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Dr. Joseph M Mbui
Level 4 12 Wally’s Walk, Room 405, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia

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0 Coral Reefs
0 Remote Sensing
0 ocean color
0 Conservation Planning
0 Coastal socio-ecological systems

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Journal article
Published: 16 August 2021 in Journal of Environmental Management
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Among the many causes of habitat loss, urbanization coupled with climate change has produced some of the greatest local extinction rates and has led to the loss of many native species. Managing native vegetation in a rapidly expanding urban setting requires land management strategies that are cognizant of these impacts and how species and communities may adapt to a future climate. Here, we demonstrate how identifying climate refugia for threatened vegetation communities in an urban matrix can be used to support management decisions by local government authorities under the dual pressures of urban expansion and climate change. This research was focused on a local government area in New South Wales, Australia, that is undergoing significant residential, commercial and agricultural expansion resulting in the transition of native forest to other more intensive land-uses. Our results indicate that the key drivers of change from native vegetation to urban and agriculture classes were population density and the proximity to urban areas. We found two of the most cleared vegetation community types are physically restricted to land owned or managed by council, suggesting their long-term ecological viability is uncertain under a warming climate. We propose that land use planning decisions must recognize the compounding spatial and temporal pressures of urban development, land clearing and climate change, and how current policy responses, such as biodiversity offsetting, can respond positively to habitat shifts in order to secure the longevity of important ecological communities.

ACS Style

Anu Vijayan; Joseph M. Maina; Rochelle Lawson; Hsing-Chung Chang; Linda J. Beaumont; Peter J. Davies. Land use planning to support climate change adaptation in threatened plant communities. Journal of Environmental Management 2021, 298, 113533 .

AMA Style

Anu Vijayan, Joseph M. Maina, Rochelle Lawson, Hsing-Chung Chang, Linda J. Beaumont, Peter J. Davies. Land use planning to support climate change adaptation in threatened plant communities. Journal of Environmental Management. 2021; 298 ():113533.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anu Vijayan; Joseph M. Maina; Rochelle Lawson; Hsing-Chung Chang; Linda J. Beaumont; Peter J. Davies. 2021. "Land use planning to support climate change adaptation in threatened plant communities." Journal of Environmental Management 298, no. : 113533.

Preprint content
Published: 17 June 2021
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Accelerated loss of Earth’s wilderness over the last five decades underscores the urgency for efforts to retain the conservation value of these areas. Assessing how wilderness areas are likely to be impacted by the future environmental change is fundamental to achieving global biodiversity conservation goals. Using scenarios of climate and land-use change during baseline (1970–2005) and future (2015–2050) epochs, we found that climate change within wilderness areas is predicted to increase by ~ 47%, compared to a 19% increase in land-use change. Half (52%) of all wilderness areas may undergo climate change by 2050, limiting their capacity to shelter biodiversity. More significant changes are especially predicted to occur in the unprotected wilderness that supports unique assemblages of species and are therefore more important for biodiversity persistence. Countries with smaller and disconnected wilderness areas are disproportionately at risk from the combined impacts of climate and land-use change. Mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and preserving remaining intact natural ecosystems can help fortify these frontiers of biodiversity.

ACS Style

Ernest Asamoah; Moreno Di Marco; James Watson; Linda Beaumont; Oscar Venter; Joseph Maina. Tracing climate and land-use instability reveals new insights into the future of Earth’s remaining wilderness. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Ernest Asamoah, Moreno Di Marco, James Watson, Linda Beaumont, Oscar Venter, Joseph Maina. Tracing climate and land-use instability reveals new insights into the future of Earth’s remaining wilderness. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ernest Asamoah; Moreno Di Marco; James Watson; Linda Beaumont; Oscar Venter; Joseph Maina. 2021. "Tracing climate and land-use instability reveals new insights into the future of Earth’s remaining wilderness." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 29 March 2021 in Sustainability
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Spatially explicit records of fishing activities’ distribution are fundamental for effective marine spatial planning (MSP) because they can help to identify principal fishing areas. However, in numerous case studies, MSP has ignored fishing activities due to data scarcity. The vessel monitoring system (VMS) and the automatic identification system (AIS) are two commonly known technologies used to observe fishing activities. However, both technologies generate data that have several limitations, making them ineffective when used in isolation. Here, we evaluate both datasets’ limitations and strengths, measure the drawbacks of using any single dataset and propose a method for combining both technologies for a more precise estimation of the distribution of fishing activities. Using the Baltic Sea and the North Sea–Celtic Sea regions as case studies, we compare the spatial distribution of fishing effort from International Council for the Exploration of the Seas (ICES) VMS data and global fishing watch AIS data. We show that using either dataset in isolation can lead to a significant underestimation of fishing effort. We also demonstrate that integrating both datasets in an ensemble approach can provide more accurate fisheries information for MSP. Given the rapid expansion of MSP activities globally, our approach can be utilised in data-limited regions to improve cross border spatial planning.

ACS Style

Pascal Thoya; Joseph Maina; Christian Möllmann; Kerstin Schiele. AIS and VMS Ensemble Can Address Data Gaps on Fisheries for Marine Spatial Planning. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3769 .

AMA Style

Pascal Thoya, Joseph Maina, Christian Möllmann, Kerstin Schiele. AIS and VMS Ensemble Can Address Data Gaps on Fisheries for Marine Spatial Planning. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (7):3769.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pascal Thoya; Joseph Maina; Christian Möllmann; Kerstin Schiele. 2021. "AIS and VMS Ensemble Can Address Data Gaps on Fisheries for Marine Spatial Planning." Sustainability 13, no. 7: 3769.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2021 in Ecology and Society
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ACS Style

Lauric Thiault; Stacy D. Jupiter; Johanna E. Johnson; Joshua E. Cinner; Rebecca M. Jarvis; Scott F. Heron; Joseph M. Maina; Nadine A. Marshall; Paul A. Marshall; Joachim Claudet. Harnessing the potential of vulnerability assessments for managing social-ecological systems. Ecology and Society 2021, 26, 1 .

