High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) is one of the most important thermal spraying techniques for protective coating on pristine alloy surfaces by cermet feedstock powders. In the article, grit blasting before HVOF coating is replaced by laser texturing to create specific roughness and deterministic cavities pattern for better mechanical interlocking of deposited WC-10Co-4Cr + 3% Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs) on AISI 304 Steel Substrate. Two geometries; first one is Circular texturing (CT) of diameter (d) 100 μ m and pitch (p) 120 μ m, second is triangular texturing (TT) of side (s) 100 μ m and side to side (ss) distance 120 μ m have been used. Various testing measures; like surface roughness, XRD analysis, FESEM image analysis, EDS analysis, lattice strain and residual stress, scratch test, Vickers hardness test on coating and base substrate cross-section, and pin-on-disc test for sliding wear behaviour have been performed. After these coating characterizations, it was found that the lattice strain and residual stress decreases significantly, the micro-hardness of the cross-section improved, the adhesion strength of the coating was enhanced and a low sliding wear rate on the coated surface was observed. Uniform distribution of feedstock powder on the surface but higher porosity on the TT surface showed by FESEM image analysis and a large number of cracks observed during scratch tests at higher load.

High strength low alloy (HSLA) steels offer unique properties and features that show their utility in harsh conditions. Wear and corrosion are concerns when using HSLA steel in shipbuilding and marine environment. In such harsh conditions, WC-10Co-4Cr is a suitable candidate for applying a protective coating to HSLA steel using High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) to improve wear and corrosion resistance. The addition of graphene nano-platelets (GNPs) to WC-10Co-4Cr powder increased its mechanical qualities due to its unique properties such as low wear and excellent corrosion resistance. In this work, WC-10Co-4Cr + 3% GNP was coated on laser-treated DH-36 steel. The corrosion potential for these coatings on pre-laser textured with pitch-to-diameter ratio 1.67 was −0.437V compared to the pristine DH-36 was −0.821V; while corrosion current density was 0.143 × 10 ⁻³ & 5.362 × 10 ⁻⁶ , respectively. Finally, the dry sliding wear test using the Pin-on-Disc (PoD) method, microhardness using the Vickers Indentor, and corrosion resistance using a potentiometer were utilised to analyse the coated surface. The wear resistance of steel coated with WC-10Co-4Cr + 3% GNPs was about 1.5 times compared to pristine substrate. Microstructure and morphology of corroded surfaces were examined using FE-SEM. The results reveal that GNPs act as a solid lubricant, improving the surface’s wear resistance.

Increasing interests have been prevalent lately among the research fraternity for the development of superhydrophobic surfaces (SHS) considering the favorable properties exuded by them. Recently, SHS have been employed effectively in diverse engineering applications like self-cleaning/anti-dust, anti-reflecting coatings, corrosion resistance, anti-biofouling, biomedical, oil-water separation, drag reduction, anti-icing, and cavitation erosion. Further, patterned topology by micro/nano surface texturing has been perceived lately as an engineering opportunity to enhance the surface performance and has opened various avenues for exploration. This work reports the recent research findings pertaining to the concept of superhydrophobicity and micro-texturing particularly in the context of their application for the impediment of the adversaries in metallic components. The comprehensive review on SHS and micro-texturing suggests that the integrated application of these surface modification techniques are proficient for mechanical interlocking of the deposited coatings.

This study examines the effect of blending acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) in various weight percentage ratios (ABS/PETG: 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60) on the physio-mechanical properties of 3D-printed parts. The result showed that the 3D-printed PETG sample exhibited the highest density of 1.12 ± 0.05 g cm⁻³ along with the 40ABS60PETG blend displaying similar density value. However, the 40ABS60PETG sample also demonstrated the highest shrinkage, attributed to differences in thermal expansion and cooling rates between ABS and PETG. Moreover, the surface roughness value of the blended samples varied between 8.04 μm–and 9.78 μm, with the 40ABS60PETG sample having a minimal surface roughness of 8.04 ± 0.60 μm. Regarding mechanical performance, the 40ABS60PETG blend showed a notable improvement in flexural modulus, with increases of 6.45% and 60% compared to neat ABS and PETG, respectively. Compression testing revealed that ABS-dominant blends possess higher compression modulus and maximum compressive stress, indicating superior resistance to deformation and enhanced load-bearing capacity. This study highlights the importance of blend ratios to optimize performance, especially for applications requiring a balance between stiffness and flexibility. The results suggest that controlling the ABS/PETG ratio and carefully managing printing parameters can optimize the mechanical and dimensional stability of 3D-printed parts.