Objective: The influence of intrauterine and perinatal infections on fetal and neonatal mortality rates and childhood morbidity is substantial. Toxoplasmosis gondii, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and rubella are widely recognized as the major causative agents of in utero infection. The surveillance of preventable and treatable diseases within populations at risk are crucial for public health. The objective of this study is to investigate the seropositivity rates and avidity incidences of T. gondii, CMV, and rubella in pregnant women during the first trimester. Methods: The electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method (Elecsys, Roche, Germany) was employed for the detection of the anti-Toxo IgM, anti-Toxo IgG, anti-CMV IgM, anti-CMV IgG, anti-rubella IgM, and anti-rubella IgG during the time period of January 1, 2021, to June 15, 2023. The anti-Toxo IgG, anti-CMV, and anti-rubella IgG avidity tests were performed with the enzyme-linked fluorescent assay method (VIDAS, bioMérieux, France). Results: The T. gondii IgM incidance was 2.1%; and the T. gondii IgG seroprevalance was 22%. For T. gondii, low avidity was observed in 13.6% (n = 31) of cases, while high avidity index was detected in 75.8% (n = 172) of cases. The anti-CMV IgM incidance was 1.6%; while IgG seroprevalance was 96.9%. The IgG avidity with a high index for CMV was determined as 99.4%. The anti-rubella IgM incidance was 0.8%; while the IgG seroprevalance was found to be 98.7%. The IgG avidity with a high index for Rubella was 99.1%. Conclusion: Seroprevalance of T.gondii, CMV, and rubella may vary according to geographical and socioeconomic conditions. Treatment for T. gondii diagnosed during pregnancy, preventive behavioral measures for CMV and vaccination against rubella prior to pregnancy may help reduce congenital infections. The prioritization of T. gondii, CMV, and rubella screening in high-risk populations, including women of reproductive age and pregnant women, is crucial for public health.

Aims: Cesarean delivery can be crucial for both the mother and the baby, with indications often stemming from fetal or maternal health concerns. In addition to obstetric factors, non-obstetric conditions such as eye diseases frequently necessitate cesarean delivery. Among the eye diseases commonly encountered during pregnancy are refractive errors, diabetic retinopathy, ocular malignancies, and glaucoma. Some of these conditions may exacerbate during pregnancy due to related health issues like diabetes or hypertension, or they may be aggravated by the stress of vaginal labor. Consequently, the decision regarding the continuation of pregnancy, the mode of delivery, and even the choice of anesthesia can vary depending on the specific eye disease and its severity or characteristics. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes of obstetricians regarding the management of pregnant women with different eye conditions, with the ultimate goal of increasing awareness among obstetricians. Methods: In this study, a total of 46 obstetricians and 30 ophthalmologists practicing in Turkiye were included. Participants were surveyed to gather information, as no existing survey or scale pertaining to our study subject was available. Therefore, a novel survey form was developed based on previous studies addressing similar topics, and this survey was administered to all participants. Results: During the study, both obstetricians and ophthalmologists were queried about the management of 17 distinct eye diseases occurring during pregnancy. Ophthalmologists advocated for normal vaginal delivery (NVD) in 13 out of the 17 eye diseases. On the other hand, obstetricians opted for NVD in 5 out of the 17 cases, while recommending ophthalmology consultation in 12 out of the 17 scenarios. Conclusion: It has been noted that ophthalmologists suggest vaginal birth in 9 out of 17 eye diseases, whereas obstetricians tend to recommend consulting ophthalmologists rather than making independent decisions. This trend may stem from the fact that obstetricians may lack sufficient knowledge about eye diseases, as these conditions are not primarily within the scope of pregnancy-related care. Additionally, obstetricians might be inclined to share responsibility, possibly due to the rise in malpractice cases against obstetricians in recent years in Turkiye.

