Hyperlipidemia is a kind of lipid metabolism disease, whose pathogenesis is complex and diverse, mainly related to abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as insulin resistance and other characteristics. Because of their low toxic and side effects along with clear medicinal effects, the food and medicinal homological resources are widely used in the regulation of blood lipids in recent years. The State Administration for Market Regulation website and various databases have been searched for the use of food and medicinal homological materials in functional food products, the categories and frequency in food and medicinal homological resources, the lipid-lowering active ingredients and their mechanisms. The results showed that 53 kinds of food and medicinal homological resources were used to regulate blood lipids, of which Crataegus pinnatifida Bge., Cassia obtusifolia L., Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., Morus alba L. and Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi were used most frequently. The main active ingredients are triterpenes and their glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids and polysaccharides, etc., they regulated blood lipid levels and cholesterol metabolism by activating AMPK and PPARγ.

Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic disease, closely related to oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, caused by reduced excretion or increased production of uric acid. However, the existing therapeutic drugs have many side effects. It is imperative to find a drug or an alternative medicine to effectively control HUA. It was reported that Gardenia jasminoides and Poria cocos could reduce the level of uric acid in hyperuricemic rats through the inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity. But there were few studies on its mechanism. Therefore, the effective ingredients in G. jasminoides and P. cocoa extracts (GPE), the active target sites, and the further potential mechanisms were studied by LC‐/MS/MS, molecular docking, and network pharmacology, combined with the validation of animal experiments. These results proved that GPE could significantly improve HUA induced by potassium oxazine with the characteristics of multicomponent, multitarget, and multichannel overall regulation. In general, GPE could reduce the level of uric acid and alleviate liver and kidney injury caused by inflammatory response and oxidative stress. The mechanism might be related to the TNF‐α and IL‐7 signaling pathway.

Hepatitis B is a global infectious disease, seriously endangering human health. Currently, there are mainly interferons and nucleoside analogues treatment of hepatitis B in the clinic, which have certain therapeutic effects on hepatitis B, but their side effects and drug resistance are increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is urgently needed to discover and develop new anti‐HBV drugs, especially natural products, which have novel, high efficiency, and low toxicity anti‐HBV compounds with novel antiviral mechanisms. In this manuscript, the natural products (polysaccharides and 165 compounds) with the activity of antihepatitis B virus are discussed according to their chemical classes, including 14 phenylpropanoids, 8 flavonoids,12 xanthones, 13 anthroquinones, 47 terpenoids, 6 alkaloids, 15 enediynes, 11 aromatics, 18 phenylalanine dipeptides compounds, and 13 others. In addition, the anti‐HBV mechanism and targets of natural product were also discussed. The aim of this review is to report new discoveries about anti‐HBV natural products and to provide reference for researchers.

Iridoids compounds are one of the main active components of Gardenia jasminoides, which were divided into two categories: iridoid glycosides and non-glucosylated iridoids according to their chemical structures. Relevant studies have shown that components such as geniposide, deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester, and geniposidic acid play an important role in anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemia, and the protection of cardiomyocytes. While the pharmacological effects of most iridoid glycosides are still not clear. This paper’s systematic summary was created by searching for relevant iridoids material on websites such as Google Scholar, PubMed, SciFinder Scholar, Science Direct, and others. Up to now, a total of 94 iridoids had been identified in G. jasminoides, among which 40 iridoids had extensive biological activities and the mechanisms involved in MAPK, NF-κB, JNK signal pathways. This paper reviews the literature on types and pharmacological effects of iridoid compounds in G. jasminoides, in order to provide a reference for its development and application.

Schefflera heptaphylla (L.) Frodin, are commonly used in anti-inflammatory, analgesic, traumatic bleeding and hemostasisas. In this paper, the coagulation effect of the ethanol extract (Set), ethyl acetate phase (Sea) and n-butanol phase (Sbu) was evaluated by prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen content (FIB) assays in vitro. Then, Three main lupanine triterpenes (compounds A–C) were isolated and identified from Sea and Sbu by a bioassay-guided method and their structure were identified as 3α-Hydroxy-lup-20(29)-ene-23, 28-dioic acid, betulinic acid 3-O-sulfate and 3α-Hydroxy-lup-20(29)-ene-23, 28-dioic acid 28-O-(α-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1→4)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl(1→6))-β-d-glucopyranoside) by spectroscopic data analysis. Among of them, compound B was confirmed to have significant coagulant effect in vitro. Furthermore, the pro-coagulation mechanism of S. heptaphylla extracts and compound B were investigated by measuring whole blood viscosity (WBV), plasma viscosity (PV), erythrocyte sedimentetion rate (ESR), pack cell volume (PCV), APTT, PT, TT, and FIB in vivo. Meanwhile, the levels of thromboxane B₂ (TXB₂), 6-keto prostaglandin F_1α (6-keto-PGF_1α), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and (endothelin-1) ET-1 were detected. The bleeding time (BT) was tested by tail bleeding method, which proved the traumatic bleeding and hemostasis activities of S. heptaphylla. The pharmacology experiments showed that the Set, Sea, Sbu and compound B has significant pro-coagulation effect. In addition, compound B might be the main constituent of pro-coagulation in S. heptaphylla These results could support the fact that S. heptaphylla could be used traditionally to cure traumatic bleeding, and the pro-coagulation effects were associated with the regulation of vascular endothelium active substance and hemorheology parameters.

A new sorbent was successfully prepared by immobilizing creatine on activated carbon and then used for separation/preconcentration of trace Hg(II) prior to detection by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Experimental conditions including pH, sample flow rate and volume, eluting variables and tolerance limit of interfering ions were evaluated and established. At pH 1.0 and flow rate of 2.5 mL min⁻¹, Hg(II) was adsorbed quantitatively on the column, then quantitatively eluted by 2.0 mL 0.1 mol L⁻¹ nitric acid solution; other transition metal ions did not interfere with the determination of Hg(II). An enrichment factor of 100 was obtained for Hg(II). The maximum adsorption capacity was 49.5 mg g⁻¹. Under the optimal conditions, the value of the detection limit (3σ) was 0.06 ng mL⁻¹, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) calculated was lower than 3.0% (n = 8). The methodology was validated by analyzing certified reference materials and successfully applied to the determination of trace Hg(II) in natural water samples with satisfactory results.