Due to their durable and simple manufacturing, three-phase electromagnetic induction motors presently provide even more than 90% of the mechanical power for use in industry. Many researchers have used artificial intelligence (AI) approaches to optimize electromagnetic induction motor design (TDO) and analyze performance. There are numerous methods for increasing efficiency and decreasing losses in these devices. Electromagnetic iron losses, that originate mostly within stator teeth and yoke along with the rotor yoke, are a critical element. For the convenience of modeling, electromagnetic iron losses are investigated on a 3-phase transformer rather than an electromagnetic induction motor since they both operate on electromagnetic induction and their core losses follow the same fundamental principles. This evaluation was carried out utilizing finite element methodologies with Ansys electronics desktop. A developed computational transformer model that delivers reliable data with high accuracy was proposed. The performance of the computational model was determined to match well with experimental data for a transformer with the same specifications and dimensions found in the labs of Østfold University-Collage Norway. Using the achieved computational model configuration on the Ansys electronics desktop, the core loss and efficiency of an electromagnetic induction transformer for Metglas-2605HBIM amorphous core transformer and M19 silicon steel core transformer at high and low frequencies were then examined and compared. According to the results, when used in electromagnetic induction transformers, amorphous core transformers have lower core losses, higher efficiency, and superior performance than traditional M19 silicon steel core transformers.

In elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) contacts, lubricant viscosity plays an important role in friction and film formation. Previous studies have established that shear thinning and thermal softening influence both friction and film thickness. However, the distinct effects of temperature- and shear-rate-dependent viscosity on local cross-film lubricant flow and their relationship to changes in film thickness at high slide-to-roll ratios (SRRs) remain insufficiently resolved. A validated full Navier–Stokes thermo-EHL line-contact model with three viscosity formulations was employed to distinguish the effects of shear thinning and thermal softening on friction, film thickness, and local lubricant flow: (i) a thermal shear-thinning (non-Newtonian) formulation, (ii) a thermal Newtonian formulation, and (iii) a thermally uncoupled shear-thinning (isothermal non-Newtonian) formulation. Two parameter sweeps were performed: the slide-to-roll ratio (SRR) was varied at a fixed entrainment velocity, and the entrainment velocity was varied at a fixed SRR. With increasing sliding speed, thermal softening becomes more important for friction behaviour relative to shear thinning, resulting in the transition from shear-thinning-dominated to thermal-softening-dominated friction behaviour. Similarly, thermal softening has a greater influence on film thickness than shear thinning. Shear thinning primarily reduces viscosity and wall shear stress while maintaining a nearly linear Couette-type velocity profile, with only a minor effect on film thickness. In contrast, an important new phenomenon is that thermal softening has a distinct effect on film thickness. When the contacting surfaces move at different velocities, thermal softening produces a non-uniform cross-film viscosity distribution, which redistributes the velocity gradient and increases the mean lubricant velocity. For a given mass flow, this increase in mean velocity reduces film thickness, consistent with the conservation of mass.

Three-phase electromagnetic induction motors are extensively used in industrial applications because of their robustness, simple design, ease of manufacturing, and low maintenance requirements. Consequently, they power more than 90% of industrial mechanical systems. Recent research increasingly applies artificial intelligence techniques to improve motor design, efficiency, and performance analysis. A key focus of these efforts is reducing energy losses, including copper, mechanical, and electromagnetic core losses. This study examines electromagnetic iron losses in a three-phase power transformer, which serves as a representative electromagnetic induction system. The transformer is selected because its equivalent circuit closely resembles that of the induction motor. To isolate core-loss mechanisms, copper losses in the windings are excluded from the analysis. Although transformers transfer electrical energy between circuits while induction motors convert electrical energy into mechanical power, both operate on the same electromagnetic induction principles. As a result, their core losses arise from similar physical effects, primarily hysteresis and eddy currents. The investigation employs ANSYS Finite Element Analysis software to develop an accurate computational model of the transformer. Simulation results are validated through experimental data obtained from a transformer meeting the specifications at Østfold University College in Norway. The study compares the efficiency and iron losses of an amorphous-core transformer made of Metglas-2605HB1M operating at 50 Hz with those of a conventional M19 silicon steel core transformer across different frequencies. In addition, a newly designed high-frequency transformer is presented. The results show that amorphous-core transformers achieve lower core losses and higher efficiency than M19 silicon-steel core transformers, supporting cleaner, more energy-efficient electromagnetic induction systems with reduced CO ₂ emissions.