Chiral symmetry breaking of phonons plays an essential role in emergent quantum phenomena owing to its strong coupling to spin degree of freedom. However, direct experimental evidence of the chiral phonon–spin coupling is lacking. In this study, we report a chiral phonon–mediated interlayer exchange interaction in atomically controlled ferromagnetic metal (SrRuO ₃ )–nonmagnetic insulator (SrTiO ₃ ) heterostructures. Owing to the unconventional interlayer exchange interaction, we have observed rotation of spins as a function of nonmagnetic insulating spacer thickness, resulting in a spin spiral state. The chiral phonon–spin coupling is further confirmed by phonon Zeeman effect. The existence of the chiral phonons and their interplay with spins along with our atomic-scale heterostructure approach unveil the crucial roles of chiral phonons in magnetic materials.

The use of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to solve problems, like environmental pollution, disease, and toxicity, has received more attention and led to the rapid development of nanotechnology. In this review, we discuss the basis of the metal-organic framework as well as its application by suggesting an alternative of the present problem as catalysts. In the case of filtration, we have developed a method for preparing the membrane by electrospinning while using an eco-friendly polymer. The MOFs were usable in the environmental part of catalytic activity and may provide a great material as a catalyst to other areas in the near future.

Theoretically, the edges of a MoS₂ flake and S-vacancy within the lattice have nearly zero Gibbs free energy for hydrogen adsorption, which is essentially correlated to the exchange currents in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, MoS₂ possesses insufficient active sites (edges and S-vacancies) in pristine form. Interestingly, active sites can be effectively engineered within the continuous MoS₂ sheets by treating it with plasma in a controlled manner. Here, we employed N₂ plasma on a large-area continuous-monolayer MoS₂ synthesized via metal–organic chemical vapor deposition to acquire maximum active sites that are indeed required for an efficient HER performance. The MoS₂ samples with maximum active sites were acquired by optimizing the plasma exposure time. The newly induced edges and S-vacancies were directly verified by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The 20 min treated MoS₂ sample showed maximum active sites and thereby maximum HER activity, onset overpotential of ∼−210 mV vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), and Tafel slope of ∼89 mV/dec. Clearly, the above results show that this approach can be employed for improving the HER efficiency of large-scale MoS₂-based electrocatalysts.

In this study, the memory device of iron oxide (IO) nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) demonstrates the bipolar resistive switching characteristics under an external electric field. The phase and magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles change corresponding to its resistive states. At the high resistance state (HRS) of device, iron oxide nanoparticles are primarily in Fe₂O₃ phase and the ferromagnetism behavior is observed. In contrast, the iron oxide nanoparticles clustered by the bridging oxygen vacancies lead to mainly Fe₃O₄ phase and no hysteresis magnetic curve is observed at the low resistance state (LRS) of device. The results reveal that oxygen vacancies/ions in nanoparticles notably influence the resistance and magnetic behavior of nanocomposite thin films. Our study indicated that the magnetic NPs is high potential of multi-dimensional storage fields.