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Orta Anadolu'daki son sınıf tıp öğrencilerinde insan papillomavirüsü (HPV), HPV testi ve HPV aşısına ilişkin bilgi düzeyini değerlendirmek ve HPV aşılanma durumunu belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı çalışma, Mart–Haziran 2025 tarihleri arasında Orta Anadolu'daki çeşitli tıp fakültelerinde öğrenim gören intörn doktorlar arasında gerçekleştirildi. Gönüllü olarak katılan ve çevrimiçi anketi eksiksiz dolduran 384 intörn çalışmaya dahil edildi. Veriler, sosyodemografik özellikleri içeren çevrimiçi anket formu ve Türkçe geçerlilik-güvenilirliği yapılmış 33 maddelik HPV Bilgi Ölçeği (HPV-KS) kullanılarak toplandı. İstatistiksel analizler SPSS 31 programı ile yapıldı ve gruplar arası karşılaştırmalarda Mann–Whitney U testi kullanıldı. p0,05). Sonuç: Son sınıf tıp öğrencilerinde HPV ile ilişkili bilgi düzeyinde önemli eksiklikler ve oldukça düşük aşılanma oranı bulunmaktadır. Bu bulgular, mevcut tıp eğitiminin koruyucu hekimlik açısından yetersiz olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. HPV eğitiminin güçlendirilmesi, gelecekte hasta danışmanlığı ve aşılanma oranlarının artırılmasına katkı sağlayabilir.

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, hematolojik inflamatuar belirteçler olan Nötrofil/Lenfosit Oranı (NLR), Trombosit/Lenfosit Oranı (PLR) ve Sistemik İmmün-İnflamatuar İndeks (SII) ile missed abortus arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmek ve bu belirteçlerin öngörüdeki potansiyel rollerini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif kesitsel çalışmada, 18–40 yaş aralığında missed abortus tanısı alan 150 gebeden oluşan missed grubu ile gebelik haftasına göre eşleştirilmiş, sağlıklı tekil gebelikleri bulunan 150 gebeden oluşan kontrol grubu karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışmaya dahil edilen tüm olguların demografik verileri ve laboratuvar sonuçları, hastane otomasyon sisteminden retrospektif olarak elde edilmiştir. Çoğul gebelik, tekrarlayan gebelik kaybı, kronik hastalık, kanser öyküsü, sigara/alkol kullanımı, kalıtsal trombofili ve anhidroamniyoz öyküsü olanlar çalışma dışı bırakılmıştır. Bulgular: Grupların demografik özellikleri benzerdi (p>0,05). Missed abortus grubunda ortalama lenfosit düzeyleri kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksekti (p=0,037). NLR medyan değeri de kontrol grubunda 2,88 (2,26–3,66) iken, missed grubunda 2,62 (1,81–3,44) olarak saptandı ve bu fark anlamlıydı (p=0,018). Diğer hematolojik parametreler ( WBC, nötrofil sayısı, RBC, trombosit sayısı, HCT, MCV, MPV, PDW, RDW, INR ve hemoglobin) ile inflamatuvar belirteçlerden PLR (p=0,057) ve SII (p=0,073) açısından gruplar arasında belirgin fark izlenmedi. Alt grup analizinde (gebelik <12 hafta), missed abortus grubunda WBC ve lenfosit düzeyleri daha yüksek, PLR ise kontrol grubunda daha yüksek bulundu (p<0,05). Sonuç: Missed abortus etiyolojisi çoğu vakada açıklanamamaktadır. Bu çalışma, NLR ve lenfosit düzeylerinin missed abortus tanısında prediktif değer taşıyabileceğini göstermektedir. Özellikle gebeliğin erken döneminde bu parametrelerin dikkatle değerlendirilmesi, riskli olguların belirlenmesine katkı sağlayabilir.

Background/Aims: Threatened miscarriage, marked by vaginal bleeding during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy, is a frequent complication with potential adverse outcomes. Dydrogesterone and micronized progesterone are commonly prescribed to manage this condition, yet their comparative efficacy remains under debate. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of dydrogesterone versus micronized progesterone in treating threatened miscarriage. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted at Our Hospital, including 123 pregnant women aged 6 to 20 weeks presenting with uterine bleeding. Participants were divided into two groups based on receiving either dydrogesterone (n=56) or micronized progesterone (n=67). Pregnancy outcomes, including miscarriage rates, preterm labor, and mode of delivery, were recorded and analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The miscarriage rate was slightly higher in the dydrogesterone group (9.6%) compared to the progesterone group (5.9%), though this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.729). Both groups exhibited high rates of successful delivery, with no significant difference between them (p>0.05). Additionally, no significant differences were observed in the incidence of pregnancy complications or mode of delivery between the two groups. Conclusion: Both dydrogesterone and micronized progesterone are effective in managing threatened miscarriage, with no significant differences in pregnancy outcomes. The choice of treatment should be individualized based on patient tolerance and side effect profiles. Further large-scale, randomized trials are needed to confirm these findings and refine treatment guidelines.