Background/Objectives: In multiple myeloma, extramedullary involvement confers poor prognosis. Extramedullary involvement in multiple myeloma may manifest at the time of diagnosis or during a relapse, and it represents a severe condition. Patients with bone involvement are referred to as EM-B, while those with soft tissue involvement are referred to as EM-S. Although various studies have been conducted, the number of studies that categorize extramedullary involvement and examine the effects of flow cytometry, treatment, and genetic findings on prognosis is quite limited. We aimed to contribute to the literature by addressing this gap. Methods: In our study, we retrospectively examined the data of 281 patients followed at our center between 2011 and 2023. Clinical/laboratory data and flow cytometry profiles were collected. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier and Cox models; logistic regression was used for categorical variables. Hazard ratios (HRs), odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated; p-values were reported to three decimals. Results: Extramedullary involvement was absent in 134 (47.7%) patients, while involvement was detected in 147 (52.3%) patients. The median age of the patients was 60 years, and the median follow-up period was 35.4 months. No association was found between CD56 expression on plasma cells, higher Revised Multiple Myeloma International Staging System (R-ISS) score, and extramedullary involvement. Overall survival (OS) was found to be significantly lower in patients with extramedullary involvement. Conclusions: The findings of our study are consistent with many studies in the literature, supporting the finding that survival rates are lower in myeloma patients with extramedullary involvement. Further studies are needed to elucidate the pathogenesis in patients with extramedullary involvement in multiple myeloma and to provide a basis for targeted therapies. Studies involving immunotherapy and cellular therapies may offer a new avenue for these patients.

Background and Objectives: The use of cryopreserved hematopoietic cells in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has become widespread all over the world and in our country, especially after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. This situation has increased the importance of the effect of cryopreservation on engraftment, the incidence of transplantation-related complications, and the survival of patients. This study aimed to compare the transplant results between the patient group receiving peripheral blood-derived cryopreserved cells and the patient group receiving fresh products in patients over the age of 18 who had hematological diseases and underwent allogeneic HCT. Materials and Methods: A total of 222 patients over the age of 18 with hematological diseases who underwent allogeneic HCT were included in the study. Neutrophil engraftment time, platelet engraftment time, disease-free survival, overall survival, graft versus host disease incidence, cytomegalovirus reactivation/infection and transplant-related mortality rates were retrospectively compared between the cryopreserved and fresh product groups. Results: No significant difference was found between the cryopreserved and fresh product groups in terms of median age, gender, body weight, hematological disease subtype, disease status before HCT, Sorror comorbidity index, blood group compatibility, and preparation regimen intensity. On the other hand, the haploidentical HCT count was higher in the fresh cell group. The number of CD34+ stem cells received by patients receiving cryopreserved products was lower than the number of CD34+ stem cells received by patients receiving fresh products. No significant difference was found between the cryopreserved and fresh product groups in terms of platelet and neutrophil engraftment time, engraftment failure rate, cytomegalovirus reactivation/infection rate in the first 100 days after HCT, development of graft versus host disease, transplant-related death, disease-free survival and overall survival. Conclusions: Cryopreservation and cell storage is very important in order to prevent complications such as delays in the patient's transplantation process due to donor-related problems, prolonged hospital stay, and related complications. When done properly, cryopreservation can produce HCT outcomes similar to those obtained with fresh products.

Background and Objectives: Relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma is a disease associated with high mortality and limited treatment options. Studies evaluating allogeneic transplantation in the context of newer treatment modalities for Hodgkin lymphoma are quite limited. Materials and Methods: A total of 39 patients with relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) at our center between 2010 and 2023 were evaluated. Overall survival (OS) was the primary endpoint, while progression-free survival (PFS), and acute/chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) were assessed as secondary endpoints. Results: Pre-transplant disease status was associated with longer OS and significantly longer PFS in patients with chemosensitive disease (p=0.066 and p=0.015, respectively). OS and PFS were found to be longer in patients who developed acute GVHD (p=0.034 and p=0.021, respectively). Regarding the conditioning regimen, the reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimen offered an advantage over the myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimen in terms of non-relapse mortality (NRM). No difference in OS was observed between the specific RIC regimens administered (Flu-ATLG-TBI-Cy vs. Flu-Bu-ATG). Conclusions: Despite the development of new therapeutic agents for relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma, consolidation with allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients achieving a chemosensitive response remains an advantageous option regarding OS and PFS.

Background and Objectives: Relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma is a disease associated with high mortality and limited treatment options. Studies evaluating allogeneic transplantation in the context of newer treatment modalities for Hodgkin lymphoma are quite limited. Materials and Methods: A total of 39 patients with relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) at our center between 2010 and 2023 were evaluated. Overall survival (OS) was the primary endpoint, while progression-free survival (PFS), and acute/chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) were assessed as secondary endpoints. Results: Pre-transplant disease status was associated with longer OS and significantly longer PFS in patients with chemosensitive disease (p = 0.066 and p = 0.015, respectively). OS and PFS were found to be longer in patients who developed acute GVHD (p = 0.034 and p = 0.021, respectively). No difference in OS was observed between the specific RIC regimens administered (Flu-ATLG-TBI-Cy vs. Flu-Bu-ATG). Conclusions: Despite the development of new therapeutic agents for relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma, allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients achieving a chemosensitive response remains an advantageous option regarding OS and PFS.