Coffee cultivation is of great importance in the world economy. Due to consumers' demand for products with quality and geographic certification, the topic is relevant. The research objective is to portray the international and Brazilian scenario of the coffee production chain, based on production and Geographical Indications (GIs) for the product. The research is classified as exploratory and descriptive in relation to the approach, and as bibliographical and documental in relation to the means of investigation. It was found that the world's largest coffee producers are Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia, and Indonesia. There was a reduction in world production for the 2021/22 crop, due to the low production of arabica coffee in Brazil, but for the 2022/23 crop, an increase in this production is estimated. Most coffee-producing countries follow specific legislation to protect Geographical Indications and others protect them through trademarks. In Brazil, the definition of GI is explained by its species, Indication of Origin (IO), and Denomination of Origin (DO). Brazil is the second with the highest number of GIs for coffee in the world. El Salvador has a GI that represents the entire coffee value chain. Indonesia is the country with the highest number of GIs for coffee in the world and has state support for its promotion. Given this scenario, there is a need to develop public policies aimed at this product. It is indicated for future research the study of these policies and the performance of bodies responsible for the consolidation of GIs in their respective countries.

Geographical Indications (GIs) are intellectual property assets related to products or services that are characteristic of their place of origin. As a field of research, its study associated with the concept of sustainability and sustainable development is still scarce in the literature, with research beginning in the late 2000s. The objective of the present study is to establish the research results on GIs linked to the scope of sustainability and sustainable development, which, as they are multidisciplinary concepts, cover the most diverse areas of knowledge. Through scientific maps, built using VOSviewer®, o SciMAT® and the Web of Science knowledge platform, the analysis of the most relevant studies in this field was carried out to verify how research with GIs has evolved in areas related to the concept of sustainability and sustainable development. The results showed the predominance of four lines of research on the topics of interest: a) local socioeconomic impacts; b) conservation of the environment and preservation of biodiversity; c) governance and effectiveness of legal systems to protect GIs; d) post analysis-GI. Furthermore, the research showed that the topic has evolved, but is still little discussed, especially on the Asian and African continents.

Nas últimas décadas, muito se tem discutido sobre a relação da produção de energia por meio de combustíveis fósseis e as alterações climáticas, o que fez com que se aumentasse, significativamente os estudos sobre novas formas de geração de energia, utilizando fontes limpas e renováveis. Dentre essas fontes, a energia eólica é considerada uma das mais promissoras, pois apresenta crescimento exponencial, economicidade garantia de suprimento contínuo. Apesar disso, dado que as fontes fósseis já se encontram consolidadas, tanto em termos econômicos, como em termos de conhecimento técnico, torna-se necessário conhecer os fatores de competitividade que podem se caracterizar como potencialidades ou restrições para o pleno desenvolvimento da fonte eólica. A fim de conhecer esses aspectos, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo central analisar o caminho da evolução dos estudos relacionados aos fatores de competitividade pertinentes à energia eólica, empregando análise bibliométrica para que futuros direcionamentos de pesquisas possam ser identificados. Os resultados mostraram que os estudos sobre energia eólica e competitividade ganharam fôlego a partir de 2006, mantendo-se de forma constante até o período atual. Foi constatado também, através da análise por palavras-chave e avaliação qualitativa das publicações, que estas estavam classificadas em nove aspectos relacionados à competitividade: Análise Econômica, Concorrência, Tecnologia, Custos Operacionais, Regulação / Governo, Impactos Ambientais, Competitividade, Mercado e Geração Híbrida, fornecendo orientações para pesquisas futuras. Palavras-chave: Energia Eólica. Competitividade. Energias Renováveis. Análise Bibliométrica.  

Objective: To analyze regulatory and public policy, economic, agronomic, infrastructure, and technological barriers in the context of Geographical Indications. Method: This study was carried out from the perspective of exploratory research since it is a conceptual approach, which investigates the main characteristics of the studied phenomenon. Considering the way in which the data were obtained, it consists of a bibliographical study of a qualitative nature, which has the cachaça productive chain as its central element. Results and conclusion: It is observed that the foundation of the GI is based on the relationship between natural resources, the organization of social and economic processes, and cultural and power relations. The obstacles highlighted from the point of view of specialists directly affect the development process of the cachaça production chain, but it is a historically important activity for Brazil. Research implications: They range from direct support to the cachaça industry and the formulation of public policies to the advancement of academic knowledge and the strengthening of regional culture and economy. It contributes to multiple aspects of society, highlighting the relevance of Geographical Indications. Originality/value: The identification of critical obstacles in the cachaça production chain, deepening the understanding of the complex relationship between natural resources, culture, and social and economic processes in the formation of Geographical Indications (GIs) in Brazil fills an important gap in the context of the growing recognition of GIs in Brazil.

The Geographical Indication (IG) is an Industrial Property asset that relates and distinguishes the geographic origin of a product or service. In Brazil, it can be classified as an Indication of Origin (IP) or Denomination of Origin (DO). This study aims to provide an overview of the deposits of Geographical Indications in Brazil, from the publication of Law nº 9.279, of May 14, 1996, the Industrial Property Law, and the recognition of Indications of Origin and Denomination of Origin by the National Institute of Intellectual Property (INPI) between 1996 and 2022. Given this context, theoretically based on the concepts of territory and territoriality, the highlight of initiatives to register GIs of Cachaça in Brazil is highlighted. The exploratory research was carried out through secondary sources and the method chosen was of a qualitative nature, using the techniques of bibliographic and document review. As a result, it was found that, during the study period, there was an expansion in the number of GI records, concentrated mainly in the Southeast and South regions, but far below the existing potential in Brazil, given the existence of socioeconomic, geographic factors, environmental, ethnocultural, institutional, in addition to the characteristics of agricultural activity. Furthermore, the number of IPs registered with the INPI corresponds to approximately 70% of Brazilian GIs and only 3 of them have cachaça-type sugarcane brandy as a product.

Objective: To analyze the Bahia Productive Project, based on the subproject focused on the coffee production chain, as a public policy for Sustainable Rural Development and Geographical Indications (GIs) in the State of Bahia, Brazil, based on territorial planning. Method: The research is a case study with an exploratory character, a qualitative approach, with data collection through bibliographical and documentary surveys and the institutional website of the Regional Development and Action Company (CAR). For the analysis of the information a Content Analysis was used. Results and conclusion: It is observed that the project manifested itself as an alternative for the coffee production chain in the state to be strengthened, encouraging producers to improve the quality of their product so that they can meet market requirements and conquer new markets. Research implications: Public policies are necessary to help productive chains of products that have differentiation in their production as an incentive to promote the registration of GIs, since the contribution they can bring to territorial development is expected mainly in the economic sphere. Originality/value: The combination of specific elements from the Bahian context, such as the emphasis on coffee production in the state and the approach to GIs as an important factor for territorial development. Furthermore, the analysis of the Bahia Productive Project as a public policy to strengthen the coffee production chain in the region and encourage the improvement of product quality is an original element.