Background and Aims: This study addresses the scarcity of research on Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) in non-Western cultures and women, exploring its prevalence, sociodemographic, sexual history characteristics, and sexual and psychological health factors in Iranian married women.Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 772 heterosexual married women was conducted between 2022 and 2023, covering all 31 provinces of Iran. Participants were categorized as CSBD+ (at-risk individuals) and CSBD− (low-risk individuals) based on a pre-established cut-off point of ≥18 by the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Scale −7. Depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, self-esteem, sexual distress, sexual satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, and sexual dysfunction were assessed as psychological and sexual health variables by standardized scales.Results: The prevalence of CSBD was 3.8% in women. Linear regression analysis showed that lower education, being jobless, substance use, pornography use, paraphilic behaviors, conflict on sex frequency, relationship, orgasm and sexual dissatisfaction, higher sexual arousal, depression, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms were positively associated with CSBD. The univariate analysis, at a stringent significance level of 0.005, mirrored the regression findings. Additionally, women with CSBD+ exhibited lower religiousness and higher anxiety compared to those without CSBD−.Discussion and Conclusions: Raising awareness of CSBD is crucial for health systems and individuals for better policy-making and help-seeking behavior. Identifying risk factors like substance use presents opportunities for prevention, and the association of CSBD with sexual and mental health variables suggests addressing co-occurring issues for improved treatment outcomes. Recognizing culture and gender-specific sexual and psychological correlates enables targeted and effective treatment approaches.

Background: A study on pornography is vital due to internet accessibility, widespread pornography usage, and a lack of data, especially in non-western countries. Aim: This study estimates the occurrence of pornography use (PU), compares demographic, sexual, and psychological factors between users (PUs) and non-users, and identifies associated factors of PU based on gender. It examines problematic pornography use (PPU), comparing usage patterns between PPUs and non-PPUs, and identifies associated factors of PPU. Methods: In 2021, an online cross-sectional nationwide survey was conducted among 1249 Iranians (865 women, 384 men) in all provinces except one, using a convenience sampling method through social media platforms. Outcomes: Participants were categorized into PUs and non-users based on their pornography use over the past year. PUs were further divided into PPUs and non-PPUs, using the Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale cutoff (>20). The researcher-made questions assessed patterns of pornography use, demographic characteristics, and sexual information; sexual health variables and psychological factors were evaluated by standard scales. Results: PU was reported by 30.1% of participants (n = 376), including 27.5% of women and 35.9% of men. Logistic regression identified being male, shorter marriage duration, earlier age at first sex, lower religiosity, poorer sexual communication, masturbation, substance abuse, and depression as associated factors for PU. Among PUs, 13% (n = 49) were PPUs, including 10% of women and 17.1% of men. Linear regression identified the following risk factors for PPU: being male, longer marriage duration, masturbation, sexual distress, and pornography use. Conversely, having more children was a protective factor. Compared to non-PPUs, PPUs reported higher pornography consumption, the primary motivation being masturbation, greater usage among close friends, prioritizing pornography over sex with their spouse, negative effects on their sex life, and increased use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical Implications: Healthcare providers should address modifiable factors related to PU/PPU through early sex education and support. Objective measurements of PPU should be prioritized over subjective perceptions, as many infrequent users feel moral incongruence. Strengths and Limitations: The study’s applicability may be limited by imbalanced gender participation, recruitment of married individuals, and a small number of PPUs. However, strengths include standardized assessment tools, gender-based data collection, and anonymous sampling to enhance response accuracy in conservative contexts. Conclusion: Accurate pornography occurrence measurement requires clear definitions, consideration of dropout rates, and consistent time units. Strong correlations with PPU included frequent masturbation, fewer children, lower education for women, poor sexual communication, and frequent PU for men.

Objectives: The concept of menstrual rights is usually discussed as a marginalized topic; in addition, the realization of women’s menstrual rights faces ambiguous structures and challenges. This study, therefore, aimed to systematically review the concept and the most important structural dimensions of the menstrual rights of menstruators in order to evaluate the suggestions on different dimensions of menstrual rights and to raise the awareness of health service providers in this regard. Methods: In this study, all papers and documents addressing this subject and accessible in international databases (i.e., PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science) and Iranian ones (i.e., IranMedex and Magiran) were reviewed from September to November 2021. Then 28 papers and documents were selected for final review and analysis. Results: The concept of menstrual rights concerned with the ability of women and girls to manage menstrual issues and enjoy a healthy and sanitary period of menstruation. The structure of menstrual rights consisted of menstrual rights in subcultures and religions, components of menstrual rights (e.g., social rights, health rights, educational rights) and menstrual rights in special cases (e.g., natural disasters, disabilities, transgender, etc). Conclusions: According to our findings, decisive evidence was found about different dimensions of menstruation rights, which may have provided useful background information for the authorities involved in national and reproductive health, private sectors, charities, and activist groups in this field. These authorities, in turn, may have used the obtained evidence to perform civil acts focused on women and girls’ menstruation and reproductive health.

Social well-being (SWB) is a critical aspect of health that is often overlooked in adolescents, yet it plays a vital role in their development. This study aims to examine SWB and identify the relevant factors in adolescent girls in Iran. This cross-sectional study utilized a four-stage cluster sampling method that involved 1,247 school-aged adolescent girls from different socioeconomic regions of Iran's capital, Tehran. Data were collected from 20 schools-10 middle schools and 10 high schools-using a demographic questionnaire and Keyes' SWB questionnaire. The school Socioeconomic Status (SSES) served as an indicator of socioeconomic status, encompassing the following categories: SSES1 (developed), SSES2 (relatively developed), SSES3 (moderately developed), SSES4 (less developed), and SSES5 (underdeveloped), which are based on provincial development clusters. The analysis was conducted using the t-test, ANOVA, linear regression, and multiple linear regression models in STATA version 16 and SPSS 24. Of the participants, 18.3% have a low mean score for SWB, 72.7% have a mean score, and only 8.9% have a high score. The backward multiple regression showed a relationship between the Grade Point Average (GPA) (P < 0.001) (β = 2.98), studying humanities discipline (P < 0.001) (β = 7.60), mother's education to bachelor's (P = 0.02) (β = 4.54), employed mothers (P = 0.01) (β = -4.04), daily exercise (P < 0.001) (β = 8.91), and having diseases (P = 0.02) (β = 5.51) with SWB scores. The highest score difference was observed between SSES1 and SSES5(P = 0.002) (β = 6.57). Analysis reveals that the relevant predictive factors of SWB in this study include physical factors (exercise and diseases), educational factors (GPA and field of study), familial factors (mother's education and employment), and school Socioeconomic Status (SSES). Consequently, it is recommended that educational and healthcare centers consider these factors when compiling, prioritizing, and implementing health policies with the assistance of policymakers. This approach helps enhance mental and physical health in relation to this vital aspect. However, such a program requires further improvement through extended studies in other regions.