Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are inherited neurodegenerative disorders, and their classification is based on inheritance mode, allelic variants, and clinical presentation. Despite global occurrence, research, especially in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regions, is lacking, underscoring the need for further investigation. The objective of this study was to improve the regions' clinical practice and public health, and this study aims to gather data on HSP prevalence, pathogenic variants, and patient characteristics in MENA countries. A systematic literature review encompassing PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar was conducted. Quality assessment was performed on the included studies. Data extraction and analysis provided insights into HSP's current status in the region. Iran had the highest number of patients with HSP, followed by Tunisia. SPG11 (19.8%), FA2H (8.5%), and ZFYVE26 (7.7%) were the most frequently found genes in the cases. Autosomal recessive HSP with thin corpus callosum was common among the affected patients, with SPG11 identified as the primary cause. Our analysis highlights genetic diversity and regional prevalence variations. Despite limited research in MENA countries, we stress the importance of further investigation to address gaps in understanding and improve patient care and public health initiatives.

Abusing methamphetamine can be considered as an agent that can cause or affect the course of atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS), which may raise attention regarding preventing abusing these drugs.

APCA is characterized as a sudden loss of coordination of muscle movements due to an infection and is the most frequent form of acute cerebellar ataxia (ACA), a common neurological disease in children. We attempt to underline that acute post‐infectious cerebellar ataxia (APCA) can be a post‐COVID complication in children.

Millions of people worldwide suffer from Parkinson’s disease (PD), which has a varying distribution and features in each country. Since there is a shortage of data regarding PD patients in Iran, we present a registry-based study to deepen our understanding of Iranian PD patients’ characteristics, distribution, and clinical differences between genders and different ages of onset. In six years, 4048 patients were interviewed, who had a mean age of 67.66 years, and consisted of 1474 (36.4%) females and 2571 (63.5%) males. Men suffered more from apathy, speech, handwriting, and salivation, while women experienced more anxiety, depression, pain, and psychosis, after multivariable regression. Early-onset Parkinson’s disease (EOPD) and late-onset Parkinson’s disease (LOPD) were divided based on the 50-year-old cut-off age. They were represented by 989 (24.6%) and 2834 (70%) of the total, respectively, and EOPD patients had a higher duration of the disease and a higher positive family history.

Objective: We aim to evaluate the prevalence of depression in disorders including multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD), migraine, and stroke. Also, we detect risk factors for depression occurrence within each disorder. Moreover, we compare the risk factors in these four common neurologic disorders. In advance, we assess the three surveys in order to better comprehend their distinctions. Background: Depression is a globally prevalent Psychologic disorder and common co-morbidity in neurological diseases. However, it is mostly underdiagnosed in chronic patients and causes numerous adverse effects. Methods: We used the database of neurology specialty clinics in a hospital in Tehran, the largest city of Iran. Five hundred nineteen patients, including 105 PD patients, 101 patients with stroke, 213 cases with MS, and 100 Migraine patients, were assessed. They were asked about their chief characteristics and disease-specific variables that may cause depression. Moreover, depression criteria were measured with three internationally used scales to study their variances. Results: Overall, the prevalence of depression in PD, stroke, MS, and migraine, according to the BDI-II scale, were 43.8%, 38.6%, 45.1%, 37.6%, and according to HDRS scale, were 56.2%, 51.5%, 39.4%, and 43.6% respectively. Finally, according to DSM-XC the depression prevalence were 64.8%, 34.7%, 36.2%, and 67.3% respectively. Possible risk factors of depression were lower educational level, disease severity, socioeconomic level, marital or employment status, female gender, higher age, and consumption of some specific drugs. Conclusion: Depression is a widespread disorder in chronic neurologic conditions. Our data suggests the odds of depression in neurologic disorders depend on the characteristics of the patient and the features of the disease.