Black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) fruits are known due to their delicious, sweet and slightly acid flavor and high anthocyanin content. In the present study, the diversity of phytochemical, sensory, and antioxidant characteristics of the fruits of 20 black mulberry genotypes, from the Artvin region of Turkey, were evaluated. As important phytochemical assessments in fruits, we chromatographically (HPLC/DAD) determined glucose (7.22 to 11.10 g/100 g fresh weight (fw)) and fructose content (6.32 and 9.94 g/100 g fw), as well as predominant organic acid in black mulberry genotypes fruits—malic acid (6.02–11.44 g/100 g fw), followed by citric acid. Titrative determination was used for ascorbic acid, finding contents of 17.41–28.33 mg/100 g fw. There was found a great diversity of sensory (taste, juiciness, and aroma) characteristics, indicating a richness of the fruit germplasm. Antioxidant parameters, such as total phenolic (TP) and anthocyanin (TA) content, were assessed spectrometrically; antioxidant activity (AA) was assessed by DPPH and FRAP assays; individual flavonoids and phenolic acids were determined chromatographically (HPLC/DAD). Antioxidant characteristics of the fruits, defined by TP and TA content, ranged from 1951 to 2733 μg GAE/g fw and 508–712 μg C3GE/g fw, respectively. The most abundant compounds of flavonoids and phenolic acids groups were determined to be rutin (47.10–97.20 mg/100 g fw) and chlorogenic acid (51.3–90.8 mg/100 g fw). AA results, measured by the DPPH method as EC₅₀ value, ranged between 16.10 and 25.45 μg/mL; a FRAP assay revealed values of AA between 9.80 and 13.22 μmol TE/g fw. Significant differences in phytochemical and antioxidant qualities were observed among the analyzed M. nigra genotypes. Regarding the best values of phytochemical and antioxidant characteristics, three genotypes of M. nigra were selected to be recommended for fruit production. The results thus highlight the potential for the exploitation of local black mulberry genotypes through crop selection and breeding program.

Bu çalışma kentsel peyzaj alanlarında dış mekan süs bitkisi olarak sıkça kullanılan ve ekonomik öneme sahip, Atapark Botanik Bahçesi’nden temin edilen süs çalısı Cornus alba ‘Sibirica’(süs kızılcığı) bitkisinin kök gelişimini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Cornus alba ‘Sibirica’ Cornaceae familyasına ait bir bitki olup, halk arasında süs kızılcığı veya kızılcık çalısı olarak isimlendirilmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında bu bitkinin çelik köklendirilmesinde farklı bakteri ve hormon formülasyonları uygulamasının etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada uygulamaların çelik köklenmesindeki etkileri çeşitli parametreler (köklenen çelik sayısı (%), kök sayısı (adet), kök uzunluğu (cm), kök kalınlığı (mm) ve kök kalitesi) üzerinden tespit edilerek, belirtilen türler için köklenmede kullanılabilecek en uygun biyolojik preperat belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda belirtilen köklenme parametreleri açısından en iyi sonuç, horman (IBA) uygulamasında tespit edilirken sadece kök kalınlığı açısından kontrol grubu (0.90 mm) hormon uygulamasınana nazaran (0.84) daha iyi gelişme göstermiştir. Ayrıca üç farklı bakteri formülasyonlarının tamamı kontrol ve hormon (IBA) uygulamalarına nazaran daha düşük köklenme gelişimi gösterirken, sadece kök kalitesi açısından 1. Formülasyon bakteri (Bacillus megatorium TV-3D, Paenibacillus polymixa TV-12E, Pantoea agglomeras RK-79, Pantoea agglomeras RK-92, Pseudomonas fluoresens FDG-37) uygulamasında kök kalınlığı 3.67 mm iken bu değer kontrol grubunda ise 3.00 mm olarak tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar peyzaj ve ekonomik önemi oldukça yüksek olan Cornus alba ‘Sibirica’ bitkisinin kök kalitesi ve gelişimini belirleme açısından oldukça önemlidir.

This study was carried out in the temperature controlled greenhouse of Erzurum Atatürk University Plant Production Application and Research Center in 2017 to investigate the effects of the use of organic fertilizers in strawberry cultivation in greenhouse conditions on biochemical content of fruits. As a vegetable material, first class frigo seedlings belonging to Albion strawberry variety were used. The experiment was designed with 3 replications according to the experimental design and 30 plants in each replica. Kokopit was used as the growing medium in the experiment. Roa Plus Organic Fertilizer was applied to the plants outside the control plants every two weeks at the recommended dose. Four months after the experiment, the first specimens were taken and 3 colony bumblebees were placed in the greenhouse. After 1.5 months, samples were taken and compared. In the study, the content of TSS, total sugar, vitamin C, Malic acid, pH and Titratable Acid were determined. As a result, it was determined that most of the parameters examined in the fruits of both control and organic fertilizer application with the activity of Bumblebee bees.