In recent decades, cataclysmic events, deterioration of air and water quality, and loss of biodiversity have forced us to look for ways to save nature. One of the ways to solve the problems is to ensure rational environmental management, which is possible by establishing an effective balance between consumption and compensation by creating an effective financial mechanism. The purpose of the study is to assess the efficiency of the current financial mechanism for environmental management in Ukraine and to determine the prospects for its improvement. The study uses analysis, synthesis, specification, systematization, and generalization. The graphical method was used to assess environmental taxes, and mathematical modelling was used to analyze the dependence of emissions on direct costs and capital investments in air protection and climate change. Environmental taxes in Ukraine are an ineffective instrument of the financial mechanism of environmental management. Their share in the structure of domestic GDP is lower than the share in the EU. The author suggests ways to improve them: to replace the CO2 tax with an energy tax; to cancel the tax-free limit of 500.000 tons of CO2 emissions per year; to change the structure of tax distribution; to introduce tax rebates. The correlation and regression analysis of the dependence of air pollutant emissions on current expenditures and capital investments in air protection and climate change issues showed the existence of a feedback loop. Investment support for environmental management should be provided from various sources in the following areas: national, local and international finances - primarily for the restoration of air, water and contaminated areas; own funds and international investments - for the modernization and greening of production.

This study aims to identify the preconditions for deepening economic relationsbetween Ukraine and Poland. It is determined that these countries have a common historicaland cultural basis for cooperation. Poland was the first country to help Ukraine after Russia’sfull-scale invasion on February 24, 2022. The main purpose of the research is to analyze theinstitutional and contractual dimensions of the strategic partnership between Poland andUkraine, the legal framework for economic cooperation, international trade, and investmentactivity, and elaborate on proposals to develop the relations between the two countries.Based on the analysis, the authors present several recommendations for further deepeningeconomic cooperation between Ukraine and Poland in the context of external threats fromthe Russian Federation.

A country’s energy security is an important component of its overall national security, as energy supply is essential for the functioning of its national economy and the livelihoods of its population. The purpose of this research is to develop practical tools for analyzing the condition of Ukraine’s energy sector, and to provide practical recommendations for potential development and integration into the single European energy system. The practical value of the research findings is that the SWOT-analysis (Strengths – Weakness – Opportunities – Troubles) of the energy sector of Ukraine which makes it possible to identify the most acute problems and threats that have a negative impact on the energy sector of Ukraine and its integration into the European common energy system. Based on the results of the conducted SWOT-analysis, three potential scenarios for the development of Ukraine’s energy sector are proposed: a “no change” scenario (preservation of current trends and state of affairs); an “unfriendly influence” scenario (no systemic changes in energy policy combined with the escalation of aggression by the Russian Federation); and a “positive transformation” scenario (targeted efforts aimed at achieving the goals set out in this Strategy). The paper suggests the following possible ways of ensuring energy import substitution for Ukraine: development of renewable energy; development of energy efficiency; development of its own oil and gas industry; development of alternative energy sources; diversification of energy import sources; development of energy infrastructure; developing energy self-sufficiency in its individual regions.

In the paper, the authors prove that the application of the Chinese currency in the less developed regions reveals that the Chinese Yuan, despite its limited turnover, can replace the national currency. The following positive and negative results on the global financial system are highlighted promoting the internationalization of the digital Yuan: ensuring and unlimited transparency of the government and visibility of internal financial transactions; transparency of all offshore financial transactions within a country as well as of non-resident users; providing a framework for the global financial system and controlling the monetary policies of regional economies that have actively adopted the Yuan. The paper analyses that the strategy of the Yuan internationalization was implemented through the mechanism of the currency swap agreements with central banks of different countries, respectively, the growing international application of the Yuan gradually stimulated the creation of the „Yuan zone". It is proved that the Yuan internationalization has become a part of the state strategy of the Chinese government in transition to a new type of economic growth, so the digital Yuan should eventually replace cash and will become the main innovation in the global financial system since the appearance of digital currency. According to the conducted research, it is shown that the main technology of the state digital currency of China accommodates security technology, transaction technology, and reliable guarantee technology. The system of Digital Currency, Electronic Payment - DCEP includes a digital currency tracking method system and a digital currency management system based on certain conditions. Launch conditions include terms of economic conditions, interest rate terms of the loan, the terms of the subject flow, and time conditions.

Передумови розвитку біоекономіки в Україні: інституціональний аспект