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Zhifeng Jia
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China

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Journal article
Published: 05 August 2020 in Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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In agricultural production, the main cause of groundwater pollution has been the leakage of total Nitrogen (TN) caused by excessive water and fertilizer application. In this study, an experiment combining a field and indoors was used to seek optimal coupling scheme and prevent groundwater...

ACS Style

Zhiqiang Zhao; Zhifeng Jia; Zilong Guan; Feimin Zheng; Tingting Wei; Danying Wang. Nitrogen Utilization Characteristics and Their Influence on Groundwater in the Weishan Irrigation Region. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 2020, 29, 4425 -4435.

AMA Style

Zhiqiang Zhao, Zhifeng Jia, Zilong Guan, Feimin Zheng, Tingting Wei, Danying Wang. Nitrogen Utilization Characteristics and Their Influence on Groundwater in the Weishan Irrigation Region. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 2020; 29 (6):4425-4435.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhiqiang Zhao; Zhifeng Jia; Zilong Guan; Feimin Zheng; Tingting Wei; Danying Wang. 2020. "Nitrogen Utilization Characteristics and Their Influence on Groundwater in the Weishan Irrigation Region." Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 29, no. 6: 4425-4435.

Article
Published: 15 July 2019 in Journal of Earth System Science
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Rapid identification of inrush water sources is vital for the safe operation of a coal mine. Hydrogeochemical (fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and cluster analysis method) and isotope analyses are applied to identify the inrush water sources of the Mindong No. 1 mine, which is located in north-east Inner Mongolia, China. The clustering analysis and isotope analysis results show that the inrush water sources are from aquifer 1 (A1), aquifer 2 (A2) and Yimin river. However, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation shows that the inrush water sources are from A2, aquifer 3 (A3) and Yimin river. Considering the hydrogeological conditions of the study area, it is concluded that the inrush water sources are A1, A2 and Yimin river, with mixing ratios of 30.8%, 60.6% and 8.6%, respectively. The application of multiple methods makes the conclusion more reliable. Additionally, this study improves the speed and effectiveness of the identification of inrush water sources in coal mines and provides a practical reference for research related to mine water inrush to ensure the safe operation of coal mines.

ACS Style

Zilong Guan; Zhifeng Jia; Zhiqiang Zhao; Qiying You. Identification of inrush water recharge sources using hydrochemistry and stable isotopes: A case study of Mindong No. 1 coal mine in north-east Inner Mongolia, China. Journal of Earth System Science 2019, 128, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Zilong Guan, Zhifeng Jia, Zhiqiang Zhao, Qiying You. Identification of inrush water recharge sources using hydrochemistry and stable isotopes: A case study of Mindong No. 1 coal mine in north-east Inner Mongolia, China. Journal of Earth System Science. 2019; 128 (7):1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zilong Guan; Zhifeng Jia; Zhiqiang Zhao; Qiying You. 2019. "Identification of inrush water recharge sources using hydrochemistry and stable isotopes: A case study of Mindong No. 1 coal mine in north-east Inner Mongolia, China." Journal of Earth System Science 128, no. 7: 1-12.

Journal article
Published: 29 June 2019 in Water
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The hydrologic process of the sandy desert remains a focus in research in arid areas. Three major natural phenomena that can indicate the hydrological cycle in the extremely dry Badain Jaran Desert were found, namely the assemblage of megadune microrelief and evaporite, megadune vegetation and microrelief, as well as lakeside runoff and vegetation. The microrelief sand layer water, evaporite minerals, and lakeside hydrogeological features were analyzed by the drying and weighing method, environmental scanning electron microscopy with energy spectrum analysis functions, and a hydrogeological borehole survey. The water content of the microrelief 0–0.5 m sand layer is between 4.7% and 9.3%. The evaporite minerals are mainly composed of calcite (CaCO3) and gypsum (CaSO4). The shallow groundwater system in the off-shore area of lakes consists of an aeolian sand layer, a peat layer, and a lacustrine sedimentary layer, and the phreatic water with a thickness of 20 cm to 40 cm is reserved in the bottom of aeolian sand layer with a peat layer as a waterproof baseboard. Based on these results, the above three natural phenomena can be explained as follows: (1) The assemblage of megadune microrelief and evaporite was caused by the outcropping of water from megadune vadose zone in the form of preferential flow for a long time. Its leading edge differential wind erosion and calcium cemented fine sand layer indicate that water from the megadune vadose zone moves to and recharges the microrelief water along the micro-scale fine sand layer, during which, it features a multiple layer as it is controlled by a vertical dune bedding structure. (2) The small-scale assemblage of megadune vegetation and microrelief indicates that the water from the megadune vadose zone moved laterally and led to vegetation development, and the assemblage of microrelief and vegetation at a slope scale indicates that the vadose zone water presented multilayer enrichment and runoff producing due, to a great extent, to the bedding structures of different spacial locations. (3) The assemblage of lakeside runoff and vegetation is related to the phreatic water recharged by precipitation surrounding the lake, which indicates that the megadune water recharged by precipitation moved to the bottom of the megadune and constituted supply to the lake water. The three assemblages fully demonstrate that the megadune water recharged by precipitation in this desert could recharge the groundwater water and even lake water in the form of preferential flow due to the control of the bedding structure of different scales within the megadune. The results of lake water balance and the occurrence conditions of phreatic water surrounding the lake imply that the precipitation in this desert plays an important role in sustaining the lake. This study provides reliable evidence for revealing the essence of the hydrological cycle and the source of lake water in the Badain Jaran Desert, which indicates that...

