The purpose of the research work is to determine impact of the economic growth, digitization indicators and birth rate on female labor force in the Kazakhstan. For this purpose, Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method was used. Data were obtained from the WDI website for period 1994–2022. Individuals using internet, Mobile cellular subscriptions (MCS), ICT service exports were taken as indicators of digitalization, and GDP growth was taken as indicator of economic growth. As a result of ARDL model, Internet users are negatively linked to the female labor force both in the short and in the long term. Mobile cellular subscriptions have a positive influence on the female labor force only in the short term, and however, showed its insignificance in the long term. ICT service export and GDP growth has a positive effect on the female labor force both in the short term and in the long term. Fertility rate has a positive effect on female labor force in the short and long term. Research work includes review of world literature and, based on this, an econometric model for Kazakhstan was created, and further presents proposals on how women’s employment can increase economic growth in Kazakhstan, also a comprehensive literature review and updated econometric model were developed. This research work carried can be used by other researchers for their regions of interest, and further recommendations can be considered in their case study.

The transformation of project management approaches in the oil and gas industry is becoming increasingly crucial amid digitalization and the global transition to sustainable energy. This article examines the role of Agile and Waterfall methodologies in managing IT projects within Kazakhstan’s oil and gas sector. The purpose of the article is to analyze the application of Agile and Waterfall methodologies in the management of IT projects in the oil and gas sector of Kazakhstan, to identify their advantages and limitations in the context of digitalization and to substantiate the feasibility of implementing adapted hybrid project management models. The study is based on a comprehensive literature review, which enabled the identification of theoretical foundations, practical applications, and limitations of both methodologies, as well as their potential for integration in the local context. The research methodology is grounded in content analysis, comparative evaluation, and synthesis of international and Kazakhstani sources, allowing for a balanced consideration of global best practices and regional specificities. The findings demonstrate that Agile methodologies provide flexibility, iterative value delivery, and enhanced collaboration, while Waterfall ensures compliance, predictability, and accountability. Despite Waterfall's dominance in Kazakhstan due to regulatory and organizational traditions, the gradual introduction of hybrid models offers new opportunities to improve project outcomes. The article concludes that a tailored hybrid framework could play a pivotal role in supporting Kazakhstan’s digital transformation in the energy sector while ensuring compliance with international and national standards.