop computers, laptops, tablets and smart phones. GSDR’s frontend provides a generic responsive web design solutions, which may be applied for other map-based applications. The design approach was tested on various web maps implementing multiple visualization techniques including regular feature visualization by various shapes, colors and sizes, as well as, heatmap and tile-based visualization. The found solutions were modularized into a set of relatively independent projects providing the source code and instructions. These projects are available through a number of public version control repositories. One can easily evaluate and utilize the described backend and frontend strategies for any kind of WebGIS applications.
Alexey Noskov; Alexander Zipf. Back end and front end strategies for deployment of WebGIS services. Sixth International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geoinformation of the Environment (RSCy2018) 2018, 10773, 107730I .
AMA StyleAlexey Noskov, Alexander Zipf. Back end and front end strategies for deployment of WebGIS services. Sixth International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geoinformation of the Environment (RSCy2018). 2018; 10773 ():107730I.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexey Noskov; Alexander Zipf. 2018. "Back end and front end strategies for deployment of WebGIS services." Sixth International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geoinformation of the Environment (RSCy2018) 10773, no. : 107730I.
Coastal dynamics monitoring is an actual topic today. Hundreds of solutions are available. Advanced technologies (e.g., automatic terrestrial laser scanning) are applied for developed areas. At the same time, old-school approaches are still applicable, especially for distant coastal zones. More accessible methods including the use of total stations (instead of LIDAR scanners) or even regular theodolites and meteorological data based approaches for coastal dynamics modeling remains popular in research of distant Arctic areas. In this works, Open Source tools implemented for such research activities are described. The first tool implements Popov-Sovershaev wave-wind energy calculation method. The second tool was designed for calculation, integration and visualization of shoreline profiles usually measured by a total station. The tool supports polar and Cartesian coordinate systems. Points can be projected onto either trend line or user defined line. The tool enables to compare different profiles and illustrate dynamics of coastal segments. The mentioned tools are integrated by an extendable application framework. Currently, it supports the two mentioned main tools and several service tools including programming console, map viewer and SQLite database management widget. Tools are integrated by the Tcl/Tk programming language allowing users to deploy light weight extremely portable application with graphic user interface. Two more tools suitable to smaller scale research will be available soon. First, a tool for multi-tempotal aerospace imagery visualization/interpretation is developed. Second, a tool for bathymetry data interpolation and visualization is developed to help researchers converting scanned bathymetric charts to elevation models.
Alexey Noskov. Open source tools for coastal dynamics monitoring. Sixth International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geoinformation of the Environment (RSCy2018) 2018, 10773, 107731C .
AMA StyleAlexey Noskov. Open source tools for coastal dynamics monitoring. Sixth International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geoinformation of the Environment (RSCy2018). 2018; 10773 ():107731C.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexey Noskov. 2018. "Open source tools for coastal dynamics monitoring." Sixth International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geoinformation of the Environment (RSCy2018) 10773, no. : 107731C.
Currently, very few roof shape information for complex buildings is available on OSM. Moreover, additional data requirements (e.g. 3D point clouds) limit the applicability of many roof reconstruction approaches. To mitigate this issue, we propose an approach to roof shape recommendations for complex buildings by exploring the inherited characteristics of building footprints: the disclosure of rectangles combinations in a partition of footprints and the symmetrical features of footprints. First, it decomposes a complex footprint into rectangles by using an advanced minimal non-overlapping cover algorithm. Second, a graph-based symmetry detection algorithm is proposed to identify all the symmetrical sub-clusters in partitions. Then, a set of selection rules are defined to rank partitions, and the best ones are chosen for roof shape recommendation. Finally, a set of combination rules and a symmetry rule are defined. It enables to evaluate the probability of a footprint being a certain combination of roof shapes. Experimental results show the growth of the probability of correctly recommending roof shapes for single rectangles and buildings from a prior probability of 17–45% and from a prior probability of 0.29–14.3%, removing 60% and 93% of the incorrect roof shape options, respectively.
Xuke Hu; Hongchao Fan; Alexey Noskov. Roof model recommendation for complex buildings based on combination rules and symmetry features in footprints. International Journal of Digital Earth 2017, 11, 1039 -1063.
AMA StyleXuke Hu, Hongchao Fan, Alexey Noskov. Roof model recommendation for complex buildings based on combination rules and symmetry features in footprints. International Journal of Digital Earth. 2017; 11 (10):1039-1063.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXuke Hu; Hongchao Fan; Alexey Noskov. 2017. "Roof model recommendation for complex buildings based on combination rules and symmetry features in footprints." International Journal of Digital Earth 11, no. 10: 1039-1063.
We have developed a method for the simplification of the footprints of 2D buildings based on a rasterisation process. The rasterisation is processed within quarters and the urban area is subdivided into quarters based on natural contours such as roads and water objects and not on straight geometric lines (the common subdivision approach to orthogonal tiles). Quarters were organised into a hierarchical model, according to the gaps between the quarters and the stages of the clustering process, using Kohonen’s self-organising maps. Each degree of simplification (generalisation) corresponds to some level of hierarchy. Information theory was used to estimate the amount of the 2D generalisation of building footprints. Simplified building footprints were extruded for the compilation of a 3D urban perspective from multiple levels of detail (LODs) The entropies of 3D scenes for each quarter of the hierarchy and each LOD were compared in order to define the level of detail to be used in the final 3D scene.
Alexey Noskov; Yerach Doytsher. Preparing Simplified 3D Scenes of Multiple LODs of Buildings in Urban Areas Based on a Raster Approach and Information Theory. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography 2014, 221 -236.
AMA StyleAlexey Noskov, Yerach Doytsher. Preparing Simplified 3D Scenes of Multiple LODs of Buildings in Urban Areas Based on a Raster Approach and Information Theory. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. 2014; ():221-236.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexey Noskov; Yerach Doytsher. 2014. "Preparing Simplified 3D Scenes of Multiple LODs of Buildings in Urban Areas Based on a Raster Approach and Information Theory." Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography , no. : 221-236.