AMA Style

Lauric Thiault, Stacy D. Jupiter, Johanna E. Johnson, Joshua E. Cinner, Rebecca M. Jarvis, Scott F. Heron, Joseph M. Maina, Nadine A. Marshall, Paul A. Marshall, Joachim Claudet. Harnessing the potential of vulnerability assessments for managing social-ecological systems. Ecology and Society. 2021; 26 (2):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lauric Thiault; Stacy D. Jupiter; Johanna E. Johnson; Joshua E. Cinner; Rebecca M. Jarvis; Scott F. Heron; Joseph M. Maina; Nadine A. Marshall; Paul A. Marshall; Joachim Claudet. 2021. "Harnessing the potential of vulnerability assessments for managing social-ecological systems." Ecology and Society 26, no. 2: 1.

Report
Published: 16 April 2020 in Science
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The worldwide decline of coral reefs necessitates targeting management solutions that can sustain reefs and the livelihoods of the people who depend on them. However, little is known about the context in which different reef management tools can help to achieve multiple social and ecological goals. Because of nonlinearities in the likelihood of achieving combined fisheries, ecological function, and biodiversity goals along a gradient of human pressure, relatively small changes in the context in which management is implemented could have substantial impacts on whether these goals are likely to be met. Critically, management can provide substantial conservation benefits to most reefs for fisheries and ecological function, but not biodiversity goals, given their degraded state and the levels of human pressure they face.

ACS Style

Joshua E. Cinner; Jessica Zamborain-Mason; Georgina G. Gurney; Nicholas A. J. Graham; M. Aaron MacNeil; Andrew S. Hoey; Camilo Mora; Sébastien Villéger; Eva Maire; Tim R. McClanahan; Joseph M. Maina; John N. Kittinger; Christina C. Hicks; Stephanie D’Agata; Cindy Huchery; Michele L. Barnes; David A. Feary; Ivor D. Williams; Michel Kulbicki; Laurent Vigliola; Laurent Wantiez; Graham J. Edgar; Rick D. Stuart-Smith; Stuart A. Sandin; Alison L. Green; Maria Beger; Alan M. Friedlander; Shaun K. Wilson; Eran Brokovich; Andrew J. Brooks; Juan J. Cruz-Motta; David J. Booth; Pascale Chabanet; Mark Tupper; Sebastian C. A. Ferse; U. Rashid Sumaila; Marah J. Hardt; David Mouillot. Meeting fisheries, ecosystem function, and biodiversity goals in a human-dominated world. Science 2020, 368, 307 -311.

AMA Style

Joshua E. Cinner, Jessica Zamborain-Mason, Georgina G. Gurney, Nicholas A. J. Graham, M. Aaron MacNeil, Andrew S. Hoey, Camilo Mora, Sébastien Villéger, Eva Maire, Tim R. McClanahan, Joseph M. Maina, John N. Kittinger, Christina C. Hicks, Stephanie D’Agata, Cindy Huchery, Michele L. Barnes, David A. Feary, Ivor D. Williams, Michel Kulbicki, Laurent Vigliola, Laurent Wantiez, Graham J. Edgar, Rick D. Stuart-Smith, Stuart A. Sandin, Alison L. Green, Maria Beger, Alan M. Friedlander, Shaun K. Wilson, Eran Brokovich, Andrew J. Brooks, Juan J. Cruz-Motta, David J. Booth, Pascale Chabanet, Mark Tupper, Sebastian C. A. Ferse, U. Rashid Sumaila, Marah J. Hardt, David Mouillot. Meeting fisheries, ecosystem function, and biodiversity goals in a human-dominated world. Science. 2020; 368 (6488):307-311.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joshua E. Cinner; Jessica Zamborain-Mason; Georgina G. Gurney; Nicholas A. J. Graham; M. Aaron MacNeil; Andrew S. Hoey; Camilo Mora; Sébastien Villéger; Eva Maire; Tim R. McClanahan; Joseph M. Maina; John N. Kittinger; Christina C. Hicks; Stephanie D’Agata; Cindy Huchery; Michele L. Barnes; David A. Feary; Ivor D. Williams; Michel Kulbicki; Laurent Vigliola; Laurent Wantiez; Graham J. Edgar; Rick D. Stuart-Smith; Stuart A. Sandin; Alison L. Green; Maria Beger; Alan M. Friedlander; Shaun K. Wilson; Eran Brokovich; Andrew J. Brooks; Juan J. Cruz-Motta; David J. Booth; Pascale Chabanet; Mark Tupper; Sebastian C. A. Ferse; U. Rashid Sumaila; Marah J. Hardt; David Mouillot. 2020. "Meeting fisheries, ecosystem function, and biodiversity goals in a human-dominated world." Science 368, no. 6488: 307-311.

Journal article
Published: 08 April 2020 in Environmental Science & Policy
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Climate change is expected to reinforce undesirable social and ecological feedbacks between ecosystem degradation and poverty. This is particularly true for resource-dependent communities in the developing world such as coral reef fishing communities who will have to adapt to those new environmental conditions and novel ecosystems. It is therefore crucial to identify: i) multiscale characteristics that can influence social adaptive capacity of local communities to climate change, and ii) current and future social-ecological conditions related to climate change that might lead communities to experience unsustainable and undesirable states (i.e., “social-ecological traps”). Here, we investigated social adaptive capacity and the relationship to ecological conditions in 29 small-scale fishing communities in Madagascar and Kenya in the Western Indian Ocean. We found that isolation from a market and climate stress had a significant negative relationship with social adaptive capacity, while a higher level of education and the presence of market traders (middlemen) had a positive relationship. In general, resource management through marine protected areas and locally managed marine areas had a positive influence on ecological conditions. Combining social adaptive capacity and ecological conditions revealed that 80 % of fishers households surveyed were experiencing social-ecological states that could lead to unsustainable social-ecological conditions, while 10 % might already be experiencing social-ecological traps. Our findings reveal specific mechanisms by which conservation and development activities can increase social adaptive capacity in coastal communities, including but not limited to: increasing market access and education, and mitigating future climate exposure and unsustainable fishing through improved marine conservation and management.

ACS Style

Stephanie D’Agata; Emily S. Darling; Georgina G. Gurney; Tim R. McClanahan; Nyawira A. Muthiga; Ando Rabearisoa; Joseph M. Maina. Multiscale determinants of social adaptive capacity in small-scale fishing communities. Environmental Science & Policy 2020, 108, 56 -66.

