Evaluating the effect of different obturation techniques on postoperative pain level and radiographic healing on non-surgical endodontic retreatment (NSER) applied in a single visit in teeth with a single root canal and apical periodontitis (AP). Sixty-three teeth from 50 systemically healthy patients (mean age 34.19 ± 9.75 years; 27 women, 23 men) were included in the study. Residual root canal filling materials were removed. All teeth were randomly divided into three groups according to the obturation technique: cold lateral compaction (CLC), continuous wave compaction (CWC), and thermoplasticized gutta-core (TGC). Pain status was evaluated using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NRS) in all cases. Periapical index (PAI) scores were recorded in preoperative and postoperative 6-month on the periapical radiographs. Data were analyzed as statistically (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). The significance level was determined as p < 0.05. It was found that more postoperative pain occurred in the 3rd-hour interval after CLC and CWC compared to the 7th-day interval (p < 0.05). There was no difference in postoperative pain between obturation techniques in all evaluated time intervals (p > 0.05). There was no difference in the PAI scores recorded at six months between obturation techniques for all periods (p > 0.05). Similar radiographic improvement was observed in all obturation techniques at 6-months (p > 0.05). CLC, CWC, and TGC root canal obturation techniques were found to have similar efficacy after NSER in a single visit in teeth with AP at six months. The research was retrospectively registered on the website www.clinicaltrials.gov with the registration number NCT06226740 on 26/01/2024.

This retrospective observational study aimed to investigate whether controlled hypertension (HT) is associated with radiographic periapical healing after single-visit non-surgical endodontic retreatment (Re-RCT) compared with systemically healthy individuals. Two groups were formed according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria (n = 22). The HT group consisted of periapical radiographs from 22 teeth of 22 patients (mean age 53.31 ± 9.22 years; 10 females, 12 males) with no systemic diseases other than controlled HT, while the control group included 22 teeth of 22 systemically healthy patients (mean age 41.68 ± 12.13 years; 16 females, 6 males). All teeth were single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth with apical periodontitis that underwent single-visit Re-RCT and had a minimum radiographic follow-up of six months. Radiographic periapical status was evaluated using the Periapical Index (PAI), and lesions were additionally assessed by quantitative measurement of the periapical lesion size. Appropriate statistical tests, including multivariable logistic regression, were used to compare periapical healing and treatment success between the two groups and identify potential prognostic factors. The results demonstrated no statistically significant difference in radiographic periapical healing and re-RCT success between HT patients and healthy individuals (p > 0.05), whereas a smaller preoperative lesion size was associated with a higher probability of complete healing. These findings suggest that, under adequate medical control, HT alone does not adversely affect periapical healing after single-visit Re-RCT and contributes to a better understanding of the prognosis of Re-RCT in patients with controlled HT.

This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effects of fiber tips with different geometric designs on the removal of intracanal medicaments during laser-activated irrigation (LAI) in immature permanent teeth. A total of 110 mandibular premolars were prepared using standardized procedures to simulate immature permanent tooth models. The teeth were randomly assigned to two groups according to the intracanal medicament applied. Calcium hydroxide (CH) and double antibiotic paste (DAP) were removed using standard needle irrigation (SNI) and LAI protocols, namely PIPS and SWEEPS, with two different fiber-tip end designs: flat (F) and radial (R). After irrigation, the specimens were examined under a stereomicroscope and digital images were obtained. The efficacy of medicament removal was quantitatively assessed by calculating the percentage area of residual medicament within the canal space using image analysis software (ImageJ). A significant difference was observed between the CH and DAP groups in terms of residual medicament levels (p < 0.05), with lower residue values in the CH group. Significant differences were also found among the irrigation activation protocols (p < 0.05). SNI showed the lowest removal efficiency, whereas SWEEPS-R resulted in the lowest residual medicament values. Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the SWEEPS-R protocol showed the highest removal efficiency for both CH and DAP, whereas SNI resulted in the greatest amount of residual medicament. CH was removed more effectively than DAP, and none of the tested protocols achieved complete removal. Understanding the influence of fiber-tip geometry on medicament removal may help guide the selection of more effective LAI protocols for regenerative endodontic procedures in immature permanent teeth.

This study aimed to evaluate the obturation quality of furcation perforations repaired using two different calcium silicate-based materials under two diffe

The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, awareness, and experiences of patients in Türkiye regarding endodontic treatment. This study was designed as a questionnaire-based survey. The questionnaire was prepared using Google Forms and administered on a voluntary basis. Survey questions were distributed online via social media platforms and e-mail to adult participants residing in different regions of Türkiye. However, the sample was not designed to be nationally representative of the Turkish population. Participants were asked to answer a total of 19 questions. Data from 454 completed questionnaires were analyzed statistically to assess participants’ experiences, expectations, and concerns regarding root canal treatment. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Differences were observed in participants’ knowledge and awareness regarding endodontic treatment. Night pain and toothache or fracture were the most commonly reported indications for RCT. A statistically significant association was found between age group and perceptions regarding the need for RCT (p < 0.05). Within the limitations of this survey-based study, differences were observed in participants’ knowledge and awareness regarding endodontic treatment. Improving public understanding may support informed decision-making and appropriate treatment-seeking behavior. Further multicenter studies are needed to confirm these findings. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-026-08191-z.

Purpose this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the conventional walking bleaching (CWB) method in treating coronal discoloration caused by different photosensitizers used in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). Methods sixty extracted maxillary central incisors were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 15): methylene blue (MB), toluidine blue (TB), curcumin (CUR), and a negative control (NC). In the NC group, neither photosensitizer application nor light activation was performed. Following root canal treatment and aPDT procedures, intracoronal bleaching was performed using the conventional walking bleaching (CWB) technique with 35% hydrogen peroxide. Color measurements were obtained at baseline, one month after aPDT, and on days 4, 8, and 12 of bleaching. Color differences were calculated using the CIEDE2000 (ΔE00) formula. Data were analyzed using Robust Mixed ANOVA with Holm-adjusted multiple comparisons (α = 0.05). Results no significant main effect of photosensitizer type was observed on the overall ΔE00 values (p = 0.097), whereas time had a significant effect on bleaching response (p < 0.001). A significant photosensitizer × time interaction was also identified (p = 0.003). Although no differences were observed among the groups at ΔE002, the TB group exhibited significantly lower ΔE00 values than the MB, CUR, and NC groups during the later evaluation periods (ΔE003 and ΔE004), indicating a reduced bleaching response over time. Conclusion different photosensitizers produced comparable levels of overall bleaching response following aPDT-induced coronal discoloration. However, the temporal bleaching pattern differed among the photosensitizers, with TB-induced discoloration demonstrating a lower bleaching response during the later stages of treatment. These findings suggest that the bleaching behavior of aPDT-related discoloration may vary according to the photosensitizer used.