Parasitic infections compromise livestock health, productivity, and profitability, while rising anthelmintic resistance restricts the effectiveness of conventional parasite control strategies. Bee pollen (BP) contains bioactive compounds with immunomodulatory and antimicrobial potential. This study investigated whether dietary BP supplementation reduces parasite burden and influences liver function, hematological and metabolic profiles, and circulating metabolomic signatures in goats. Thirty crossbred Boer × Spanish does were randomly assigned to either a BP-supplemented group (T-BP; n = 15) or a control group (T-CTL; n = 15). Over 49 days, T-BP goats received 10 g/day BP mixed with 50 g/day pelleted feed, while controls received the same feed without BP. Body weight, weekly blood samples, FAMACHA scores, and biweekly fecal egg counts (FEC) were collected. We assessed metabolomic profiles on days −8, 21, 42, and 56. Data were analyzed using mixed models and repeated measures. We identified strongyle-type eggs, presumably Haemonchus contortus, as the predominant parasite. No significant differences were observed between treatments for body weight, liver enzymes, metabolic biomarkers, or hematological profiles (p > 0.05). FEC varied over time (p < 0.001), with significantly lower FEC in BP-supplemented goats only on Day 42 (p < 0.05). Metabolomic differences were significant on Days 21 and 42 but not on Day 56. These differences involved metabolites annotated to lipid signaling, inflammatory processes, and cellular energy metabolism. In summary, BP supplementation demonstrated a potential antiparasitic effect against H. contortus but did not significantly affect liver, metabolic, or hematological parameters. Metabolomic findings should be considered exploratory and hypothesis-generating.

Goats in subtropical and temperate regions experience seasonal anestrus during long-day conditions. This study evaluated the effects of bee pollen (BP) supplementation on circulating metabolic and endocrine measures, plasma short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and reproductive outcomes. Thirty crossbred Spanish × Boer does were assigned to T-CTL (n = 15) or T-BP (n = 15). After a 7-day adaptation period, T-BP received 10 g/day BP for 42 days (approximately 0.31 g/kg initial body weight/day), while T-CTL received carrier feed alone. We measured plasma glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), progesterone (P4), and SCFAs. BP supplementation did not significantly (p > 0.05) alter plasma glucose, insulin, IGF-1, or overall P4 concentrations. Only five does became pregnant (T-BP, 2/15; T-CTL, 3/15); therefore, fertility, prolificacy, and reproductive rate were summarized descriptively. Most plasma SCFAs did not show a consistent treatment-dependent temporal response. Isovalerate showed a significant treatment × date interaction, whereas hexanoate differed overall between treatments without a significant treatment × date interaction. Under this single-dose protocol, BP did not consistently modify circulating metabolic–endocrine markers or improve reproductive performance during the suboptimal breeding season. Future studies should include dose-ranging, direct rumen measurements, and adequately powered reproductive endpoints.