AMA Style

Stephanie D’Agata, Emily S. Darling, Georgina G. Gurney, Tim R. McClanahan, Nyawira A. Muthiga, Ando Rabearisoa, Joseph M. Maina. Multiscale determinants of social adaptive capacity in small-scale fishing communities. Environmental Science & Policy. 2020; 108 ():56-66.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stephanie D’Agata; Emily S. Darling; Georgina G. Gurney; Tim R. McClanahan; Nyawira A. Muthiga; Ando Rabearisoa; Joseph M. Maina. 2020. "Multiscale determinants of social adaptive capacity in small-scale fishing communities." Environmental Science & Policy 108, no. : 56-66.

Journal article
Published: 02 January 2020 in African Journal of Marine Science
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Ringnet fishing began in the early 20th century and is practised worldwide, mainly to target nearshore pelagic species. The method was introduced to Kenya’s coastal waters by migrant fishers from Tanzania. However, the impacts of this fishing gear remain poorly assessed. We assessed the spatial distribution of ringnet fishing effort and its possible effects on ecosystem components, such as coral reefs, marine megafauna and marine protected areas, on the south coast of Kenya. We tracked 89 ringnet fishing trips made from December 2015 to January 2016 and used spatial multicriteria analysis to determine hotspots of possible environmental risks. The results showed that habitat type and bathymetric profile influenced the spatial distribution of ringnet fishing effort. Mixed seagrass and coral habitats had the highest concentration of the effort. Most of the habitats in the study area were moderately exposed to the impacts of the ringnet fishery. The study identifies high-risk areas that require spatial measures to minimise possible environmental risks of the gear both to habitats and to endangered sea turtles.

ACS Style

P Thoya; S Pérez-Jorge; Gladys M. Okemwa; H Mwamlavya; A Tuda; N Wambiji; Joseph Maina. Spatial patterns and environmental risks of ringnet fishing along the Kenyan coast. African Journal of Marine Science 2020, 42, 23 -33.

AMA Style

P Thoya, S Pérez-Jorge, Gladys M. Okemwa, H Mwamlavya, A Tuda, N Wambiji, Joseph Maina. Spatial patterns and environmental risks of ringnet fishing along the Kenyan coast. African Journal of Marine Science. 2020; 42 (1):23-33.

Chicago/Turabian Style

P Thoya; S Pérez-Jorge; Gladys M. Okemwa; H Mwamlavya; A Tuda; N Wambiji; Joseph Maina. 2020. "Spatial patterns and environmental risks of ringnet fishing along the Kenyan coast." African Journal of Marine Science 42, no. 1: 23-33.

Contributed paper
Published: 15 December 2019 in Conservation Science and Practice
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Globally, maritime boundaries on oceans form the basis of governance and management of natural resources, yet the fish, and other marine resources neither conform nor confine to these artificial boundaries. As goods and services from marine life continue to retrogress under the intense human exploitation and changing global environment, resilience could be supported through establishment of a functionally connected network of marine reserves across maritime jurisdictions. While the establishment of protected areas within the exclusive economic zones (EEZ) is expanding, mechanisms that would allow governments to conserve marine areas beyond national jurisdictions are currently inadequate. Consequently, implementing marine reserves is largely confined within territorial waters, high connectivity among contiguous maritime zones notwithstanding. As the global focus shifts toward achieving sustainable development goals for the oceans, there is a need for region‐specific approaches to area‐based biodiversity conservation that extends the scope of protection to areas in the high seas beyond the EEZ. Using simulations of functional connectivity and seafloor geomorphology, we present and apply in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) region a contextual approach to regional marine conservation planning to inform a more effective regional marine conservation across maritime zones.

ACS Style

Joseph M. Maina; Majambo Gamoyo; Vanessa M. Adams; Stephanie D'Agata; Jared Bosire; Julius Francis; Dixon Waruinge. Aligning marine spatial conservation priorities with functional connectivity across maritime jurisdictions. Conservation Science and Practice 2019, 2, 1 .

AMA Style

Joseph M. Maina, Majambo Gamoyo, Vanessa M. Adams, Stephanie D'Agata, Jared Bosire, Julius Francis, Dixon Waruinge. Aligning marine spatial conservation priorities with functional connectivity across maritime jurisdictions. Conservation Science and Practice. 2019; 2 (2):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joseph M. Maina; Majambo Gamoyo; Vanessa M. Adams; Stephanie D'Agata; Jared Bosire; Julius Francis; Dixon Waruinge. 2019. "Aligning marine spatial conservation priorities with functional connectivity across maritime jurisdictions." Conservation Science and Practice 2, no. 2: 1.

Articles
Published: 11 November 2019 in Hydrological Sciences Journal
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Most catchments in tropical regions are ungauged and data deficient, complicating the simulation of water quantity and quality. Yet, developing and testing hydrological models in data-poor regions is vital to support water management. Here, we used the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to predict stream runoff in Halda Basin in Bangladesh. While the calibrated model’s performance was satisfactory (R2 = 0.80, NSE = 0.71), the model was unable to track the extreme low flow peaks due to the temporal and spatial variability of rainfall which may not be fully captured by using data from one rainfall gauging station. Groundwater delay time, baseflow alpha factor and curve number were the most sensitive parameters influencing model performance. This study improves understanding of the key processes of a catchment in a data-poor, monsoon driven, small river basin and could serve as a baseline for scenario modelling for future water management and policy framework.

ACS Style

Farzana Raihan; Linda J. Beaumont; Joseph Maina; Akm Saiful Islam; Sandy P. Harrison. Simulating streamflow in the Upper Halda Basin of southeastern Bangladesh using SWAT model. Hydrological Sciences Journal 2019, 65, 138 -151.

AMA Style

Farzana Raihan, Linda J. Beaumont, Joseph Maina, Akm Saiful Islam, Sandy P. Harrison. Simulating streamflow in the Upper Halda Basin of southeastern Bangladesh using SWAT model. Hydrological Sciences Journal. 2019; 65 (1):138-151.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Farzana Raihan; Linda J. Beaumont; Joseph Maina; Akm Saiful Islam; Sandy P. Harrison. 2019. "Simulating streamflow in the Upper Halda Basin of southeastern Bangladesh using SWAT model." Hydrological Sciences Journal 65, no. 1: 138-151.

