Cybercriminals during the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic have redefined both their targets and the form of their cyberattacks. The increased dependence of people around the world on the Internet is driving increasingly bold hacking attacks. Business unit managers are forced to implement better and better security of data resources, which should be organized and at the same time characterized by confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The purpose of the article was to identify and analyse the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cyber security of the business entity. In realizing the purpose of the article, the starting point was a theoretical introduction to cybersecurity. Then, based on the Cybercrime: Covid-19 Impact report developed by Interpol, it was indicated that the coronavirus pandemic has a very high impact on the cyber threat panorama. To analyse the actual market situation, the effects of the cyber-attack on CD PROJEKT Capital Group were analysed.

Purpose: The 21st century is an era of rapidly expanding digitization in which cyber security is a key global challenge. Digitization creates cyber security risks. One of the problems of cyber security are issues related to accessibility of an organization's systems. The subject of this article is the management of an enterprise in the digital age. Digital amenities simultaneously generate new development opportunities and dynamic progress for enterprises, which are also susceptible to the threats occurring in cyberspace. The analytical goal was to identify the determinants of enterprise management in the context of their operation in cyberspace, which is characterized by a lack of borders, dynamism, and anonymity, and represents one of the most expanding areas of threats in the modern world. Design/methodology/approach: In achieving the goal, the starting point was to present the cyber security of the business entity as an area that has a decisive impact on the management of the company in the digital age. Then, in order to analyse the actual market situation, part of the survey research on cyber security in the business unit was presented. In May 2022, survey research using a questionnaire method by the author of this article with the use of a telephone interview was conducted on behalf of the IPC Research Institute Ltd. based in Wroclaw. The survey was conducted on a sample of 100 enterprises from various industries operating on the territory of the Republic of Poland. The following research methods and techniques were used in the article: survey methods, induction methods as a form of going from the particular to the general, analytical methods, deduction method as a form of generalization and inference, literature analysis. Findings: Research has confirmed that the cyber security of the business unit is a key determinant in the digital age. The publication indicates the need to conduct and develop research on the determination, analysis, and presentation of mechanisms for managing the business unit in the area of cyber security as a security protection in the digital age. Originality/value: The value of the article is the analysis of the author's survey conducted on a sample of 100 companies from various industries operating in the Republic of Poland, and the identification of cyber security as one of the main challenges in the digital age. The article is addressed to executives in order to make them aware of the need to conduct an ongoing analysis of the company's performance in cyberspace in order to locate weak areas of operations and adjust the strategy accordingly to the company's capabilities and goals.

Wzrastająca konkurencyjność, zmieniające się otoczenie mikroekonomiczne oraz makroekonomiczne jednostki gospodarczej coraz częściej zmuszają kierownictwo do stosowania różnych instrumentów wspomagających zarządzanie i zarazem ostrzegających przed groźbą upadłości. Modele dyskryminacyjne umożliwiają śledzenie i zarazem ocenę sytuacji finansowej przedsiębiorstwa, dzięki czemu kadra zarządcza może odpowiednio wcześnie zareagować w przypadku zbliżania się do krytycznych wartości. Celem artykułu była prezentacja wybranych modeli przewidywania upadłości przedsiębiorstwa. W realizacji celu artykułu punktem wyjścia było przybliżenie w pierwszej kolejności przyczyn upadłości przedsiębiorstwa oraz zdefiniowanie wybranych polskich modeli dyskryminacyjnych. Następnie na przykładzie spółki, produkującej m.in. precyzyjne elementy optyczne do zastosowań ogólnych, przedstawiono wyliczenia pięciu modeli dyskryminacyjnych na przestrzeni pięciu lat, wykorzystując dane historyczne pochodzące ze sprawozdań finansowych za lata 2010-2014. W artykule zastosowano następujące metody badawcze: analizę literatury, studium przypadku, analizę dokumentów.

The book explores how technology is transforming business operations and organizational management. To thrive in the digital world, companies need to be flexible, forward-thinking, and above all, human-centered. The book examines four key areas for attaining these goals: Traditional management approaches are insufficient in today’s digital landscape. Companies must adopt innovative management models incorporating artificial intelligence, big data, and digital platforms to maintain competitiveness. These technologies enable process automation and data-driven decision-making, though implementation faces challenges including high costs and resistance to change. Sustainable innovation is a strategic necessity rather than a voluntary action. This dual-externality innovation type requires balancing environmental protection with enterprise competitiveness, demanding both internal management changes and external stakeholder engagement. Corporate finance should evolve beyond traditional profit optimization, incorporating digitization, sustainability, and decision psychology. Modern financial management requires adaptability to dynamic market conditions while considering broader strategic implications. Humanoid robots are a growing presence in enterprises. There should be a focus on human-centric, ethical implementation approaches that augment rather than replace human capabilities while addressing privacy, bias, and accountability concerns. Business management today is as much about understanding technology as it is about making thoughtful and ethically sound choices. This book shows a way for organizations to remain effective by building strategies based on clarity, responsibility, and respect for the people involved, both within and outside the organization.

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wyników analizy dotyczącej dostępu do broni palnej w Polsce w perspektywie prawnej, społecznej i kryminologicznej. Omówiono w nim historyczne uwarunkowania kulturowe, obowiązujące regulacje prawne, postawy społeczne oraz dane dotyczące przestępczości z użyciem broni. Zestawienie przepisów z argumentami pojawiającymi się w debacie publicznej oraz z analizą statystyk pozwala na ocenę skuteczności obecnego modelu reglamentacji broni w Polsce. W artykule zaprezentowano trzy hipotezy badawcze oraz ich weryfikację na podstawie danych zastanych.