Background: The foramen of Huschke (FH) and the petrotympanic fissure (PTF) are anatomical structures that can influence temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) by potentially affecting the movement and function of the mandibular condyle.Objective: This study investigates the relationship between patients with TMD and the presence of FH and PTF to enhance diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.Methods: This retrospective study analyzed cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images from 212 patients. Patients were categorised into TMD and control groups based on standardized DC/TMD protocols. An observer, blinded to the patient's clinical status, then analyzed the CBCT images. The CBCT images were evaluated for the presence and characteristics of FH, PTF, and condyle shape and position.Results: A higher incidence of FH and PTF was observed in patients with TMD than in the control group. FH was present on the right side in 33.3% of patients with TMD and 18% of controls and on the left side in 23.8% of patients with TMD and 10.9% of controls. Open and semi‐open FPT statistically differed between the TMD and control groups (p < 0.05). The length of FH in patients with TMD was significantly larger (2.11 ± 0.44 mm) than in the controls (1.67 ± 0.56 mm). The position of the condyle showed a statistically significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05).Conclusion: FH and PTF subtypes are significantly associated with TMD, underscoring their importance in clinical practice.

Objective: Artificial intelligence (AI) and profound learning algorithms have been increasingly used for computerized decision-making in various complex tasks in recent years. This study aimed to compare ChatGPT (OpenAI, San Francisco, California, U.S.) with a maxillofacial surgeon to diagnose and find differential diagnoses of oral mucosal lesions and evaluate their usefulness. Material and Methods: A maxillofacial surgeon with five years of experience and ChatGPT answered questions about twenty-three oral mucosal lesions. The lesion diagnosis is labeled as diagnosed and incapable of providing a diagnosis, and one point is awarded for each accurate differential diagnosis. Results: While the clinician correctly diagnosed all twenty-three oral mucosal lesions included in the study, ChatGPT correctly diagnosed nineteen, and there was no statistically significant difference (P = 0.109). When the differential diagnosis results of the clinician and ChatGPT were compared, no statistically significant difference was found (P = 0.500). Conclusion: Our study showed that a maxillofacial surgeon with five years of experience and ChatGPT showed similar results in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of oral mucosal lesions. It will be speculated that ChatGPT can act as a new tool that provides information for patients with oral mucosal lesions. Hence, it possesses the capacity to function as a supplementary apparatus, thereby mitigating the workload encountered within the healthcare domain and enabling patients to reach preliminary evaluation from home.

Objective: The use of social media has increased with the widespread use of the internet. Patients use social media for many reasons, such as to get information about their illness, get social support from other patients, and communicate with doctors. The purpose of this study is to analyze Instagram posts about orthognathic surgery. Materials and Methods: A new Instagram account has been opened so that the outcomes of the searches are not affected by bias. Three hashtags with the most posts about orthognathic surgery were determined. #orthognathicsurgery, #orthodonticsurgery, and #jawsurgery hashtags were classified on Instagram. The first hundred posts for each hashtag were analyzed. The sources of the posts were classified as healthcare professionals, individual users, and healthcare industries. The contents of the posts were categorized as patient experience and educational. Results: In the posts about #orthognaticsurgery, a statistically significant difference was found between the number of likes. According to the upload source, there was no statistically significant difference between the number of comments and number of likes on posts about #orthodonticsurgery and #jawsurgery. Conclusions: Healthcare professionals should point out to patients that Instagram needs to be an adequate resource for patients in its current state. The study results revealed that there needed to be more information about orthognathic surgery for patients on Instagram.

The zygomatic region is surgically important because its bone architecture and relationships with the infraorbital foramen (IOF), coronoid process (CP), an