Primary research articles
Published: 07 November 2019 in Global Change Biology
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Rapid intensification of environmental disturbances has sparked widespread decline and compositional shifts in foundation species in ecosystems worldwide. Now, an emergent challenge is to understand the consequences of shifts and losses in such habitat‐forming species for associated communities and ecosystem processes. Recently, consecutive coral bleaching events shifted the morphological makeup of habitat‐forming coral assemblages on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). Considering the disparity of coral morphological growth forms in shelter provision for reef fishes, we investigated how shifts in the morphological structure of coral assemblages affect the abundance of juvenile and adult reef fishes. We used a temporal dataset from shallow reefs in the northern GBR to estimate coral convexity (a fine‐scale quantitative morphological trait) and two widely used coral habitat descriptors (coral cover and reef rugosity) for disentangling the effects of coral morphology on reef fish assemblages. Changes in coral convexity, rather than live coral cover or reef rugosity, disproportionately affected juvenile reef fishes when compared to adults, and explained more than 20% of juvenile decline. The magnitude of this effect varied by fish body size with juveniles of small‐bodied species showing higher vulnerability to changes in coral morphology. Our findings suggest that continued large‐scale shifts in the relative abundance of morphological groups within coral assemblages are likely to affect population replenishment and dynamics of future reef fish communities. The different responses of juvenile and adult fishes according to habitat descriptors indicate that focusing on coarse‐scale metrics alone may mask fine‐scale ecological responses that are key to understand ecosystem functioning and resilience. Nonetheless, quantifying coral morphological traits may contribute to forecasting the structure of reef fish communities on novel reef ecosystems shaped by climate change.

ACS Style

Luisa Fontoura; Kyle J. A. Zawada; Stephanie D’Agata; Mariana Álvarez‐Noriega; Andrew H. Baird; Nader Boutros; Maria Dornelas; Osmar J. Luiz; Joshua S. Madin; Joseph M. Maina; Oscar Pizarro; Damaris Torres‐Pulliza; Rachael M. Woods; Elizabeth M. P. Madin. Climate‐driven shift in coral morphological structure predicts decline of juvenile reef fishes. Global Change Biology 2019, 26, 557 -567.

AMA Style

Luisa Fontoura, Kyle J. A. Zawada, Stephanie D’Agata, Mariana Álvarez‐Noriega, Andrew H. Baird, Nader Boutros, Maria Dornelas, Osmar J. Luiz, Joshua S. Madin, Joseph M. Maina, Oscar Pizarro, Damaris Torres‐Pulliza, Rachael M. Woods, Elizabeth M. P. Madin. Climate‐driven shift in coral morphological structure predicts decline of juvenile reef fishes. Global Change Biology. 2019; 26 (2):557-567.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luisa Fontoura; Kyle J. A. Zawada; Stephanie D’Agata; Mariana Álvarez‐Noriega; Andrew H. Baird; Nader Boutros; Maria Dornelas; Osmar J. Luiz; Joshua S. Madin; Joseph M. Maina; Oscar Pizarro; Damaris Torres‐Pulliza; Rachael M. Woods; Elizabeth M. P. Madin. 2019. "Climate‐driven shift in coral morphological structure predicts decline of juvenile reef fishes." Global Change Biology 26, no. 2: 557-567.

Letter
Published: 30 September 2019 in Nature Climate Change
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Under extreme heat stress, corals expel their symbiotic algae and colour (that is, ‘bleaching’), which often leads to widespread mortality. Predicting the large-scale environmental conditions that reinforce or mitigate coral bleaching remains unresolved and limits strategic conservation actions1,2. Here we assessed coral bleaching at 226 sites and 26 environmental variables that represent different mechanisms of stress responses from East Africa to Fiji through a coordinated effort to evaluate the coral response to the 2014–2016 El Niño/Southern Oscillation thermal anomaly. We applied common time-series methods to study the temporal patterning of acute thermal stress and evaluated the effectiveness of conventional and new sea surface temperature metrics and mechanisms in predicting bleaching severity. The best models indicated the importance of peak hot temperatures, the duration of cool temperatures and temperature bimodality, which explained ~50% of the variance, compared to the common degree-heating week temperature index that explained only 9%. Our findings suggest that the threshold concept as a mechanism to explain bleaching alone was not as powerful as the multidimensional interactions of stresses, which include the duration and temporal patterning of hot and cold temperature extremes relative to average local conditions.

ACS Style

Tim R. McClanahan; Emily S. Darling; Joseph M. Maina; Nyawira A. Muthiga; Stephanie D'Agata; Stacy D. Jupiter; Rohan Arthur; Shaun K. Wilson; Sangeeta Mangubhai; Yashika Nand; Ali M. Ussi; Austin T. Humphries; Vardhan J. Patankar; Mireille M. M. Guillaume; Sally A. Keith; George Shedrawi; Pagu Julius; Gabriel Grimsditch; January Ndagala; Julien Leblond. Temperature patterns and mechanisms influencing coral bleaching during the 2016 El Niño. Nature Climate Change 2019, 9, 845 -851.

AMA Style

Tim R. McClanahan, Emily S. Darling, Joseph M. Maina, Nyawira A. Muthiga, Stephanie D'Agata, Stacy D. Jupiter, Rohan Arthur, Shaun K. Wilson, Sangeeta Mangubhai, Yashika Nand, Ali M. Ussi, Austin T. Humphries, Vardhan J. Patankar, Mireille M. M. Guillaume, Sally A. Keith, George Shedrawi, Pagu Julius, Gabriel Grimsditch, January Ndagala, Julien Leblond. Temperature patterns and mechanisms influencing coral bleaching during the 2016 El Niño. Nature Climate Change. 2019; 9 (11):845-851.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tim R. McClanahan; Emily S. Darling; Joseph M. Maina; Nyawira A. Muthiga; Stephanie D'Agata; Stacy D. Jupiter; Rohan Arthur; Shaun K. Wilson; Sangeeta Mangubhai; Yashika Nand; Ali M. Ussi; Austin T. Humphries; Vardhan J. Patankar; Mireille M. M. Guillaume; Sally A. Keith; George Shedrawi; Pagu Julius; Gabriel Grimsditch; January Ndagala; Julien Leblond. 2019. "Temperature patterns and mechanisms influencing coral bleaching during the 2016 El Niño." Nature Climate Change 9, no. 11: 845-851.

Editorial
Published: 12 August 2019 in Oceans
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The ocean is the most important subsystem of the Earth’s climate system and functions as its heart, regulating the energy distribution of the planet

ACS Style

Antonio Bode; Fátima Abrantes; Agostinho Antunes; Alvise Benetazzo; Chen-Tung Arthur Chen; Emmanuel Devred; Martin Gade; Eulàlia Gràcia; Jochen Horstmann; Diego Macías; Joseph M. Maina; Pere Masqué; Nicholas Meskhidze; Luis Somoza. MDPI Oceans: A New Publication Channel for Open Access Science Focused on the Ocean. Oceans 2019, 1, 1 -5.