ACS Style

Yandong Ma; Jingbo Zhao; Tianjie Shao; Zhifeng Jia; Zhiqiang Zhao; Zilong Guan. Hydrological Cycle and Lake Water Source Indicated by Microrelief-Evaporite-Vegetation-Runoff Assemblage of Badain Jaran Desert. Water 2019, 11, 1350 .

AMA Style

Yandong Ma, Jingbo Zhao, Tianjie Shao, Zhifeng Jia, Zhiqiang Zhao, Zilong Guan. Hydrological Cycle and Lake Water Source Indicated by Microrelief-Evaporite-Vegetation-Runoff Assemblage of Badain Jaran Desert. Water. 2019; 11 (7):1350.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yandong Ma; Jingbo Zhao; Tianjie Shao; Zhifeng Jia; Zhiqiang Zhao; Zilong Guan. 2019. "Hydrological Cycle and Lake Water Source Indicated by Microrelief-Evaporite-Vegetation-Runoff Assemblage of Badain Jaran Desert." Water 11, no. 7: 1350.

Journal article
Published: 12 June 2019 in Water
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Mulched drip irrigation has been widely used in agricultural planting in arid and semi-arid regions. The dynamics and distribution of soil salinity under mulched drip irrigation greatly affect crop growth and yield. However, there are still different views on the distribution and dynamics of soil salinity under long-term mulched drip irrigation due to complex factors (climate, groundwater, irrigation, and soil). Therefore, the soil salinity of newly reclaimed salt wasteland was monitored for 9 years (2008–2016), and the effects of soil water on soil salinity distribution under mulched drip irrigation have also been explored. The results indicated that the soil salinity decreased sharply in 3–4 years of implementation of mulched drip irrigation, and then began to fluctuate to different degrees and showed slight re-accumulation. During the growth period, soil salinity was relatively high at pre-sowing, and after a period of decline soil salinity tends to increase in the late harvest period. The vertical distribution of soil texture had a significant effect on the distribution of soil salinity. Salt accumulated near the soil layer transiting from coarse soil to fine soil. After a single irrigation, the soil water content in the 30–70 cm layer under the cotton plant undergoes a ‘high–low–high’ change pattern, and the soil salt firstly moved to the deep layer (below 70 cm), and then showed upward migration tendency with the weakening of irrigation water infiltration. The results may contribute to the scientific extension of mulched drip irrigation and the farmland management under long-term mulched drip irrigation.

ACS Style

Zilong Guan; Zhifeng Jia; Zhiqiang Zhao; Qiying You. Dynamics and Distribution of Soil Salinity under Long-Term Mulched Drip Irrigation in an Arid Area of Northwestern China. Water 2019, 11, 1225 .

AMA Style

Zilong Guan, Zhifeng Jia, Zhiqiang Zhao, Qiying You. Dynamics and Distribution of Soil Salinity under Long-Term Mulched Drip Irrigation in an Arid Area of Northwestern China. Water. 2019; 11 (6):1225.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zilong Guan; Zhifeng Jia; Zhiqiang Zhao; Qiying You. 2019. "Dynamics and Distribution of Soil Salinity under Long-Term Mulched Drip Irrigation in an Arid Area of Northwestern China." Water 11, no. 6: 1225.

