Blockchain technology has gained significant prominence in recent years due to its public, distributed and decentration characteristics, which was widely applied in all walks of life requiring distributed trustless consensus. However, most cryptographic protocols used in current blockchain networks are susceptible to the quantum attack with rapid development of a sufficiently large quantum computer. In this paper, we first give an overview of the vulnerabilities of modern blockchain networks to a quantum adversary and some potential post-quantum mitigation methods. Then, a new lattice-based signature scheme has been proposed, which can be used to secure the blockchain network over existing classical channels. Meanwhile, the public and private keys are generated by the Bonsai Trees technology with RandBasis algorithm from the root keys, which can not only ensure the randomness, but construct a lightweight nondeterministic wallets. Then, the proposed scheme can be proved secure in random oracle model, and it is also more efficient than the similar literatures. In addition, we also give the detail description of the post-quantum blockchain transaction. Furthermore, this work can help to rich the research on the future post-quantum blockchain (PQB).

Internet of medical things (IoMT) aggregates a series of smart medical devices and fully uses the collected health data to improve user experience, medical resource utilization, and full life cycle protection. However, privacy leakage, data loss, and inefficient sharing problems are still serious in the data-sharing process between different smart medical devices. This paper first introduces an efficient privacy-preserving model with blockchain to construct a secure data-sharing mechanism between different device nodes. This model utilizes distributed storage form to solve the centralized management problem and provides a fundamental secret reconstruction and retrieval framework. Then, a lightweight (t,n)-threshold secret sharing (t/n-SS) scheme is designed to strengthen the medical data-sharing security and efficiency. It utilizes the interleaving encode technology to decrease the length of original message into n small shares. These small shares are also suitable for data transmission and processing with a more energy-efficient way. It can protect privacy by destroying the data’s semantic meaning. Meanwhile, it only needs less than t(t≤n) shares to recover the original secrets, making the sharing process more efficient. Moreover, the performance evaluations of transaction processing in IoMT show that the proposed model is very stable. The simulation and performance evaluation results show that this t/n-SS scheme is energy efficient, storage saving, and strong fault tolerance than similar literature.

Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has garnered significant research attention from both academic and medical institutions. However, the sensitive medical data involved in IoMT raises security and privacy concerns. To mitigate these, ring signature has surfaced as a proper solution, which offers unforgeability and anonymity. Unfortunately, most multi-signer ring signature schemes require a predetermined number of signers and are difficult to adjust dynamically. Additionally, traditional ring signatures have limited adaptability for IoMT due to their reliance on a single entity. It is challenging to effectively define different signature permissions for users of various entities, such as patients and doctors. Therefore, research focusing on constructing a dynamic multi-signer ring signature for multi-party participation remains a critical and ongoing challenge. In this paper, we present ASMR, an anonymity-enhanced sequential multi-signer ring signature scheme for secure medical data sharing in IoMT. ASMR contains two different rings, PR and DR, for patients and doctors, respectively. It allows patients in PR to anonymously sign their electronic healthcare record (EHR) owned by doctors in DR, overcoming the reliance on a single entity in existing approaches while enhancing the anonymity of the signature. Meanwhile, ASMR introduces the concept of signature chaining, allowing multiple users in DR to co-sign information in sequence. In addition, it ensures that each generated signature is traceable, offering a transparent system. We also formally prove the security of ASMR in the random oracle model. Comprehensive performance evaluations indicate that ASMR excels in both computational and storage overhead. In the best case, computational overhead is reduced by approximately 4.7×-61.7×, while storage overhead is reduced by approximately 26.7×-212.8× compared to prior arts.

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has been widely studied, which dramatically enhanced the manufacturing efficiency and service elasticity. However, how to ensure the data confidentiality and security in the event-driven publish/subscribe communication model becomes a cumbersome problem. To address this concern, ring signatures have been researched deeply. Nevertheless, existing solutions have large computational burdens and neglect to incorporate reporting and tracing features, which makes it impractical for IIoT. In this way, research focus on designing an efficient report and traceable ring signature is still far-reaching. In this article, we propose RAT ring, a novel report and traceable ring signature, which provides publisher authentication, anonymous communication, reporting, and tracing. To achieve this, we adopt the zero knowledge proof to verify the authenticity of publisher data, and the signature of knowledge to trace the signature. Then, we formalize and prove the security of our scheme. Eventually, through comprehensive performance evaluation, our scheme outperforms prior works by approximately up to 51 times in terms of total computational overhead. These results demonstrate that our design is practical and effective for data privacy-preserving in IIoT.