AMA Style

Antonio Bode, Fátima Abrantes, Agostinho Antunes, Alvise Benetazzo, Chen-Tung Arthur Chen, Emmanuel Devred, Martin Gade, Eulàlia Gràcia, Jochen Horstmann, Diego Macías, Joseph M. Maina, Pere Masqué, Nicholas Meskhidze, Luis Somoza. MDPI Oceans: A New Publication Channel for Open Access Science Focused on the Ocean. Oceans. 2019; 1 (1):1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonio Bode; Fátima Abrantes; Agostinho Antunes; Alvise Benetazzo; Chen-Tung Arthur Chen; Emmanuel Devred; Martin Gade; Eulàlia Gràcia; Jochen Horstmann; Diego Macías; Joseph M. Maina; Pere Masqué; Nicholas Meskhidze; Luis Somoza. 2019. "MDPI Oceans: A New Publication Channel for Open Access Science Focused on the Ocean." Oceans 1, no. 1: 1-5.

Journal article
Published: 12 August 2019 in Nature Ecology & Evolution
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Without drastic efforts to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate globalized stressors, tropical coral reefs are in jeopardy. Strategic conservation and management requires identification of the environmental and socioeconomic factors driving the persistence of scleractinian coral assemblages-the foundation species of coral reef ecosystems. Here, we compiled coral abundance data from 2,584 Indo-Pacific reefs to evaluate the influence of 21 climate, social and environmental drivers on the ecology of reef coral assemblages. Higher abundances of framework-building corals were typically associated with: weaker thermal disturbances and longer intervals for potential recovery; slower human population growth; reduced access by human settlements and markets; and less nearby agriculture. We therefore propose a framework of three management strategies (protect, recover or transform) by considering: (1) if reefs were above or below a proposed threshold of >10% cover of the coral taxa important for structural complexity and carbonate production; and (2) reef exposure to severe thermal stress during the 2014-2017 global coral bleaching event. Our findings can guide urgent management efforts for coral reefs, by identifying key threats across multiple scales and strategic policy priorities that might sustain a network of functioning reefs in the Indo-Pacific to avoid ecosystem collapse.

ACS Style

Emily S. Darling; Tim R. McClanahan; Joseph Maina; Georgina Gurney; Nicholas A. J. Graham; Fraser Januchowski-Hartley; Joshua Cinner; Camilo Mora; Christina Hicks; Eva Maire; Marji Puotinen; William J. Skirving; Mehdi Adjeroud; Gabby Ahmadia; Rohan Arthur; Andrew G. Bauman; Maria Beger; Michael L. Berumen; Lionel Bigot; Jessica Bouwmeester; Ambroise Brenier; Tom C. L. Bridge; Eric Brown; Stuart Campbell; Sara Cannon; Bruce Cauvin; Chaolun Allen Chen; Joachim Claudet; Vianney Denis; Simon Donner; Estradivari; Nur Fadli; David A. Feary; Douglas Fenner; Helen Fox; Erik C. Franklin; Alan Friedlander; James Gilmour; Claire Goiran; James Guest; Jean-Paul A. Hobbs; Andrew S. Hoey; Peter Houk; Steven Johnson; Stacy D. Jupiter; Mohsen Kayal; Chao-Yang Kuo; Joleah Lamb; Michelle A. C. Lee; Jeffrey Low; Nyawira Muthiga; Efin Muttaqin; Yashika Nand; Kirsty L. Nash; Osamu Nedlic; John M. Pandolfi; Shinta Pardede; Vardhan Patankar; Lucie Penin; Lauriane Ribas-Deulofeu; Zoe Richards; T. Edward Roberts; Ku’Ulei S. Rodgers; Che Din Mohd Safuan; Enric Sala; George Shedrawi; Tsai Min Sin; Patrick Smallhorn-West; Jennifer E. Smith; Brigitte Sommer; Peter D. Steinberg; Makamas Sutthacheep; Chun Hong James Tan; Gareth J. Williams; Shaun Wilson; Thamasak Yeemin; John F. Bruno; Marie-Josée Fortin; Martin Krkosek; David Mouillot. Social–environmental drivers inform strategic management of coral reefs in the Anthropocene. Nature Ecology & Evolution 2019, 3, 1341 -1350.

