With the rapid development of the advanced manufacturing industry, equipment requirements are becoming increasingly stringent. Since metallic materials often present failure problems resulting from wear due to extreme service conditions, researchers have developed various methods to improve their properties. Laser shock peening (LSP) is a highly efficacious mechanical surface modification technique utilized to enhance the microstructure of the near-surface layer of metallic materials, which improves mechanical properties such as wear resistance and solves failure problems. In this work, we summarize the fundamental principles of LSP and laser-induced plasma shock waves, along with the development of this technique. In addition, exemplary cases of LSP treatment used for wear resistance improvement in metallic materials of various nature, including conventional metallic materials, laser additively manufactured parts, and laser cladding coatings, are outlined in detail. We further discuss the mechanism by which the microhardness enhancement, grain refinement, and beneficial residual stress are imparted to metallic materials by using LSP treatment, resulting in a significant improvement in wear resistance. This work serves as an important reference for researchers to further explore the fundamentals and the metallic material wear resistance enhancement mechanism of LSP.

Inorganic lead halide perovskite is one of the most excellent fluorescent materials, and it plays an essential role in high-definition display and visible light communication (VLC). Its photochromic properties and stability determine the final performance of light-emitting devices. However, efficiently synthesizing perovskite with high quality and stability remains a significant challenge. Here, we develop a facile and environmentally friendly method for preparing high-stability and strong-emission CsPbBr₃/Cs₄PbBr₆ composites using ultrasonication and liquid paraffin. Tuning the contents of liquid paraffin, bright-emission CsPbBr₃/Cs₄PbBr₆ composite powders with a maximum PLQY of 74% were achieved. Thanks to the protection of the Cs₄PbBr₆ matrix and liquid paraffin, the photostability, thermostability, and polar solvent stability of CsPbBr₃/Cs₄PbBr₆-LP are significantly improved compared to CsPbBr₃ quantum dots and CsPbBr₃/Cs₄PbBr₆ composites that were prepared without liquid paraffin. Moreover, the fabricated CsPbBr₃/Cs₄PbBr₆-LP-based WLEDs show excellent luminescent performance with a power efficiency of 129.5 lm/W and a wide color gamut, with 121% of the NTSC and 94% of the Rec. 2020, demonstrating a promising candidate for displays. In addition, the CsPbBr₃/Cs₄PbBr₆-LP-based WLEDs were also demonstrated in a VLC system. The results suggested the great potential of these high-performance WLEDs as an excitation light source to achieve VLC.

Carbon dots (CDs) are attracting much interest due to their excellent photoelectric properties and wide range of potential applications. However, it is still a challenge to regulate their bandgap emissions to achieve full-color CDs with high emissions. Herein, we propose an approach for producing full-color emissive CDs by employing a solvent engineering strategy. By only tuning the volume ratio of water and dimethylformamide (H₂O/DMF), the photoluminescence (PL) emission wavelengths of the CDs can be changed from 451 to 654 nm. Different fluorescence features of multicolor CDs were systematically investigated. XRD, SEM, TEM, Abs/PL/PLE, XPS, and PL decay lifetime characterizations provided conclusive evidence supporting the extent to which the solvent controlled the dehydration and carbonization processes of the precursors, leading to a variation in their emission color from red to blue. The as-prepared CDs exhibited excellent and stable fluorescence performance even after being heated at 80 °C for 48 h and with UV light continuously irradiated for 15 h. Based on their excellent fluorescent properties and photothermal stability, bright multicolor light-emitting diodes with a high CRI of up to 91 were obtained. We anticipate that these full-color emissive CDs are beneficial for applications in lighting, display, and other fields.

Carbon dots (CDs) are a fascinating new type of fluorescent carbon nanomaterial with excellent photoelectric properties. However, preparing long-wavelength and multicolor-emitting CDs has been challenging, limiting their large-scale applications. Fortunately, a new efficient method has been proposed to co-regulate CDs' multicolor spectra using an ultrasonic microreactor. Inspired by plant leaves, a bionic vein microchannel was designed with good fluidity and high energy transfer efficiency. The optimal microchannel structural parameters were determined after investigating the effects of fractal angle, depth-to-width ratio, and inlet angle on the flow uniformity of the microchannel using numerical simulations. The efficiency of ultrasonic energy transfer was improved by directly coupling the microreactor and the sandwich transducer to fabricate the ultrasonic microreactor. Simulation results showed that the ultrasonic microreactor's vibration resonated along the longitudinal direction, and the ultrasonic intensity of the microreactor was maximal and uniform. A high-efficiency and controllable ultrasonic microreactor system was built to synthesize the CDs in situ. The influence of the ultrasound field intensity on CDs' preparation in a microreactor was simultaneously investigated to verify the ultrasound enhancement, and the PLQY of the high-performance CDs was found to be 83.1%. The CDs' multicolor spectra from the blue to the red region can be precisely tuned by adjusting key reaction parameters such as reaction temperature, flow rate, and precursor concentration. This new method shows promising applications in lighting, display, and other fields, making CDs a versatile and exciting new material to explore.

Aluminum vapor chambers have become an important component used to solve heat dissipation problems in lightweight applications due to their low density and good heat transfer characteristics. In this paper, a new sintered aluminum powder wick is provided for an aluminum vapor chamber. An aluminum porous wick was sintered using liquid phase sintering technology. Using acetone as the working medium, the influence of the structural parameters of the aluminum wick on its boiling heat transfer performance was studied. The influence of thickness on the boiling heat transfer performance of a sintered porous wick is particularly significant. Thinner, porous wicks have better critical heat flux (CHF). The porosity and particle diameter mainly affect the heat transfer coefficient (HTC). At a low heat flux, the sintered wick with low porosity and a small particle diameter has a higher HTC. The HTC of porous wicks, with a larger particle diameter and porosity, decreases slower. The optimal porosity ranges from 46.4 ± 2.5% to 51.8 ± 2.5%. Compared with the polished aluminum plate, the CHF is increased by 1.7 times, and the HTC is increased by about 4.6 times under the same heat flux.

This work proposed a novel necking heat pipe with double-end heating for thermal management of the overload operation. The addition of another heat load was adopted to obtain a higher threshold critical power for the heat pipe system. The thermal performance of thermal switch heat pipe (TSHP) and traditional grooved heat pipe (TGHP) was investigated experimentally, including the threshold critical power, starting characteristic, recovery characteristic, surface temperature distribution, thermal resistance, etc. The optimized TSHP exhibited a larger threshold critical power range with low additional heat load input (from 55 W to 65 W, almost 20% increase), low starting additional heat load input (2 W), good recovery characteristic (less than 150 s from 75 °C to normal after overload), and low thermal resistance with additional heat load input (less than 0.13 °C/W). These results indicate that the optimized TSHP can offer great potential for the overload operation situation with the additional heat load. Such a novel necking heat pipe with double-end heating can be utilized in heat pipe systems to obtain different thermal performances for complicated working situations, especially for the overload operation situation.