Journal article
Published: 30 May 2019 in Water
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With the improvement of short-term flood forecasting and short-term rainfall forecast accuracy, as well as the advance of hydrological and meteorological information collection and collation methods, the reservoir flood regulation method taking rainfall or inflow forecast into consideration is gaining more and more attention. As the index of Forecast-Based Operation (FBO), the forecasted factor plays an important part in determining success or failure of FBO due to its uncertainty and accuracy. In this study, possible risk sources were analyzed considering the process and the characteristics of reservoir flood regulation firstly, and the uncertainty of the forecast information and the FBO risks were discussed based on hypothesis testing. Then, combined with the case study of applying FBO on Ankang Reservoir, in which the forecasted net rainfall was selected as the index of the FBO rules, the probability distribution of the forecasted net rainfall errors was derived as the basis of risk analysis. Finally, FBO risk analysis was conducted based on Monte Carlo method for several real flood processes, while a simulation was also carried out with the Conventional Operation (CO) for contrast. The results indicate that the maximum risk was reduced more than half when FBO was adopted. Consequently, the possible remedial measures were put forward in the case of invalid forecast happened based on simulation and the analysis of the principle of flood regulation. The conclusions and methods in this research provide ideas for real-time flood regulation and risk management of reservoirs.

ACS Style

Zhao Liu; Jiawei Lyu; Zhifeng Jia; Lixia Wang; Bin Xu. Risks Analysis and Response of Forecast-Based Operation for Ankang Reservoir Flood Control. Water 2019, 11, 1134 .

AMA Style

Zhao Liu, Jiawei Lyu, Zhifeng Jia, Lixia Wang, Bin Xu. Risks Analysis and Response of Forecast-Based Operation for Ankang Reservoir Flood Control. Water. 2019; 11 (6):1134.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhao Liu; Jiawei Lyu; Zhifeng Jia; Lixia Wang; Bin Xu. 2019. "Risks Analysis and Response of Forecast-Based Operation for Ankang Reservoir Flood Control." Water 11, no. 6: 1134.

Journal article
Published: 07 May 2019 in Water
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A chronic decline of the groundwater levels has become one of the hot issues affecting groundwater resources management. The rising global temperature, the high frequency of extreme weather (higher temperature and stronger evaporation, heavy or less rainfall), and unreasonable management policies have become important driving factors, causing a dynamic change in groundwater levels, in many regions. This study aims to explore the impact of climate and non-climate factors on groundwater levels in the Jinghuiqu irrigation district. The climatic phases were defined by rainfall anomalies, and the Mann–Kendall trend test statistic (M–K test) and Sen’s slope method were used to statistically analyze the influence of temperature (1950–2017) and rainfall (1980–2017) on the groundwater level. The results showed that: (1) Dry, normal, and wet phases occurred alternately, including two normal, two wet, and one dry periods (Wet 1980–1984; Normal 1985–1996; Dry 1997–2002; Wet 2003–2011; Normal 2012–2017). (2) The groundwater levels in the dry phase, decreased significantly by 0.62 m/year (p < 0.05), and the groundwater levels in the wet phases did not have a complete recovery, due to the excessive extraction of groundwater. Meanwhile, extreme weather became an important signal to reflect the change of groundwater levels. (3) The groundwater levels decreased significantly in the west and northwest (p < 0.05), but not in the southeast, due to the regional difference of groundwater extraction, which is the primary factor resulting in a chronic decline of groundwater levels. (4) Besides human activities, temperature had a higher correlation with groundwater levels (p < 0.05), which indicated that the potential impact of climate change on groundwater levels should not be ignored while setting groundwater resource management policies for a sustainable cycle of atmosphere–land–water.

ACS Style

Zhiqiang Zhao; Zhifeng Jia; Zilong Guan; Chunyan Xu. The Effect of Climatic and Non-climatic Factors on Groundwater Levels in the Jinghuiqu Irrigation District of the Shaanxi Province, China. Water 2019, 11, 956 .

AMA Style

Zhiqiang Zhao, Zhifeng Jia, Zilong Guan, Chunyan Xu. The Effect of Climatic and Non-climatic Factors on Groundwater Levels in the Jinghuiqu Irrigation District of the Shaanxi Province, China. Water. 2019; 11 (5):956.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhiqiang Zhao; Zhifeng Jia; Zilong Guan; Chunyan Xu. 2019. "The Effect of Climatic and Non-climatic Factors on Groundwater Levels in the Jinghuiqu Irrigation District of the Shaanxi Province, China." Water 11, no. 5: 956.

