The article presents results of comparative analysis of morbidity and mortality of diseases of circulatory system in the Republic of Buryatia in 2003-2018. The population mortality depends on identification of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, diseases of circulatory system and subsequent co …

Aim of the study. Justification of the relevance of the study of the metabolic syndrome in terms of the view of the theory of health risk analysis. Material and methods. The expert-analytical method analyzes the literature on the problem, collected by searching the databases Scopus, Web of Science, RSCI, PubMed, MedLine for the period 2014-2020 on the prevalence, diagnostic criteria, and risk factors for the development of the metabolic syndrome. Results. Data from numerous studies indicate the influence of the occurrence of the metabolic syndrome of various risk factors: gender, age, genetic predisposition, ethnicity, traditions, lifestyle, physical activity, diet, ecology, the diagnostic criteria used, etc. Currently, a combination of metabolic syndrome with a twofold increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease and a fivefold - type 2 diabetes. Discussion. In recent years, under the influence of ubiquitously increasing urbanization, a person’s lifestyle has undergone profound changes. Mechanized transport, information technology have made a certain contribution to reducing motor activity, changing the nature of nutrition, reducing the duration of sleep, the intensity of occupational activity, etc. Various components of children’s nutrition form eating habits and preferences, subsequently determine the nature of the individual’s diet, modeling further effects associated with risk the development of many diseases, including obesity. Conclusion. The combination of adverse risk factors leads to the development of metabolic syndrome. The data obtained confirm the relevance of developing the optimal complex of medical and preventive measures aimed at preventing the development of MS and its components in the modern population.

Introduction.The study of the elemental status of the population of individual regions of the Russian Federation with the purpose of scientific development and implementation of measures for elimination of revealed elementosis is a promising direction for preventive medicine.The aim of the studyis to study the elemental status of the adult able-bodied population of the Republic of Buryatia, which was part of the Siberian Federal district (SFD) until 2018.Materials and methods.The analysis was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) on the basis of the accredited laboratory of “Center of biotic medicine”. (Moscow; ISO 9001: 2008 certificate 54Q10077 from 21.05.2010). The content of chemical elements in the hair of 130 adults (102 women and 28 men) aged 25–50 years was studied. This indicator serves as an indicator in assessing the impact of the environment on the human body. Methods of nonparametric statistics were used for mathematical processing of the data.Results.For women living in the Republic of Buryatia, the maximum values of Zn, increased levels of Cu, Li, Si were revealed; for men — the maximum values of Mg, Cr, Si, increased levels of P, Li, Se, V, Pb. Minimum values were found for P, Fe, V. Elemental status indicates a significant degree of prevalence of essential trace element deficiencies and electrolyte imbalance. The obtained data can be used as reference values for the content of chemical elements in the hair of adults living in the Republic of Buryatia.Conclusions:Elemental analysis of the population of the Republic of Buryatia indicates imbalances among the adult working-age population.

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The diseases of digestive apparatus significantly contribute into premature mortality of population. In the Republic of Buryatia, the diseases of digestive apparatus occupy third place in the structure of primary morbidity of population (6.7%) and fourth place in the structure of total mortality (6. …

Optimal nutrition is one of the foundations of public health, but before developing and implementing effective programs to improve the nutrition of the able-bodied population at the regional and corporate level, it is important to know the nutritional situation of the target group. The study aims to assess the nutrition and risks of the development of the main general pathological syndromes in workers of industrial enterprises of the Republic of Buryatia. The study was conducted among male workers (n=251) aged 20-64 years, working at an Aircraft factory (group 1, n=71) with an average work experience of 19.72 (16.11; 23.33) years and thermal power plants (group 2, n=72) with an average work experience of 17.00 (13.68; 20.32) years. The comparison group (group 3, n=108) includes workers from the same enterprises without contact with occupational hazards, the average length of service is 19.79 (17.11; 22.48) years. Experts have carried out a nutrition assessment by the questionnaire method, followed by the use of the 24-hour power reproduction method in a computer program. The criteria for dividing into subgroups for assessing actual nutrition were based on the calculation of body mass index and age. We used an automated system for quantifying the risks of major general pathological syndromes (ASQRAS) to assess the health status of employees. Scientists analyzed the results of the study using generally accepted statistical methods. It is shown that the nutrition structure of workers in the main industries of the Republic of Buryatia is suboptimal, characterized by the predominance of the specific weight of total fats, which amounted to 41.03-45.25% of the caloric content of diets mainly due to the high proportion of saturated fatty acids 13.18-14.78%, low proportion of total carbohydrates 38.22-41.09% and critically low dietary fiber content - 2.31-2.50g per 1000 kcal. The obtained significant associations between overweight and various degrees of obesity with the risk of developing nutrition-related diseases, according to ASQRAS results in workers working in harmful conditions at thermal power plants, are probably due to a higher lipid content in their diet (χ2=7.04; p=0.001). The results of this study can be used to substantiate nutrition recommendations at the regional and corporate level. Limitations. The study had certain limitations in the form of survey opportunities, subject to the subjective opinion of respondents. Ethics. The researchers conducted a study in compliance with the Ethical principles set out in the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association of the last revision and the approval of the Local Ethics Committee of the East Siberian Institute of Medical and Environmental Research (conclusion No. 1 of January 14, 2021).