AMA Style

Emily S. Darling, Tim R. McClanahan, Joseph Maina, Georgina Gurney, Nicholas A. J. Graham, Fraser Januchowski-Hartley, Joshua Cinner, Camilo Mora, Christina Hicks, Eva Maire, Marji Puotinen, William J. Skirving, Mehdi Adjeroud, Gabby Ahmadia, Rohan Arthur, Andrew G. Bauman, Maria Beger, Michael L. Berumen, Lionel Bigot, Jessica Bouwmeester, Ambroise Brenier, Tom C. L. Bridge, Eric Brown, Stuart Campbell, Sara Cannon, Bruce Cauvin, Chaolun Allen Chen, Joachim Claudet, Vianney Denis, Simon Donner, Estradivari, Nur Fadli, David A. Feary, Douglas Fenner, Helen Fox, Erik C. Franklin, Alan Friedlander, James Gilmour, Claire Goiran, James Guest, Jean-Paul A. Hobbs, Andrew S. Hoey, Peter Houk, Steven Johnson, Stacy D. Jupiter, Mohsen Kayal, Chao-Yang Kuo, Joleah Lamb, Michelle A. C. Lee, Jeffrey Low, Nyawira Muthiga, Efin Muttaqin, Yashika Nand, Kirsty L. Nash, Osamu Nedlic, John M. Pandolfi, Shinta Pardede, Vardhan Patankar, Lucie Penin, Lauriane Ribas-Deulofeu, Zoe Richards, T. Edward Roberts, Ku’Ulei S. Rodgers, Che Din Mohd Safuan, Enric Sala, George Shedrawi, Tsai Min Sin, Patrick Smallhorn-West, Jennifer E. Smith, Brigitte Sommer, Peter D. Steinberg, Makamas Sutthacheep, Chun Hong James Tan, Gareth J. Williams, Shaun Wilson, Thamasak Yeemin, John F. Bruno, Marie-Josée Fortin, Martin Krkosek, David Mouillot. Social–environmental drivers inform strategic management of coral reefs in the Anthropocene. Nature Ecology & Evolution. 2019; 3 (9):1341-1350.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emily S. Darling; Tim R. McClanahan; Joseph Maina; Georgina Gurney; Nicholas A. J. Graham; Fraser Januchowski-Hartley; Joshua Cinner; Camilo Mora; Christina Hicks; Eva Maire; Marji Puotinen; William J. Skirving; Mehdi Adjeroud; Gabby Ahmadia; Rohan Arthur; Andrew G. Bauman; Maria Beger; Michael L. Berumen; Lionel Bigot; Jessica Bouwmeester; Ambroise Brenier; Tom C. L. Bridge; Eric Brown; Stuart Campbell; Sara Cannon; Bruce Cauvin; Chaolun Allen Chen; Joachim Claudet; Vianney Denis; Simon Donner; Estradivari; Nur Fadli; David A. Feary; Douglas Fenner; Helen Fox; Erik C. Franklin; Alan Friedlander; James Gilmour; Claire Goiran; James Guest; Jean-Paul A. Hobbs; Andrew S. Hoey; Peter Houk; Steven Johnson; Stacy D. Jupiter; Mohsen Kayal; Chao-Yang Kuo; Joleah Lamb; Michelle A. C. Lee; Jeffrey Low; Nyawira Muthiga; Efin Muttaqin; Yashika Nand; Kirsty L. Nash; Osamu Nedlic; John M. Pandolfi; Shinta Pardede; Vardhan Patankar; Lucie Penin; Lauriane Ribas-Deulofeu; Zoe Richards; T. Edward Roberts; Ku’Ulei S. Rodgers; Che Din Mohd Safuan; Enric Sala; George Shedrawi; Tsai Min Sin; Patrick Smallhorn-West; Jennifer E. Smith; Brigitte Sommer; Peter D. Steinberg; Makamas Sutthacheep; Chun Hong James Tan; Gareth J. Williams; Shaun Wilson; Thamasak Yeemin; John F. Bruno; Marie-Josée Fortin; Martin Krkosek; David Mouillot. 2019. "Social–environmental drivers inform strategic management of coral reefs in the Anthropocene." Nature Ecology & Evolution 3, no. 9: 1341-1350.

Review
Published: 27 December 2018 in Journal of Applied Ecology
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Pollution from land‐based run‐off threatens coastal ecosystems and the services they provide, detrimentally affecting the livelihoods of millions people on the world's coasts. Planning for linkages among terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems can help managers mitigate the impacts of land‐use change on water quality and coastal ecosystem services. We examine the approaches used for land‐sea planning, with particular focus on the models currently used to estimate the impacts of land‐use change on water quality and fisheries. Our findings could also be applied to other ecosystem services. This Review encompasses modelling of: large scale drivers of land‐use change; local activities that cause such change; run‐off, dispersal and transformation of pollutants in the coastal ocean; ecological responses to pollutants; socio‐economic responses to ecological change; and finally, the design of a planning response. We find that there is a disconnect between the dynamical models that can be used to link land to sea processes and the simple tools that are typically used to inform planning. This disconnect may weaken the robustness of plans to manage dynamic processes. Land‐sea planning is highly interdisciplinary, making the development of effective plans a challenge for small teams of managers and decision makers. Synthesis and applications. We propose some guiding principles for where and how dynamic land‐sea connections can most effectively be built into planning tools. Tools that can capture pertinent processes are needed, but they must be simple enough to be implemented in regions with limited resources for collecting data, developing models and developing integrated land‐sea plans.

ACS Style

Christopher J. Brown; Stacy D. Jupiter; Simon Albert; Kenneth R. N. Anthony; Richard J. Hamilton; Alexa Fredston‐Hermann; Benjamin S. Halpern; Hsien‐Yung Lin; Joseph Maina; Sangeeta Mangubhai; Peter J. Mumby; Hugh Possingham; Megan I. Saunders; Vivitskaia J. D. Tulloch; Amelia Wenger; Carissa J. Klein. A guide to modelling priorities for managing land‐based impacts on coastal ecosystems. Journal of Applied Ecology 2018, 56, 1106 -1116.

AMA Style

Christopher J. Brown, Stacy D. Jupiter, Simon Albert, Kenneth R. N. Anthony, Richard J. Hamilton, Alexa Fredston‐Hermann, Benjamin S. Halpern, Hsien‐Yung Lin, Joseph Maina, Sangeeta Mangubhai, Peter J. Mumby, Hugh Possingham, Megan I. Saunders, Vivitskaia J. D. Tulloch, Amelia Wenger, Carissa J. Klein. A guide to modelling priorities for managing land‐based impacts on coastal ecosystems. Journal of Applied Ecology. 2018; 56 (5):1106-1116.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Christopher J. Brown; Stacy D. Jupiter; Simon Albert; Kenneth R. N. Anthony; Richard J. Hamilton; Alexa Fredston‐Hermann; Benjamin S. Halpern; Hsien‐Yung Lin; Joseph Maina; Sangeeta Mangubhai; Peter J. Mumby; Hugh Possingham; Megan I. Saunders; Vivitskaia J. D. Tulloch; Amelia Wenger; Carissa J. Klein. 2018. "A guide to modelling priorities for managing land‐based impacts on coastal ecosystems." Journal of Applied Ecology 56, no. 5: 1106-1116.

Journal article
Published: 04 October 2018 in Marine Ecology Progress Series
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Kendall R. Jones; Joseph M. Maina; Salit Kark; Timothy R. McClanahan; Carissa J. Klein; Maria Beger. Incorporating feasibility and collaboration into large-scale planning for regional recovery of coral reef fisheries. Marine Ecology Progress Series 2018, 604, 211 -222.

AMA Style

Kendall R. Jones, Joseph M. Maina, Salit Kark, Timothy R. McClanahan, Carissa J. Klein, Maria Beger. Incorporating feasibility and collaboration into large-scale planning for regional recovery of coral reef fisheries. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 2018; 604 ():211-222.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kendall R. Jones; Joseph M. Maina; Salit Kark; Timothy R. McClanahan; Carissa J. Klein; Maria Beger. 2018. "Incorporating feasibility and collaboration into large-scale planning for regional recovery of coral reef fisheries." Marine Ecology Progress Series 604, no. : 211-222.