Journal article
Published: 09 April 2019 in Water
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Dew is a significant water resource in arid desert areas. However, information regarding dew is scarce because it is difficult to measure due to the harsh environment of locations such as Gurbantunggut Desert, China. In this study, a non-destructive field experiment was conducted from 2015 to 2018 at a desert test station located in the western edge of the Gurbantunggut Desert, using a calibrated leaf wetness sensor (LWS) to measure dew yield. The results are as follows: (1) Dew formed after sunset with the atmospheric temperature gradually dropping and evaporated after sunrise with the temperature increasing in the second morning. (2) Dew was featured as ‘high frequency and low yield’. The average daily dew yield during dew days was 0.10 mm with a daily maximum of 0.62 mm, while dew days accounted for 44% of the total monitoring days, with a monthly maximum of 25 days. Compared with rainfall, dew days were two times as frequent as rainy days, while the average annual dewfall (12.21 mm) was about 1/11th of the average annual rainfall (134.6 mm), which indicates the dew contribution to regional water balance is about 9%. (3) March–April and October–November are the main periods of dew occurrence in this region because accumulated snow begins to melt slowly in March–April, providing sufficient vapor for dew formation, and the air temperature difference between day and night in October–November is the highest in the year, meaning that the temperature drops rapidly at night, making it easier to reach the dewpoint for vapor condensation. (4) Daily dew yield (D) was positively correlated to relative humidity (RH) and the difference between soil temperature at 10 cm below the ground and surface soil temperature (Tss), and negatively correlated to wind speed (V), air temperature (Ta), surface soil temperature (Ts), cloud cover (N), dewpoint temperature (Td) and the difference between air temperature and dewpoint temperature (Tad). It should be noted that the measured values of all factors above were the average value of the overnight period. The multivariate regression equation, D = −0.705 + 0.011 ×RH− 0.006 ×N− 0.01 × V, can estimate the daily dew yield with the thresholds of the parameters, i.e., RH > 70%, N < 7 (oktas) and V < 6 m/s.

ACS Style

Zhifeng Jia; Zhiqiang Zhao; QianYi Zhang; Weichen Wu. Dew Yield and Its Influencing Factors at the Western Edge of Gurbantunggut Desert, China. Water 2019, 11, 733 .

AMA Style

Zhifeng Jia, Zhiqiang Zhao, QianYi Zhang, Weichen Wu. Dew Yield and Its Influencing Factors at the Western Edge of Gurbantunggut Desert, China. Water. 2019; 11 (4):733.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhifeng Jia; Zhiqiang Zhao; QianYi Zhang; Weichen Wu. 2019. "Dew Yield and Its Influencing Factors at the Western Edge of Gurbantunggut Desert, China." Water 11, no. 4: 733.

Journal article
Published: 11 January 2019 in Water
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Compared to rain, dew is an important supplementary source of water for the survival of certain plants and animals in drylands. However, the hydrology of dew has not yet been fully investigated due to difficulties in measuring the amount and duration of it. In this study, a 3-year in-situ monitoring experiment was conducted from 2014 to 2016 in the semi-arid Sanyuan County, Shaanxi Province of China, using a leaf wetness sensor (LWS) and four associated meteorological instruments. Results showed that the average annual total dewfall was 32.8 mm with a daily maximum of 0.88 mm. The majority of daily dew occurred in the night from 18:00 to 8:00 with the maximum condensation rate occurring at around 4:00. The maximum dew residence time was about 18 h/day on the dew days in all seasons. However, the actual dew production period was about 14 h in spring (March–May), autumn (September–November), and winter (December–February), and only 11 h in summer (June–August). The maximum intensity and amount of dew always occurred in autumn (with an average amount of 12.2 mm or 37% of the annual total), followed closely by spring (11.4 mm, 35%), with much less in summer (6.6 mm, 20%) and winter (2.6 mm, 8%). The annual dew distribution by months showed a double crest variation, with two peaks in April–May and October–November, and two valleys in January–February and July. Comparatively, annual dewfall is only about 1/18th of the rainfall in this region, but the number of dew days (224 days, or 61% of year) is 2.6 times that of rain days (87 days, 24%), making dew a critical supplementary source of water for mitigating dry periods and supporting native plants and animals. Rain and dew are highly complementary as dew occurs in cloudless nights while the rain occurs in different and on much fewer occasions in the region. The dew amount was highly and positively correlated to the relative humidity of the air above the threshold of 81% (r = 0.78, p < 0.01), negatively correlated to the difference between air temperature Ta and dewpoint Td, when (Ta − Td) is less than 4 °C (r = −0.66, p < 0.01), and weakly correlated to wind speed (0.2 to 2 m·s−1), wind direction, surface soil moisture, and temperature. In the Sanyuan region, two general wind directions, 30°–90°and 210°–270°, were more favorable for the formation of dew.

ACS Style

Zhifeng Jia; Zhi Wang; Hao Wang. Characteristics of Dew Formation in the Semi-Arid Loess Plateau of Central Shaanxi Province, China. Water 2019, 11, 126 .

AMA Style

Zhifeng Jia, Zhi Wang, Hao Wang. Characteristics of Dew Formation in the Semi-Arid Loess Plateau of Central Shaanxi Province, China. Water. 2019; 11 (1):126.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhifeng Jia; Zhi Wang; Hao Wang. 2019. "Characteristics of Dew Formation in the Semi-Arid Loess Plateau of Central Shaanxi Province, China." Water 11, no. 1: 126.