In the context of the global decline in natural populations of sturgeon fish and increased requirements for the environmental safety of aquaculture, the search for alternatives to antibiotics is of particular importance. The use of bacteriocins, particularly nisin, a natural antimicrobial peptide that is approved for use in the food industry, is a promising approach. The aim of this study is to comprehensively evaluate the impact of the bacteriocin nisin on the growth and survival of one-year-old sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus, 1758), a valuable species in modern sturgeon farming. The experiment was conducted in a laboratory aquaculture facility using two groups of fish. The control group received a basic diet, while the experimental group received a diet with 0.1% nisin added. Hydrochemical parameters of the water were monitored for 28 days to ensure optimal conditions. Morphometric indicators and survival rates of the hydrobionts were analyzed to assess the effectiveness of the supplement. The results of the study showed a statistically significant positive effect of the lowland on the production qualities of sterlet. In the experimental group, the average individual weight increased by 19.14%, and the total body length increased by 7% compared to the control group. The absolute increase in weight in the experimental group was 25.20 g, compared to 18.80 g in the control group. The most significant effect of the lowland was the increase in the survival rate of the young fish to 76%, which was 28% higher than in the control group (48%). The data obtained demonstrate that the inclusion of nisin in compound feed not only stimulates growth, but also significantly increases the survival rate of young sterlet. The results of the work confirm the prospects of using nisin as an effective and safe feed additive in industrial sturgeon farming, which minimizes the risks associated with the use of traditional antibiotics.