Perspective article
Published: 29 June 2018 in Frontiers in Marine Science
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Marine protected areas (MPAs) form the cornerstone of marine conservation. Identifying which factors contribute to their success or failure is crucial considering the international conservation targets for 2020 and the limited funds generally available for marine conservation. We identified common factors of success and/or failure of MPA effectiveness using peer-reviewed publications and first-hand expert knowledge for 27 case studies around the world. We found that stakeholder engagement was considered to be the most important factor affecting MPA success, and equally, its absence, was the most important factor influencing failure. Conversely, while some factors were identified as critical for success, their absence was not considered a driver of failure, and vice versa. This mismatch provided the impetus for considering these factors more critically. Bearing in mind that most MPAs have multiple objectives, including non-biological, this highlights the need for the development and adoption of standardized effectiveness metrics, besides biological considerations, to measure factors contributing to the success or failure of MPAs to reach their objectives. Considering our conclusions, we suggest the development of specific protocols for the assessment of stakeholder engagement, the role of leadership, the capacity of enforcement and compliance with MPAs objectives. Moreover, factors defining the success and failure of MPAs should be assessed not only by technical experts and the relevant authorities, but also by other stakeholder groups whose compliance is critical for the successful functioning of an MPA. These factors should be considered along with appropriate ecological, social, and economic data and then incorporated into adaptive management to improve MPA effectiveness.

ACS Style

Sylvaine Giakoumi; Jennifer McGowan; Morena Mills; Maria Beger; Rodrigo H. Bustamante; Anthony Charles; Patrick Christie; Matthew Fox; Pablo Garcia-Borboroglu; Stefan Gelcich; Paolo Guidetti; Peter Mackelworth; Joseph Maina; Laurence McCook; Fiorenza Micheli; Lance E. Morgan; Peter Mumby; Laura M. Reyes; Alan White; Kirsten Grorud-Colvert; Hugh Possingham. Revisiting “Success” and “Failure” of Marine Protected Areas: A Conservation Scientist Perspective. Frontiers in Marine Science 2018, 5, 1 .

AMA Style

Sylvaine Giakoumi, Jennifer McGowan, Morena Mills, Maria Beger, Rodrigo H. Bustamante, Anthony Charles, Patrick Christie, Matthew Fox, Pablo Garcia-Borboroglu, Stefan Gelcich, Paolo Guidetti, Peter Mackelworth, Joseph Maina, Laurence McCook, Fiorenza Micheli, Lance E. Morgan, Peter Mumby, Laura M. Reyes, Alan White, Kirsten Grorud-Colvert, Hugh Possingham. Revisiting “Success” and “Failure” of Marine Protected Areas: A Conservation Scientist Perspective. Frontiers in Marine Science. 2018; 5 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sylvaine Giakoumi; Jennifer McGowan; Morena Mills; Maria Beger; Rodrigo H. Bustamante; Anthony Charles; Patrick Christie; Matthew Fox; Pablo Garcia-Borboroglu; Stefan Gelcich; Paolo Guidetti; Peter Mackelworth; Joseph Maina; Laurence McCook; Fiorenza Micheli; Lance E. Morgan; Peter Mumby; Laura M. Reyes; Alan White; Kirsten Grorud-Colvert; Hugh Possingham. 2018. "Revisiting “Success” and “Failure” of Marine Protected Areas: A Conservation Scientist Perspective." Frontiers in Marine Science 5, no. : 1.

Research paper
Published: 30 April 2018 in Journal of Biogeography
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Aim Large‐scale variation in species richness results from multiple environmental controls. We proposed to identify the main factors that influence species richness of reef corals to provide insight into natural forces and their implications for future climate impacts. Location Indian Ocean. Methods We applied quantile regression (QR) to predict coral species richness and to evaluate the influence of reef area, biogeographical connection – represented by reef area up‐current, geological provinces defined by plate tectonics, latitude, longitude and mainland‐island separation, the physico‐chemical factors of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), salinity and primary productivity and seven properties of sea surface temperature (mean, minimum, maximum, standard deviation, range, kurtosis and skewness) on coral species richness. Predictions at three quantiles (0.50, 0.75 and 0.95) were compared against ordinary least squares regression (OLS) analysis. Results All four models successfully predicted species richness, with the 95% QR model showing the best fit. According to this model, reef area, number of reefs up‐current and mean‐SST had positive effects while maximum and kurtosis‐SST had negative effects on richness. The distribution of observed richness values in relation to the regression line suggested this model revealed the main limiting factors. High predicted richness sites were located in the region from Western Australia to Central Indian Ocean Islands and southern India, the Mozambique Channel and East Africa and Southern Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. Sites with low predicted richness were Arabian/Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, South Africa and south‐west Madagascar, Gulf of Kutch, Bay of Bengal and the Mascarenes. Conclusions Temperature properties played a prominent role in influencing species richness mainly as latent energy and stress rather than thermal stability. These thermal properties indicate the conditions needed to promote coral diversity and selecting climate refugia for conservation management.

ACS Style

Mebrahtu Ateweberhan; Tim R. McClanahan; Joseph Maina; Charles Sheppard. Thermal energy and stress properties as the main drivers of regional distribution of coral species richness in the Indian Ocean. Journal of Biogeography 2018, 45, 1355 -1366.

AMA Style

Mebrahtu Ateweberhan, Tim R. McClanahan, Joseph Maina, Charles Sheppard. Thermal energy and stress properties as the main drivers of regional distribution of coral species richness in the Indian Ocean. Journal of Biogeography. 2018; 45 (6):1355-1366.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mebrahtu Ateweberhan; Tim R. McClanahan; Joseph Maina; Charles Sheppard. 2018. "Thermal energy and stress properties as the main drivers of regional distribution of coral species richness in the Indian Ocean." Journal of Biogeography 45, no. 6: 1355-1366.

Journal article
Published: 23 January 2018 in Diversity and Distributions
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To describe, model and assess the relative importance of environmental and climatic factors likely influencing the regional distribution of coral cover and assemblages with contrasting life histories and susceptibilities to bleaching. We compiled the first comprehensive empirical dataset for coral communities in the south-eastern Indian Ocean (SEIO), incorporating information from 392 sites along the western coast of Australia and offshore atolls/islands across ~19° of latitude. We assessed hard coral cover and community composition to genus using point-intercept transects or point-count analysis of digital images taken along transects. We explored spatial variation in environmental conditions and in composition of corals with contrasting life histories. After de-trending the temporal patterns, we assessed the relative importance of environmental metrics to coral cover, life histories and bleaching susceptibility using a full subsets model-selection approach with generalized additive mixed models, accounting for both temporal and among site variation. The distribution of temperature, light, the frequency of temperature anomalies and tropical cyclones appear to be drivers of coral community structure. Functional diversity of low- to mid-latitude coral communities may convey some resilience to thermal stress, while higher latitude communities dominated by Competitive and Bleaching-Susceptible taxa may lack this functional resilience. These patterns likely reflect varying historical exposure to cyclones and temperature anomalies. As evident in recent years, changing background conditions and regimes of disturbance in coming decades will shift the distribution, functional diversity and resilience of coral reefs throughout the SEIO. The rate and magnitude of environmental change will ultimately determine the future of the tropical reefs and whether the higher latitude reefs provide some refuge from climate change. Our study highlights the need to quantify the distributional properties of key environmental metrics to better understand and predict reef condition through coming decades.

ACS Style

Jens Zinke; James P. Gilmour; Rebecca Fisher; Marji Puotinen; Joseph Maina; Emily Darling; Michael Stat; Zoe T. Richards; Timothy R. McClanahan; Maria Beger; Cordelia Moore; Nicholas A. J. Graham; Ming Feng; Jean-Paul A. Hobbs; Scott N. Evans; Stuart Field; George Shedrawi; Russ C. Babcock; Shaun K. Wilson. Gradients of disturbance and environmental conditions shape coral community structure for south-eastern Indian Ocean reefs. Diversity and Distributions 2018, 24, 605 -620.

AMA Style

Jens Zinke, James P. Gilmour, Rebecca Fisher, Marji Puotinen, Joseph Maina, Emily Darling, Michael Stat, Zoe T. Richards, Timothy R. McClanahan, Maria Beger, Cordelia Moore, Nicholas A. J. Graham, Ming Feng, Jean-Paul A. Hobbs, Scott N. Evans, Stuart Field, George Shedrawi, Russ C. Babcock, Shaun K. Wilson. Gradients of disturbance and environmental conditions shape coral community structure for south-eastern Indian Ocean reefs. Diversity and Distributions. 2018; 24 (5):605-620.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jens Zinke; James P. Gilmour; Rebecca Fisher; Marji Puotinen; Joseph Maina; Emily Darling; Michael Stat; Zoe T. Richards; Timothy R. McClanahan; Maria Beger; Cordelia Moore; Nicholas A. J. Graham; Ming Feng; Jean-Paul A. Hobbs; Scott N. Evans; Stuart Field; George Shedrawi; Russ C. Babcock; Shaun K. Wilson. 2018. "Gradients of disturbance and environmental conditions shape coral community structure for south-eastern Indian Ocean reefs." Diversity and Distributions 24, no. 5: 605-620.

Articles
Published: 02 January 2018 in Australasian Journal of Environmental Management
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The economic and socio-political interactions between countries can have major impacts on transboundary conservation decisions and outcomes. Here, we examined for 14 Western Indian Ocean (WIO) continental and island nations the extent of their marine coral reef species, fisheries and marine protected areas (MPAs), in the context of their geopolitical and socio-economic connections. We also examined the role of external countries and organisations in collaboration within the region. We found large variation between the different countries in their protected area size, and management, which result from different interests in establishing the MPAs, ranging from fisheries management, biodiversity conservation to asserting sovereignty claims. Seventy-four per cent of the 154 MPAs in the region belong to island nations; however, the largest MPAs in the WIO were established by European powers, and include Mayotte and Glorioso Islands (France) and Chagos (UK). While the majority of MPAs are managed by individual countries, between-country collaboration within and outside the region is key if the aim is to achieve effective conservation of ecosystems and species across the island and mainland nations in the region. This may be advanced by creating transboundary MPAs and by regional conservation investment by external powers that benefit from the region’s resources.

ACS Style

Noam Levin; Maria Beger; Joseph Maina; Tim McClanahan; Salit Kark. Evaluating the potential for transboundary management of marine biodiversity in the Western Indian Ocean. Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 2018, 25, 62 -85.

AMA Style

Noam Levin, Maria Beger, Joseph Maina, Tim McClanahan, Salit Kark. Evaluating the potential for transboundary management of marine biodiversity in the Western Indian Ocean. Australasian Journal of Environmental Management. 2018; 25 (1):62-85.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Noam Levin; Maria Beger; Joseph Maina; Tim McClanahan; Salit Kark. 2018. "Evaluating the potential for transboundary management of marine biodiversity in the Western Indian Ocean." Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 25, no. 1: 62-85.

Journal article
Published: 30 November 2017 in Parks
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James Allan; Falk Grossmann; Rob Craig; Alastair Nelson; Joseph Maina; Kathleen Flower; James Bampton; Jean-Baptiste Deffontaines; Cornelio Miguel; Baldeu Araquechande; James Watson. "PATTERNS OF FOREST LOSS IN ONE OF AFRICA’S LAST REMAINING WILDERNESS AREAS: NIASSA NATIONAL RESERVE (NORTHERN MOZAMBIQUE) ". Parks 2017, 23, 39 -50.

AMA Style

James Allan, Falk Grossmann, Rob Craig, Alastair Nelson, Joseph Maina, Kathleen Flower, James Bampton, Jean-Baptiste Deffontaines, Cornelio Miguel, Baldeu Araquechande, James Watson. "PATTERNS OF FOREST LOSS IN ONE OF AFRICA’S LAST REMAINING WILDERNESS AREAS: NIASSA NATIONAL RESERVE (NORTHERN MOZAMBIQUE) ". Parks. 2017; 23 (2):39-50.

Chicago/Turabian Style

James Allan; Falk Grossmann; Rob Craig; Alastair Nelson; Joseph Maina; Kathleen Flower; James Bampton; Jean-Baptiste Deffontaines; Cornelio Miguel; Baldeu Araquechande; James Watson. 2017. ""PATTERNS OF FOREST LOSS IN ONE OF AFRICA’S LAST REMAINING WILDERNESS AREAS: NIASSA NATIONAL RESERVE (NORTHERN MOZAMBIQUE) "." Parks 23, no. 2: 39-50.